Antarctic Botanical Illustrations

Detailed illustrations of various Antarctic plants, showcasing their unique structures, including flowers and seeds, in vibrant colors and intricate designs.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, freycinetia banksii, new zealand, nzspecies, This illustration features a detailed botanical study of maize, also known as corn. The image showcases an ear of corn, complete with husks, surrounded by elongated green leaves. Various floral structures are depicted, including male tassels and female flowers, emphasizing the plant's reproductive features. Additional elements include close-ups of the flower components, demonstrating the intricate details of the plant's anatomy. The overall composition provides a comprehensive look at the growth stages and structural characteristics of maize, reflecting its importance in agriculture and botany.

The botany of the Antarctic, voyage of H.M, discovery, ships, Erebus, and, Terror in, the, Years, 1839-1843, London, Reeve, Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, Restio, monocephalus, Sporadanthus, tasmanicus, Lepyrodia, tasmanica, The illustration features a collection of botanical specimens, showcasing various plants with detailed depictions of their structures. On the left, Restio monocephalus is highlighted, displaying slender stems that seem to branch out with small tuft-like formations at the tips. To the right, Lepyrodia tasmanica is presented, featuring unique, elongated spikes and floral elements that suggest a complex reproductive structure. Accompanying the main illustrations are labeled sections that depict fruit types and seed capsules, providing insight into the reproductive characteristics of these species. The overall composition emphasizes the diversity and intricacies of these plants, showcasing their natural beauty and biological significance.

Vernal grass or vanilla grass, Anthoxathum odoratum. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Dr. Willibald Artus' Hand-Atlas sammtlicher mediinisch-pharmaceutischer Gewachse, (Handbook of all medical-pharmaceutical plants), Jena, 1876.

Rattlesnake-root or Seneca snake-root, Polygala senega. Handcoloured lithograph by Hanhart after a botanical illustration by David Blair from Robert Bentley and Henry Trimen's Medicinal Plants, London, 1880.

Yellow star of bethlehem, Gagea lutea Ker., and Gagea minima Dum. Chromolithograph from Carl Lindman's "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (Pictures of Northern Flora), Stockholm, Wahlstrom & Widstrand, 1905. Lindman (1856-1928) was Professor of Botany at the Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet). The chromolithographs were based on Johan Wilhelm Palmstruch's "Svensk botanik," 1802-1843.

Pipewort, Paepalanthus dendroides, Eriocaulon dendroides. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Antoine Laurent de Jussieu's Dizionario delle Scienze Naturali, Dictionary of Natural Science, Florence, Italy, 1837. Illustration engraved by Stanghi, drawn and directed by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, William Archer, Prasophyllum alpinum, Prasophyllum tadgellianum, Prasophyllum fuscum, A detailed botanical illustration showcasing two species of orchids: Prasophyllum alpinum and Prasophyllum fuscum. On the left, Prasophyllum alpinum is depicted with its slender, elongated leaves and distinct floral structure featuring a bell-shaped bloom. On the right, Prasophyllum fuscum displays a more compact arrangement of its flowers, characterized by darker coloration and a unique shape. The illustration provides labeled parts of the flowers, including close-ups of the various floral structures and a cross-section view of the plant's bulb, demonstrating the intricate details and differences between the two species.

Wheat or bread wheat, Triticum vulgare. Chromolithograph after a botanical illustration by Walther Muller from Hermann Adolph Koehler's Medicinal Plants, edited by Gustav Pabst, Koehler, Germany, 1887.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, freycinetia banksii, new zealand, nzspecies, This illustration features a detailed botanical study of maize, also known as corn. The image showcases an ear of corn, complete with husks, surrounded by elongated green leaves. Various floral structures are depicted, including male tassels and female flowers, emphasizing the plant's reproductive features. Additional elements include close-ups of the flower components, demonstrating the intricate details of the plant's anatomy. The overall composition provides a comprehensive look at the growth stages and structural characteristics of maize, reflecting its importance in agriculture and botany.

Cumin, Cuminum cyminum. Chromolithograph after a botanical illustration from Hermann Adolph Koehler's Medicinal Plants, edited by Gustav Pabst, Koehler, Germany, 1887.

English, botany, or Coloured, figures, of, British, plants, London, R. Hardwicke, 1863-1886, Great Britain, pictorial, works, plants, An illustration depicting various stages and parts of the common sedge, scientifically known as Carex vulgaris. The composition includes labeled elements such as the flowering stem adorned with elongated spikelets, detailed views of the plant's leaves, and cross-sections of the seeds and other reproductive parts. The illustration also highlights the plant's characteristic features, presenting a botanical study useful for identification and classification. Surrounding the main plant are sketches of the seeds and roots, emphasizing the biological diversity within this species.

