19th Century Industries

Engravings showing various historical industrial processes, including glass grinding and rice milling, highlighting technological advancements of the 18th and 19th centuries.

Loading up horse-drawn vans at the Wells Fargo general office, New York, USA, 1875. Artist: Unknown

Illustration showing Grinding and polishing plate glass. From an 18th century English engraving

Soyer's Barrack Cooking Apparatus, 1858. Improved technology to improve soldiers' diets during the Crimean War. 'The...kitchen was opened by the late much-lamented chef de cuisine, Alexis Soyer, on the morning of July 28. The purpose of the kitchen, as will be seen, is to give a greater variety in the food of the soldier, as this stove will roast, bake, broil, fry, boil, and stew, at the same time effecting an immense saving in fuel; while its chief merit is simplicity, combined with economy. It is capable of cooking a dinner either for one man or a battalion, and, had not poor Soyer been cut

Germany. North Rhine-Westphalia. Lipppe district. Bad Salzuflen. Rice starch factory of E. Hoffmann and Company, founded in 1852. Rice mills. Drawing from life by Theodor Volz. Engraving. The Spanish and American Illustration (La Ilustracion Espanola y Americana), 1884.

Germany. North Rhine-Westphalia. Lipppe district. Bad Salzuflen. Rice starch factory of E. Hoffmann and Company, founded in 1852. Rice mills. Drawing from life by Theodor Volz. Engraving. The Spanish and American Illustration (La Ilustracion Espanola y Americana), 1884.

Silver mill, crushing silver ore, in 1870, California, USA, Historical, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original, Exact date unknown...

Loading up horse-drawn vans at the Wells Fargo general office, New York, USA, 1875. Artist: Unknown

Engraving depicting the making of the steel cables on board the 'Great Eastern'. Dated 19th Century

Bottling soda water, Mondollot factory, France, illustration by Bertrand from L'Illustration, Journal Universel, No 594, Volume XXIV, July 15, 1854.

The Linen Industry in the 18th Century; Lapping, Measuring, Crisping and Folding; Black and White Illustration;

An engraving depicting the boiler shed at Crosfield's soap works, Warrington. Dated 19th century

Broadwood's piano factory, Horseferry Road, Westminster, London. Woodcut, 1842.

Fried fish merchant, Tokyo. Japan, Asia. Journey to Japan by Aime Humbert 1863-1864 from Le Tour du Monde 1867

Engraving depicting the interior of the Brailsford Cheese Factory near Derby, showing milk vats and cheese presses. Dated 19th Century

The busy life of a president-elect of the United States--General Garfield at his home at Mentor, Ohio General Garfield's business office

Germany. North Rhine-Westphalia. Lipppe district. Bad Salzuflen. Rice starch factory of E. Hoffmann and Company, founded in 1852. Woodworking workshop. Drawing from life by Theodor Volz. Engraving. The Spanish and American Illustration (La Ilustracion Espanola y Americana), 1884.

Print Of A Textile Mill, France, 700 '.

Flyer in the eighteenth century, cannetille and setters heads, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque (1882).

Illustration showing women workers inside a steam-powered Lancashire cotton mill. 1844

An engraving depicting the Walter rotary press, installed for printing The Times in 1866. Two such machines, each producing 11,000 copies per hour, could be operated by an overseer and six unskilled men. Dated 19th century

Smelters, Font of the statue of Louis XIV, under the direction of architect Boffrand, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque (1882).

Nottingham Brewery - mash turns Date: 1889

Greek Olive Mill. Date: 1879

Purification system and gas meters, Paris

Illustration showing sectional view of a cable anchor, from the Brooklyn Suspension Bridge, New York, designed and built by John Augustus Roebling (1806-1869), and his son Washington Augustus Roebling (1837-1926): opened 1883. Arrangement of 19 Strands, each of. 278 wires, which made up the main cables. 1883

Molding workshop, vintage engraved illustration. Industrial encyclopedia E.-O. Lami - 1875.

Engraving titled 'Industry and Idleness' by William Hogarth. The industrious apprentice quietly gets on with his weaving, while the idle apprentice sleeps of the effect of a night of revelling.

Engraving of men punching rivet holes in steel plate. Dated 19th Century

Production of a cannon in the Broquin und Laine foundry, Paris, historic scene from the Franco-German War, 1870 - 1871, between the French Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia

Illustration showing Women punching out button blanks from copper strips. 1866

Engraving depicting the stirring of lead in a furnace to produce red-lead, an oxide of lead widely used as a pigment. Dated 19th century

MANUFACTURE OF STEEL PENS, SKETCHED AT THE WORKS OF MR. JOSEPH GILLOTT, VISITED BY H.R.H. THE PRINCE OF WALES

Stamping mill pulverising rags for the paper being made above. Engraving, 1573.