The illustration showcases various species of the plant genus Isolepis. It features detailed botanical depictions, including labeled diagrams of the plants structures, such as stems, leaves, flowers, and seeds. The images highlight the distinct characteristics and growth patterns of Isolepis cernua and Isolepis alpina, emphasizing their unique morphological features. Each section is carefully annotated with letters and numbers for identification, showcasing the intricacies of their anatomy and providing insight into their natural environment.

The botany of the Antarctic, voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years, 1839-1843, London, Reeve, Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter, Hood, Fitch, Lepidosperma, lateralis, Lepidosperma, laterale, sword, sedge, Lepidosperma, lineare, Lepidosperma, angustifolia

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, juncus australis, nzspecies, walter hood fitch, juncus capillaceus, A botanical illustration showcasing various species of plants from the Juncus genus. The central focus features tall, thin stems with clusters of flowers at the top, representing Juncus australis. Additional representations on the right display Juncus capillaceus, including detailed depictions of its distinct flowers, seeds, and fruit. Each part is meticulously labeled, highlighting the unique characteristics of these aquatic and semi-aquatic plants. The intricate details of the leaves, flower heads, and seed structures provide valuable insight into the morphology of these species.

Poet's daffodil, Narcissus poeticus. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Jussieu's Dizionario delle Scienze Naturali, Dictionary of Natural Science, Florence, Italy, 1837. Illustration engraved by Stanghi, drawn and directed by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Nature Print of Moonwort and Adder's Tongue Ferns, plate 51 from The Ferns of Great Britain and Ireland Published 1850-1860 England. Moving beyond mezzotintís reproductive capabilities, Henry Bradbury used botanical specimens impressed into lead for his lifelike prints of plants. The matrix was electroplated, inked in multiple colors, and printed. This image comes from Bradburyís most famous publication, but the impression may have been printed separately, as it lists his name prominently. Although Bradbury adjusted the technique, he did not invent it. Alois Auer and Andreas Worring had in fact discovered it in Vienna in 1852, but Bradbury neglected to mention them when he patented his version. The ensuing controversy may have contributed to Bradburyís suicide by poisoned soda water in Londonís Cremorne Gardens.. Color soft ground etching, from botanical specimens, inked la poupÈe, on off-white wove paper . Henry Bradbury

Field gromwell, Lithospermum arvense. Chromolithograph from Carl Lindman's "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (Pictures of Northern Flora), Stockholm, Wahlström & Widstrand, 1905. Lindman (1856-1928) was Professor of Botany at the Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet). The chromolithographs were based on Johan Wilhelm Palmstruch's "Svensk botanik" (1802-1843).

Fan fern, Schizaea dichotoma. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Jussieu's "Dictionary of Natural Science," Florence, Italy, 1837. Engraved by Stanghi, drawn by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Annual buffonia, Buffonia annua. Handcoloured copperplate engraved and drawn by Charles Mathews from William Baxter's "British Phaenogamous Botany" 1835. Scotsman William Baxter (1788-1871) was the curator of the Oxford Botanic Garden from 1813 to 1854.

Romulea bulbocodium (Trichonema bulbocodium). Handcoloured lithograph from Diederich von Schlechtendal's German Flora (Flora von Deutschland), Jena, 1871.

English, botany, Coloured, Figures, British, Plants, London, R. Hardwicke, 1863-1886, Great Britain, pictorial, works, plants, The illustration features the plant Carex vesicaria, commonly known as Bladder Sedge. The composition includes a detailed representation of the plant's structure, showcasing long, slender leaves and flower spikes that emerge from the central stem. Accompanying the main plant are smaller drawings of its fruit, highlighting the unique shape of the seeds and the bulbous characteristics of its base. The overall design emphasizes the botanical accuracy and aesthetic appeal, typical of scientific illustrations from the 19th century.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, nzspecies, Isolepis prolifer, Isolepis distigmatosa, This illustration features the plant Isoetes prolifer, showcasing its distinct features. Prominently displayed are slender green stems that rise vertically, each adorned with elongated, narrow leaves. The lower portion highlights the various stages of the plant's reproductive structures, including specialized, elongated spores and unique seed-like formations. The composition emphasizes the delicate details of the plants anatomy, providing a clear understanding of its morphology and growth patterns.

Branched St. Bernard's lily, Anthericum ramosum. Chromolithograph from Carl Lindman's "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (Pictures of Northern Flora), Stockholm, Wahlstrom & Widstrand, 1905. Lindman (1856-1928) was Professor of Botany at the Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet). The chromolithographs were based on Johan Wilhelm Palmstruch's "Svensk botanik," 1802-1843.

Nova genera et species plantarum. Monachii Munich, Impensis Auctoris, 1824-1829 i.e. 1824-32, The illustration features a botanical study of a plant species, prominently displaying a flower bud and elongated green leaves. To the left, a slender floral stalk extends upwards, culminating in a delicate yellow flower. Below this are detailed studies of the plant's reproductive structures, including various stages and parts of the flower, as well as a cross-section view. The arrangement also includes a tree-like representation of the plant, along with intricate drawings of seed dispersal and other botanical features. At the bottom, the label 'RABEACINIA' identifies the genus, showcasing the scientific interest in this particular species.

Turmeric, Curcuma longa. Handcoloured lithograph by Hanhart after a botanical illustration by David Blair from Robert Bentley and Henry Trimen's Medicinal Plants, London, 1880.

Nova, genera, et, species, plantarum, Monachii, Munich, Impensis, Auctoris, 1824-1829, i.e, 1824-32., This botanical illustration features various stages of the *Gomphrena mollis*, a plant known for its unique floral structure. The depiction includes several flowering stems with elongated, slender leaves, showcasing the plant's characteristic features. Some flowers are displayed with detailed views of their individual structures, including the bracts and reproductive parts, often highlighting the intricate details of the plant's anatomy. This artwork emphasizes the delicate beauty and complexity of this species, serving both an educational and aesthetic purpose in the study of botany.

Black flag or starfish iris, Ferraria undulata, Ferraria ondulata, Iride stellaria. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Antoine Laurent de Jussieu's Dizionario delle Scienze Naturali, Dictionary of Natural Science, Florence, Italy, 1837. Illustration engraved by Stanghi, drawn by Jean Gabriel Pretre and directed by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Greater spearwort (Ranunculus lingua), medicinal plant, crop plant, chromolithography, about 1870

Pectinated bartholina, Bartholina burmanniana (Bartholina pectinata). Native to South Africa. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by S. Watts after an illustration by Miss Drake from Sydenham Edwards' "The Botanical Register," London, Ridgway, 1834. Sarah Anne Drake (1803-1857) drew over 1,300 plates for the botanist John Lindley, including many orchids.

An illustration featuring a variety of plants categorized under 'Mercurialis.' The arrangement showcases multiple species with distinct leaves, stems, and roots. The plants exhibit a range of leaf shapes and arrangements, some with elongated, pointed leaves and others with broader, more rounded foliage. Detailed depictions of flower structures and seed formations are included at the bottom, providing insights into their reproductive features. This botanical representation emphasizes the diversity within the Mercurialis genus, illustrating the intricate characteristics of each plant for identification and study.

Curtis's Botanical Magazine, London, New York, botanical illustration, botany, periodicals, pictorial works, plants ornamental, Curtis, This illustration features a detailed botanical study highlighting a lush, green plant with elongated leaves, showcasing its unique structure. Accompanying the main plant are several smaller drawings that depict different parts of the plant's anatomy, including floral components. The drawings emphasize the intricate details of the flowers, illustrating their shapes and reproductive structures. Additionally, there are labeled diagrams that identify key botanical features, providing insight into the plants morphology and taxonomy, while displaying an artistic blend of scientific precision and aesthetic appeal.

Lesser butterfly-orchid, Platanthera bifolia. Chromolithograph after a botanical illustration by Walther Muller from Hermann Adolph Koehler's Medicinal Plants, edited by Gustav Pabst, Koehler, Germany, 1887.

Deutschlands Flora in Abbildungen nach der Natur, Nurnberg, Gedruckt auf Kosten des Verfassers, 1798-1862, Germany, Botany, Cyperus esculentus, An illustrated botanical representation of Cyperus esculentus, commonly known as tiger nut or earth almond. The illustration features various parts of the plant: on the left, detailed depictions of the roots and stems; in the center, the flowering spike showcasing clusters of small flowers; and on the right, several seeds and a close-up of individual florets. The artwork includes labeled sections that detail specific components of the plant, highlighting its structure and reproductive features. The meticulous detail reflects the importance of this species in various ecological and agricultural contexts.

Durum wheat, pasta wheat or maraconi wheat, Triticum turgidum, Ble de miracle. Handcoloured steel engraving by Oudet after a botanical illustration by Edouard Maubert from Pierre Oscar Reveil, A. Dupuis, Fr. Gerard and Francois Herincqs La Regne Vegetal: Planets Agricoles et Forestieres, L. Guerin, Paris, 1864-1871.

Long-lipped serapias orchid, Serapias vomeracea (Serapias pseudocordigera). Handcoloured lithograph from Diederich von Schlechtendal's German Flora (Flora von Deutschland), Jena, 1871.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, leucopogon ciliatus, leucopogon pilifer, leucopogon hookeri, acrothamnus hookeri, A botanical illustration featuring the detailed study of two plant species, Leucopogon hookeri and Leucopogon clathatus. The composition includes various representations of the plants, showcasing their leaves, flowers, and seed structures. The illustration highlights intricate floral details, including petal arrangements and reproductive components, accompanied by annotations for educational reference. The layout emphasizes the form and structure of the plants, serving as a visual guide for identification and classification in botany.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, Didymotheca thesioides, Gyrostemon thesioides, The illustration showcases the plant Didymotheca thesoides, featuring a detailed depiction of its branching stem adorned with narrow leaves. The plant is accompanied by various botanical elements, including flowers and fruit in different stages of development. Detailed sketches highlight the unique seed shapes, illustrating both the seeds and their chambers. The intricate design emphasizes the plants morphology, providing a scientific insight into its structure and reproductive features.