Illustration depicting the drawing of worsted yarn into slivers. This wool would have been hand-combed by outworkers and was used for the finer; more expensive forms of worsted. Dated 19th Century

The Atlantic Telegraph Paying-Out Machine, 1858. 'In the Engraving, which is taken from a photograph by Maull and Polyblank, the paying-out machine is shown in perspective nearest to the observer, the dynamometer being seen at the further end of the paying-out machine. The bystanders have been introduced to show the comparative size of the machine dynamometer. The tallest figure standing by the machine is Mr. Bright, the engineer, and one of the original projectors of the Atlantic line; beside him is Mr. Appold, by whom the form of brake used was invented; and in the distance is Mr. Clifford,

Searching for coal by boring, Pas de Calais Coalfield, France. Boring machine powered by a steam engine. From 'Underground Life; or, Mines and Miners' by Louis Simonin (London, 1869). Wood engraving.

Men are working with mallets to fit the pieces together to make wheels. Engraving by Bénard after L.J. Goussier.

Making one of the hands of the Statue of Liberty, Paris. France. Old 19th century engraved illustration from La Nature 1886

Engraving depicting generators at the Central Electric Lighting Station, Milan, Spain

Engraving depicting the printing of The Times. The machines here are Walter perfecting presses which were installed circa 1871. Dated 19th century

IMPRENTA MECANICA DEL SIGLO XIX. Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN.

Engraving depicting the 'Great Eastern' used during the creation of the Atlantic Telegraph. The men are laying the cable on board the 'Great Eastern'. Dated 19th Century

An engraving depicting the casting of iron into ingots or 'pigs'. Dated 19th century

Blowing up Flood Rock, 1885, (1886). Artist: Anon

Scutching or dressing flax by beating the stalks by hand. The long fibres of the stem Flax plant (Linum) were processed to produce linen. Engraving from 'Great Industries of Great Britain' (London, c1880).

Universal Exposition: Workshop for manufacturing of paper money. Paris, France, Exposition Universelle. An international Exhibition held on the Champs-Elysees in 1855, consisting of an industrial and an beaux Arts exposition. Engraving

Engraving depicting a beekeeper clearing honey by straining it into settling tanks and then drawing off by tap after leaving it to stand for a number of hours. Dated 19th century

Smith & Wesson's revolver factory, Springfield, Illinois, showing the processes of production from the forging of the barrels, and the stocking and milling rooms fitted with power by means of belt and shafting, the rifling room and the fitting room. Engraving from Scientific American (New York, 24 January 1880).

During bell casting, melting the metals and building the casting channel, Historic, digitally restored reproduction of an 18th century original, exact original date not known

Tobacco manufacturing of paris, engraving by a.jahandier

Engraving depicting horses providing power for a hoist and a grinding mill on the floor above. Dated 18th century

Engraving depicting Wyndham Portal's paper mill at Laverstocke, Hampshire, making paper for bank notes on machinery by Donkin & Co. of Manchester. The machinery was powered by a water turbine.

When casting bells, melting the metals and building the casting channel / Beim Glockengießen, schmelzen der Metalle und Bau der Gußrinne, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert, Originaldatum nicht bekannt.

An engraving depicting men working in a brewery. Dated 19th century

An engraving depicting the process of cleaving and polishing a diamonds: Amsterdam. Dated 19th century

Engraving depicting a Beaumont drilling machine cutting the last section of rock to join both ends of the Mersey tunnel.

Eight workers making needles in a workshop in 18th century France. Date: Circa 1760

US silk production. Sorting silk cocoons 1885

Silver mining in Nevada in 1870s. From American Pictures Drawn With Pen And Pencil by Rev Samuel Manning circa 1880

Smith & Wesson's revolver factory, Springfield, Illinois, showing the processes of production from the forging of the barrels, and the stocking and milling rooms fitted with power by means of belt and shafting, the rifling room and the fitting room. Engraving from 'Scientific American' (New York, 24 January 1880).

industry metal workers in brass foundry wood engraving after Piaud by D.Lancelot 19th century,

An engraving depicting a baker kneading dough in a trough. This trough had a lid so that the dough could be covered and left to rise. Dated 19th century

Engraving depicting the manufacture of linen paper

Illustration depicting a typical signal box. Dated 19th century

Ancient View of a Dutch Printing-Office

Laying The Nicolson Wood Pavement In 14th Street, New York City, 1869, Artist Unknown

An engraving depicting the Huntley & Palmer's factory, Reading. Dated 19th century

Schoenfeld 7 for the first world championship. Heenan took his workouts in an old barn. June 22, 1940. (Photo by Camera Features).