Curtis's botanical magazine, London, New York, botany, periodicals, botanical illustration, pictorial works, plants ornamental, Curtis, women in science, Harriet Thiselton Dyer, Reanaluxurians, Euchlaena luxurians, Zea luxurians, teosinte, taxonomy: family = Poaceae, Mesoamerica, Honduras, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Harriet Thiselton Dyer, Harriet Anne Hooker Thiselton Dyer, The illustration features a detailed botanical depiction of cereal grains, focusing on the structure and growth of a variety of grasses. On one side, an intricate representation shows the flowering parts, including clusters of delicate yellow flowers atop slender stems. Adjacent to this, the anatomy of the plant is highlighted, showcasing the ear of grain with individual components like the husk and seed. The illustrations also include a side view of the plants foliage, revealing broad leaves with prominent veins. The overall composition combines both artistic and scientific elements, providing insight into the morpholo

Water soldier, Stratiotes aloides. Handcoloured copperplate drawn and engraved by Charles Mathews from William Baxter's "British Phaenogamous Botany," Oxford, 1841. Scotsman William Baxter (1788-1871) was the curator of the Oxford Botanic Garden from 1813 to 1854.

1, Rhipsalis heteroclada, 2. Disocactus biformis, 3. Rhipsalis prismatica, 4,5. Rhipsalis coriacea, 6,7. Rhipsalis dissimilis, Kaktus, Kakteen, aus The Cactaceae, descriptions and illustrations, N.L. Britton and J.N. Rose, 1919-1923, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 20. Jahrhundert, genaues Originaldatum nicht bekannt.

Sedge species (Carex gynobasis), left, and Sedge species (Carex digitata), right, medicinal plant, historical chromolithography, circa 1796

The botany of the Antarctic, voyage of H.M, discovery, ships, Erebus, and, Terror in, the, Years, 1839-1843, London, Reeve, Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, carex, archeri, carex, chlorantha, This illustration features detailed botanical studies of two species: Carex Archeri and Chloranthus. The left side showcases various structures of Carex Archeri, including its flower spikes, elongated leaves, and reproductive parts, characterized by elongated yellow anthers and distinct seed heads. On the right side, Chloranthus is depicted with its slender green stems and flowering structures, illustrating the differing shapes of its floral components. Each element is meticulously labeled, highlighting the intricate details of these plants and their reproductive features, contributing to the understanding of their botanical classification and characteristics.

Ginger, Zingiber officinale. Chromolithograph after a botanical illustration from Hermann Adolph Koehler's Medicinal Plants, edited by Gustav Pabst, Koehler, Germany, 1887.

Violet limodore orchid, Limodorum abortivum. Handcoloured lithograph from Diederich von Schlechtendal's German Flora (Flora von Deutschland), Jena, 1871.

English Botany Coloured Figures British Plants London R. Hardwicke 1863-1886 Great Britain Pictorial Works Plants, The illustration features the Close-headed Alpine Sedge, scientifically known as Carex Vahlii. Depicted are various elements of the plant: the main stalk displaying the elongated green leaves and a flower spike at the top, alongside detailed renderings of the reproductive structuresstamens and ovaries. The composition highlights the intricate features of the plant, emphasizing its botanical characteristics, including the root system and distinctive foliage, presented in a thoughtful arrangement ideal for educational or reference purposes.

Botanical print by Sir William Jackson Hooker, FRS, 1785 - 1865, English botanical illustrator. He held the post of Regius Professor of Botany at Glasgow University, and was Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. From the Liszt Masterpieces of Botanical Illustration Collection.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, William Archer, Prasophyllum despectans, Genoplesium despectans, Genoplesium archeri, Prasophyllum nudum, Prasophyllum archeri, Corunastylis nuda, NZ species, The illustration showcases a detailed botanical study featuring various species of orchids. Each section highlights the distinct floral structures of the plants, labeled for clarity. The depiction includes intricate designs of the petals, sepals, and reproductive parts, emphasizing the unique morphology of each orchid. The use of color enhances the visual appeal, showcasing the delicate patterns and shapes characteristic of this diverse plant family, while annotations provide scientific names and details about each species.

Horseradish, Armoracia rusticana. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from a botanical illustration by James Sowerby from William Woodville and Sir William Jackson Hooker's "Medical Botany," John Bohn, London, 1832. The tireless Sowerby (1757-1822) drew over 2, 500 plants for Smith's mammoth "English Botany" (1790-1814) and 440 mushrooms for "Coloured Figures of English Fungi " (1797) among many other works.

Ammoniacum or gum ammoniac, Dorema ammoniacum. Chromolithograph after a botanical illustration from Hermann Adolph Koehler's Medicinal Plants, edited by Gustav Pabst, Koehler, Germany, 1887.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, Hierochloe rariflora, Austrostipa setacea, Stipa setacea, The illustration showcases various grass species in a botanical study, prominently featuring Hierochloe rariflora and Supa setaceae. Detailed depictions highlight the unique structures of each plant, including elongated stems, seed heads, and floral arrangements. Each species is accompanied by numerical labels, indicating specific parts of the plants for reference. The intricate details capture the textures of the leaves and the formations of the flowers, providing a comprehensive look at these grasses' morphology and diversity.

Meadow saxifrage (Saxifraga granulata), medicinal and useful plant, chromolithograph, 1881, historical illustration

The botany of the Antarctic, voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years, 1839-1843, London, Reeve, Brothers, 1844-1860, williamwilson, williammitten, Walter Hood Fitch, rosulabryumbillarderii, bryumrufescens, bartramiapusilla, philonotisscabrifolia, bartramiaremotifolia, philonotistenuis, bartramiatenuis, moss, breuteliapendula, bartramiacrassa, bartramiasieberi, bartramiacomosa, bartramiafragilis, bartramiarobusta, The illustration features a detailed arrangement of various plant specimens, showcasing their unique structures and characteristics. Each section highlights different species, clearly labeled with names and associated botanical annotations. Various leaf shapes, textures, and reproductive structures are depicted, offering insights into the diversity of these plants. The layout emphasizes careful botanical study and provides a visual reference for identification and classification within the natural world. The meticulous detailing captures the intricate bea

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, williamarcher, Thelymitra venosa, Thelymitra cyanea, nzspecies, new zealand, swamp sun orchid, pink sun orchid, The illustration features two distinct species of flowering plants, beautifully rendered with scientific precision. On the left, A. Thelymitra venosa showcases slender green leaves and delicate blue-purple flowers, with detailed depictions of its floral structure, including various stages of bloom and anatomical features. The right side presents B. Thelymitra carnea, characterized by its pink flowers and similarly graceful foliage. The illustration meticulously annotates key elements of each plant, enhancing the viewer's understanding of their morphological characteristics. Additional drawings at the bottom highlight individual flower parts, demonstrating the intricate details of their reproductive structures.

Absinthe wormwood, Artemisia absinthium. Chromolithograph from Carl Lindman's "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (Pictures of Northern Flora), Stockholm, Wahlström & Widstrand, 1905. Lindman (1856-1928) was Professor of Botany at the Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet). The chromolithographs were based on Johan Wilhelm Palmstruch's "Svensk botanik" (1802-1843).

Oats, Avena sativa. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Dr. Willibald Artus' Hand-Atlas sammtlicher mediinisch-pharmaceutischer Gewachse, (Handbook of all medical-pharmaceutical plants), Jena, 1876.

German Asphodel, Tofield's Asphodel (Tofieldia calyculata), medicinal plant, useful plant, chromolithograph, 1876

Botanical Linnean classification, 19th century illustration

Musky stork's bill or Whitestem filaree (Erodium moschatum), useful plant, chromolithograph, 1881, historical illustration

Novæ Hollandiæ plantarum specimen, Parisiis, Ex typographia Dominæ Huzard, 1804-1806 Australia Botany Australia Pictorial works Gompholobium ellipticum Gompholobium ellipticum, A botanical illustration showcasing the plant 'Gompholobium ellipticum.' The depiction features a tall stem adorned with clusters of small, rounded flowers at the top, surrounded by delicate, elongated leaves that alternate along the stem. Below the main illustration, various stages of the flower's development are illustrated, including buds and opened flowers, providing a detailed view of its anatomy and growth patterns. The piece highlights the intricate details of the plant, emphasizing its unique characteristics and the beauty of botanical artistry.

Mr. Carton's mormodes orchid, Mormodes cartoni. Hand-coloured botanical illustration drawn and lithographed by Walter Hood Fitch for Sir William Jackson Hooker's "Curtis's Botanical Magazine," London, Reeve Brothers, 1846. Fitch (1817~1892) was a tireless Scottish artist who drew over 2,700 lithographs for the "Botanical Magazine" starting from 1834.

Galbanum, Ferula gummosa (Ferula galbaniflua). Chromolithograph after a botanical illustration from Hermann Adolph Koehler's Medicinal Plants, edited by Gustav Pabst, Koehler, Germany, 1887.