Arbeiter im Lagerraum einer Eisfabik, Eiskeller, Historisch, digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 18. Jahrhundert, genaues ...

An engraving depicting the cutting of dough to the required size (scaling off) after its first rising. Dated 19th century

An engraving depicting Stevens' ABC bread making machine being tried out at Marylebone Workhouse. Dated 19th century

Severn Tunnel (1873-1886) built to carry Great Western Railway under the river. Scene in the pumping shaft on the Monmouthshire bank. Engraving.

Case and fitting department, Chappell & Company's piano works, Belmont Street, Chalk, London, 1870. Artist: Unknown

Peak Frean Biscuit Manufactory, London.

Worker in the storage room of an ice factory, ice cellar, Historic, digitally restored reproduction of an original from the 18th century, exact original date unknown

Various activities in a French tobacco factory. Date: circa 1760

Illustration from Diderot's Encyclopedie, showing the grinding of sword blades. 1751

Tea warehouses of the East & West India Dock Company, London. Refilling tea chests after bulking (remixing after the journey as smaller leaves and dust worked to bottom of chests in during the passage). Wood engraving, 1874.

Cider making : laying the fruit before pressing. Date: 1850

Illustration depicting the top floor of a Middleman's Factory, in the Northampton Shoemaking District. Machinists are seen using Singer sewing machines to sew upers. Dated 19th Century

Potter forming pottery by hand Date: 1899

Casting shot and shell for 100-pounder Armstrong guns at the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, London Date: 1862

Tapping a blast furnace and running molten iron into the 'Pigs'. Wood engraving c1885

Casting cannon: tapping furnace to allow molten metal to run into the moulds a feet of workmen on left. On right, puddler is skimming off impurities. From Denis Diderot 'Encyclopedie', Paris, 1751-1780.

Labor Inspectorate Photo Collection. 9x12 shaft well. undated

An engraving depicting England's wine trade: Gilbey's claret stores, 1875

The Cotton Famine: shop for mill-hands at Mr. Birley's mill, Manchester, 1862. Charity for unemployed Lancashire textiles workers. 'Mr. Birley...is affording a noble example of what a right-minded man, with ample means, may do in such a crisis as the present. He is at present maintaining the whole of his people, 1000 in number. They receive from 2s. to 5s. each. The mill is silent, and the machinery is stationary; but some rooms are set apart and warmed for the boys, women, and girls who attend, to learn to read, sew, and knit, under competent teachers. I found there fifty boys and 150 women a

Line engraving depicting a mill for fulling cloth to remove oil and re-size. Dated 18th Century

Glass Preparation Artist Unknown

An engraving depicting men picking mushrooms in an underground cave at Montrouge, near Paris. Dated 19th century

Detailed engraving of an emigrant ship, with a sailor coiling rope in the foreground and two others climbing the rigging, 1850. On deck a number of emigrant seamstresses, rescued from poverty by a charitable organisation, are gathered talking. Date: 1850

Spain, Madrid. New typographic establishment of the "Sucesores de Rivadeneyra", in the Paseo de San Vicente. Departments for the use of electroplating and stereotyping methods. Engraving. La Ilustración Española y Americana, 1882.

Illustration depicting the process of casting type: At 1) on left are 4 type-founders, each with a small furnace for melting the alloy of lead and iron from which the type is cast. The man at the front is filling a ladle with molten metal, ready to tip it into the mould in his left hand. The average number of letters cast in a day was 3000. The letters are next passed to the boys at 2) who break off the shanks. At 3) they are rubbed on a stone to remove un-wanted roughness, and at 4) they are cut to one length. Dated 18th century

Tapping a blast furnace and running molten iron into the 'pigs', c1885. Artist: Unknown

An engraving depicting the inmates of the All Saint's Workhouse operating Herbert's flour mill. Dated 19th century

Engraving depicting the removal of hair from a goat's skin after it has been soaking in the lime pit for about 5 weeks. Dated 19th century

Dockers unloading sugar at West India Docks, London. Each docker wheels a trolley carrying a single sack which is recorded and marked. Engraving 1889.

Production line for making tin cans from flat metal into the finished cans. Norton Brothers, River Street, Chicago.

An engraving depicting Devonshire cider: The apples are pounded i n the horse-powered mill, and the resulting 'mock' is fed into the press (left). 1850

Forming cotton into 'laps' so that it could be put into the carding machine in a uniform amounts. In foreground baskets of cotton that had been through the gin to remove seeds and separate fibres. On right at back of bench, balance for weighing cotton. Under bench are 'laps' ready for carding. Adult 'hand' with boy assistant. From Charles Tomlinson 'The Useful Arts and Manufactures of Great Britain' London c1845.

Engraving depicting skins hanging out to dry in a tannery.

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