Sorghum, Sorghum bicolor 48 and Holcus saccharatus 49, and Johnson grass, Sorghum halepense 50. Handcolored copperplate engraving of a botanical illustration from G. T. Wilhelm's "Unterhaltungen aus der Naturgeschichte" (Encyclopedia of Natural History), Augsburg, 1811. Gottlieb Tobias Wilhelm (1758-1811) was a clergyman and naturalist in Augsburg, Bavaria.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860. Walter Hood Fitch Uncinia nervosa Uncinia compacta, This detailed botanical illustration features two species of flowering plants, Uncinia nervosa and Uncinia compacta. The illustration showcases various aspects of each plant, including upright stems adorned with long, slender leaves. The elongated flower spike of Uncinia nervosa is represented, highlighting its distinct structure, while the compact form of Uncinia compacta is depicted alongside it, showcasing its unique floral arrangement. Various stages of growth are illustrated, offering a comprehensive view of the plants, including closed flower buds and fully opened blossoms. Each plant is carefully labeled, providing a clear reference to their scientific nomenclature and characteristics.

Burnet saxifrage, Pimpinella saxifraga. Chromolithograph from Carl Lindman's "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (Pictures of Northern Flora), Stockholm, Wahlström & Widstrand, 1905. Lindman (1856-1928) was Professor of Botany at the Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet). The chromolithographs were based on Johan Wilhelm Palmstruch's "Svensk botanik" (1802-1843).

The botany of the Antarctic, voyage of H.M, discovery, ships, Erebus, and, Terror in, the, Years, 1839-1843, London, Reeve, Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, Brachyglottis brunonis, Centropappus brunonis, An illustration featuring the plant Centropappus brunonis, showcasing its distinctive yellow flowers and elongated green leaves. The main stem displays clusters of vibrant blooms, highlighting the plant's flowering characteristics. Accompanying the central depiction are various detailed sketches of the plants botanical parts, including the flower structures, stamens, and additional floral components, each labeled for clarity. This comprehensive representation serves as a valuable study of the plant's morphology and reproductive structures.

Ergot (Claviceps purpures), left, Wolf's-foot Clubmoss or Groundpine (Lycopodium clavatum), right, medicinal plants, historical chromolithography, circa 1870

Common flax or linseed, Linum usitatissimum. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by F. Guimpel from Dr. Friedrich Gottlob Hayne's Medical Botany, Berlin, 1822. Hayne (1763-1832) was a German botanist, apothecary and professor of pharmaceutical botany at Berlin University.

Quill moss or false fern moss, Cyathophorum bulbosum, native to Australia. Leskea pennata, Hookeria pennata. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Antoine Laurent de Jussieu's Dizionario delle Scienze Naturali, Dictionary of Natural Science, Florence, Italy, 1837. Illustration engraved by F. Plee, drawn and directed by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Coltsfoot, Tussilago farfara. Chromolithograph from Carl Lindman's "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (Pictures of Northern Flora), Stockholm, Wahlström & Widstrand, 1905. Lindman (1856-1928) was Professor of Botany at the Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet). The chromolithographs were based on Johan Wilhelm Palmstruch's "Svensk botanik" (1802-1843).

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, Ophioglossum vulgatum, Botrychium virginianum, dwc:taxonid= urn:lsid:catalogueoflife.org:taxon:25f1f3c9fb7411e68d43bc764e092680:col20170308, The illustration features the plant Botrychium virginianum, commonly known as the Virginia grapefern. It showcases various stages of the plant's growth, including detailed depictions of the root system, young shoots, and mature fern fronds. The botanical details highlight the unique leaf structure with finely divided pinnate segments. Accompanying the illustration are labeled seedlings and cross-sections of the spores, emphasizing the reproductive features of the plant. The overall layout demonstrates the intricacies of this species and its life cycle, making it a valuable reference for botanical studies.

Curtis's Botanical Magazine London, New York Botanical Illustration Botany Periodicals Pictorial Works Plants Ornamental Curtis, The illustration showcases a delicate flowering plant with slender green leaves and small, star-shaped flowers featuring multiple petals. The plant is depicted with a prominent bulb at its base, suggesting its origins as a bulbous species. Accompanying the main illustration are detailed sketches highlighting the flower's structure, including close-ups of the petals and reproductive parts, providing insight into its botanical features. The overall composition blends artistic representation with scientific accuracy, illustrating the intricacies of this particular plant species.

Hairy vetchling (Pisum hirsutum), a medicinal plant, historical chromolithography, about 1796

Barley, Hordeum vulgare. Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Dr. Willibald Artus' Hand-Atlas sammtlicher mediinisch-pharmaceutischer Gewachse, (Handbook of all medical-pharmaceutical plants), Jena, 1876.

Persian manna or tragacanth, Astracantha adscendens (Astragalus adscendens). Chromolithograph after a botanical illustration from Hermann Adolph Koehler's Medicinal Plants, edited by Gustav Pabst, Koehler, Germany, 1887.

Icones plantarum asiaticarum, Calcutta, Bishop's College Press, 1847-54, Asia, Botany, Paspalum, Sacciolepis interrupta, The illustration showcases a diverse collection of botanical studies depicting various species of plants. Arranged in a structured layout, the drawings highlight intricate details of flowers, seed pods, and leaf structures. Each plant is labeled with Roman numerals, indicating different varieties or stages of development. The delicate lines and soft colors bring attention to the unique characteristics of each specimen, emphasizing their natural beauty and complexity. Overall, the composition serves as a scientific exploration of plant morphology, intertwining art with botanical illustration.

The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. London, Reeve Brothers, 1844-1860, Walter Hood Fitch, skirrhophorus eriocephalus, angianthus preissianus, siloxerus multiflorus, pumilo argyrolepis, A scientific illustration featuring various botanical elements. The arrangement showcases detailed drawings of different flower parts and plant structures, including blossoms, buds, and leaves. Each specimen is meticulously labeled and rendered with attention to anatomical details, offering insight into the morphology of the species 'Skirrhoporus eriocephalus' and 'Pumilo argyrolepis.' The illustration serves as a reference for botany enthusiasts and scholars, highlighting the intricate beauty and diversity of plant life.

J. Sturms Flora von Deutschland, Stuttgart, K. G. Lutz, 1900-1907, Germany, flowers, The illustration features a detailed botanical study of the plant Convallaria multiflora, commonly known as the many-flowered Solomon's seal. Central to the depiction is the plant's elongated stems adorned with broad, lance-shaped leaves. The flowers, bell-shaped and arranged in a delicate cluster, are illustrated in various stages of bloom. Additionally, cross-sectional views of the plant's roots and a detailed rendering of the reproductive structures highlight its reproductive anatomy. Each part of the plant is meticulously labeled with letters, providing a comprehensive reference for botanical identification and study. The illustration reflects the intricate beauty of this perennial herb, showcasing both its foliage and floral characteristics.

Compact rush (Juncus conglomeratus), medicinal plant, historical chromolithography, 1796

Horn Chickweed (Minuartia arvensis), medicinal plant, useful plant, chromolithograph, circa 1790

Comfrey, Symphytum officinale. Chromolithograph after a botanical illustration by Walther Muller from Hermann Adolph Koehler's Medicinal Plants, edited by Gustav Pabst, Koehler, Germany, 1887.

Illustrations of the Genus Carex, London, William Pamplin, 1858-1867, Carex, identification, pictorial works, sedge, A scientifically illustrated composition featuring various species of plants and aquatic grasses. The central focus is on tall, slender grass blades adorned with flower clusters, showcasing their delicate structure. Surrounding these prominent features are detailed renderings of different seed forms and botanical components, including various seed heads and leaf shapes. Each element is meticulously labeled, contributing to an educational exploration of plant morphology and diversity. This illustration serves as a valuable resource for understanding the characteristics and classifications of these botanical specimens.

Icones florae Germanicae et Helveticae, simul Pedemontanae, Tirolensis, Istriacae, Dalmaticae, Austriacae, Hungaricae, Transylvanicae, Moravicae, Borussicae, Holsaticae, Belgicae, Hollandicae, ergo Mediae Europae. Lipsiae, F. Hofmeister 1834-1912. v. 1, 1850, Europe, pictorial works, plants, This illustration features various stages and parts of the plant Cyperus esculentus, commonly known as tiger nut or earth almond. The detailed depiction includes the plant's roots, stems, and flowering spikes, highlighted with annotations that describe specific characteristics. Different sections illustrate seed pods and individual seeds, showcasing the plant's reproductive elements. The overall composition emphasizes the structure and botanical details, providing a clear visual reference for identification and study of this species.

Love vine or filiform cassytha, Cassytha filiformis. Parasitic vine native to the West Indies, sent from St. Vincent Island by botanist Rev. Lansdown Guilding. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Joseph Swan after a botanical illustration by William Jackson Hooker from his Exotic Flora, William Blackwood, Edinburgh, 1827.

Hand fern, Ophioderma palmata. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Jussieu's "Dictionary of Natural Science," Florence, Italy, 1837. Engraved by Corsi, drawn by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Thread rush (Juncus filiformis), medicinal plant, useful plant, chromolithograph, 1876

English botany, Coloured figures of British plants, London, R. Hardwicke, 1863-1886, Great Britain, pictorial works, plants, The illustration showcases the various stages of growth and development of the plant species *Scirpus parvulus*, commonly known as the Least Club-rush. It features detailed sketches that highlight the plant's slender green stems, root system, and seed heads. Each stage is carefully labeled, showing the progression from young shoots to mature plants. The depiction serves to illustrate botanical characteristics, emphasizing the unique structure and identification features of *Scirpus parvulus*.

Narrow-leaved lungwort or blue cowslip, Pulmonaria angustifolia. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Jussieu's Dizionario delle Scienze Naturali, Dictionary of Natural Science, Florence, Italy, 1837. Illustration engraved by Devegni, drawn and directed by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Fringed pink, Dianthus superbus, and maiden pink, Dianthus deltoides. Chromolithograph from Carl Lindman's "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (Pictures of Northern Flora), Stockholm, Wahlstrom & Widstrand, 1905. Lindman (1856-1928) was Professor of Botany at the Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet). The chromolithographs were based on Johan Wilhelm Palmstruch's "Svensk botanik," 1802-1843.

Eurasian bee beetle, Trichius fasciatus 1, parasitic roundworms, Trichinella species 2 and Trichocephalus hominis 3, beetle, Trichognathus marginipennis 4, mountain spleenwort fern, Trichomanes montanum (Trichomanes quercifolium) 5. Trichie, Trichine, Trichocephale, Trichognathe, Trichostome. Handcoloured steel engraving by Sibry from Felix-Edouard Guerin-Meneville's Dictionnaire Pittoresque d'Histoire Naturelle (Picturesque Dictionary of Natural History), Paris, 1834-39..

Jimson weed, Datura stramonium. Chromolithograph after a botanical illustration by Walther Muller from Hermann Adolph Koehler's Medicinal Plants, edited by Gustav Pabst, Koehler, Germany, 1887.

Catchfly (Silene vaga), medicinal plant, crop plant, chromolithography, about 1870

Tormentil, Potentilla erecta (Potentilla tormentilla). Handcoloured lithograph by Hanhart after a botanical illustration by David Blair from Robert Bentley and Henry Trimen's Medicinal Plants, London, 1880.

Sand sedge, Carex arenaria. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by F. Guimpel from Dr. Friedrich Gottlob Hayne's Medical Botany, Berlin, 1822. Hayne (1763-1832) was a German botanist, apothecary and professor of pharmaceutical botany at Berlin University.

Dragon's blood palm, Daemonorops draco (Calamus draco). Handcoloured copperplate engraving from Dr. Willibald Artus' Hand-Atlas sammtlicher mediinisch-pharmaceutischer Gewachse, (Handbook of all medical-pharmaceutical plants), Jena, 1876.

Chalice vine, Solandra grandiflora, native to the Americas. Handcoloured copperplate stipple engraving from Jussieu's "Dictionary of Natural Science," Florence, Italy, 1837. Engraved by Corsi, drawn by Pierre Jean-Francois Turpin, and published by Batelli e Figli. Turpin (1775-1840) is considered one of the greatest French botanical illustrators of the 19th century.

Left, Star Sedge or Little Prickly Sedge (Carex echinata), right, Oval Sedge or Eggbract Sedge (Carex leporina), medicinal plants, historical chromolithography, ca. 1786

Bulrush, Typha latifolia. Chromolithograph from Carl Lindman's "Bilder ur Nordens Flora" (Pictures of Northern Flora), Stockholm, Wahlstrom & Widstrand, 1905. Lindman (1856-1928) was Professor of Botany at the Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet). The chromolithographs were based on Johan Wilhelm Palmstruch's "Svensk botanik," 1802-1843.

Curtis's Botanical Magazine, London, New York, botanical illustration, botany, periodicals, pictorial works, plants ornamental, Curtis, The artwork features a botanical illustration of a plant characterized by tall green leaves and clusters of small, bell-shaped blue flowers. The stems rise prominently from a bulbous base, showcasing the plant's structure. Accompanying the main illustration are labeled sketches that detail the various components of the plant, including the flowers, bulb, and seed pods, providing a comprehensive view of its anatomy. The work highlights both the beauty and intricacies of the plant, enhancing the study of botany through its scientific representation.

Gardening techniques: layers and cuttings (Marcottes et Boutures). Handcolored lithograph by Edouard Maubert for Herincq's "Le Regne Vegetal" (1865).

Bog rosemary (Andromeda polifolia, Andromeda rosmarinifolia), medicinal plant, historic chromolithography, about 1796

English, botany, or Coloured figures of British plants, London, R. Hardwicke, 1863-1886, Great Britain, pictorial works, plants, The artwork displays the detailed illustration of the plant species Carex glaucus, highlighting its various features. The central depiction showcases slender green stems topped with elongated, feathery flower spikes. Accompanying the main plant illustration are specific labeled elements: a seed capsule, as well as individual seeds and floral parts, providing a comprehensive view of the plant's anatomy. The precise detailing emphasizes the botanical characteristics, making it a useful reference for identification and study.

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