Astronaut Crew Activities

Photos of astronaut crews engaged in training and mission preparations, donning blue jumpsuits, showcasing teamwork in controlled environments.

STS-13 (41-C) CREW PHOTO: L TO R: COMMANDER CRIPPEN, ROBERT-L; MISSIONS SPECIALISTS HART, TERRY-J.; VAN-HOFTEN, JAMES-D; AND NELSON, GEORGE-D.; PILOT SCOBEE, FRANCIS-R. (DICK)

S97-00247 (15 Dec. 1996) --- The STS-81 mission flight crew poses outside the hatch of the space shuttle Atlantis at Launch Pad 39B during a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT). The TCDT represents a simulated final countdown rehearsal that ends just before main engine ignition. The actual launch is now scheduled for Jan. 12, 1997. Pictured (from the left) are astronauts Michael A. Baker, Marsha S. Ivins, Jerry M. Linenger, John M. Grunsfeld, Peter J.K. (Jeff) Wisoff, and Brent W. Jett Jr.

As part of Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities, the STS-103 crew inspect the "white room," an environmentally controlled chamber at the end of the orbiter access arm through which the crew enters the orbiter. Standing from left to right are Mission Specialists C. Michael Foale (Ph.D.), Claude Nicollier of Switzerland, Jean-François Clervoy of France, John M. Grunsfeld (Ph.D.), Commander Curtis L. Brown Jr., Mission Specialist Steven L. Smith, and Pilot Scott J. Kelly. Clervoy and Nicollier are with the European Space Agency. The TCDT provides the crew with the emergency egress training, opportunities to inspect their mission payloads in the orbiter's payload bay, and simulated countdown exercises. STS-103 is a "call-up" mission due to the need to replace and repair portions of the Hubble Space Telescope, including the gyroscopes that allow the telescope to point at stars, galaxies and planets. The STS-103 crew will be replacing a Fine Guidance Sensor, an older compu

Five astronauts composed the crew of the STS-26 mission. Pictured in the portrait (left to right) are David C. Hilmer, mission specialist; Richard O. Covey, pilot; George D. Nelson, mission specialist; Frederick H. Hauck, Jr., commander; and John, M. Lounge, mission specialist. Launched aboard the Space Shuttle Orbiter Discovery, liftoff occurred on September 29, 1988 at 11 37am (EDT). This was the 7th flight of the Orbiter Discovery, and the return to flight after the STS-51L mission accident. The primary payload was the NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite-3 (TDRS-3).

STS-13 (41-C) CREW PHOTO: L TO R: COMMANDER CRIPPEN, ROBERT-L; MISSIONS SPECIALISTS HART, TERRY-J.; VAN-HOFTEN, JAMES-D; AND NELSON, GEORGE-D.; PILOT SCOBEE, FRANCIS-R. (DICK)

These five NASA astronauts were the crew members for the STS-69 mission that launched aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour September 7, 1995. Pictured on the front row (left to right) are David M. Walker, mission commander; and Kenneth D. Cockrell, pilot. On the back row (left to right) are Michael L. Gernhardt and James H. Newman, both mission specialists; and James S. Voss, payload commander. The missions two primary payloads included the Spartan 201-3 and Wake Shield Facility-2 (WSF-2).

STS097-313-001 (8 December 2000)--- When the five STS-97 astronauts paid a visit to the three Expedition 1 crew members onboard the International Space Station (ISS), they all posed for a traditional in-flight portrait, albeit for the first time in the Zvezda Service Module. On the front row are (left to right) astronauts Brent W. Jett, Jr., STS-97 commander; William M. Shepherd, Expedition 1 mission commander; and Joseph R. Tanner, STS-97 mission specialist. On the second row are (from the left) cosmonaut Sergei K. Krikalev, Expedition 1 flight engineer; astronaut Carlos I. Noriega, STS-97 mission specialist; cosmonaut Yuri P. Gidzenko, Expedition 1 Soyuz commander; and astronaut Michael J. Bloomfield, STS-97 pilot. Behind them is astronaut Marc Garneau, STS-97 mission specialist representing the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). Krikalev and Gidzenko represent the Russian Aviation and Space Agency.

STS097-S-002 (November 1999) --- These five astronauts are in training for the STS-97 mission, scheduled to be launched next year aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour for a working visit to the International Space Station (ISS). Astronauts Brent W. Jett (front right) and Michael J. Bloomfield (front left) are commander and pilot, respectively. Flanked by those two is astronaut Marc Garneau, mission specialist representing the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). In the rear are astronauts Carlos I. Noriega (left) and Joseph R. Tanner, both mission specialists. Noriega and Tanner are wearing training versions of the extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) spacesuits they'll be wearing for spacewalking chores during the flight.

51I-07-015 (4-5 Sept 1985) --- All five STS 51-I crewmembers pose with one of two extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) spacesuits used by Astronauts van Hoften and Fisher on their two-day EVA.

S89-28536 (March 1989) --- These five astronauts have been assigned to fly aboard Atlantis for the STS-30 mission. Astronaut David M. Walker, standing at left, is mission commander. Others are, left to right, Astronauts Ronald J. Grabe, pilot; Norman E. Thagard, Mary L. Cleave and Mark C. Lee, all mission specialists.

The official STS-38 crew portrait includes the following 5 astronauts (front left to right) Frank L. Culbertson, pilot; and Richard O. Covey, commander. Standing (left to right) are mission specialists (MS) Charles D. (Sam) Gemar, (MS-3), Robert C. Springer, (MS-1), and Carl J. Meade, (MS-2). The seventh mission dedicated to the Department of Defense (DOD), the STS-38 crew launched aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis on November 15, 1990 at 6 48 15 pm (EST).

Six astronauts and a Russian cosmonaut comprised the STS-101 mission that launched aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis on May 19, 2000 at 5 11 am (CDT). Seated in front are astronauts James D. Halsell (right), mission commander; and Scott J. Horowitz, pilot. Others, from the left, are Mary Ellen Weber, Jeffrey N. Williams, Yury V. Usachev, James S. Voss and Susan J. Helms, all mission specialists. Usachev represents the Russian Space Agency (RSA). The crew of the STS- 101 mission refurbished and replaced components in both the Zarya and Unity modules, with top priority being the Zarya module.

STS074-S-002(August 1995) --- These five NASA astronauts including one Canadian are in training for the STS-74 mission of the Space Shuttle Atlantis, scheduled later this year. Astronauts Kenneth D. Cameron (front right) and James D. Halsell Jr. (front left) are commander and pilot, respectively, for the flight. On the back row, left to right, are astronauts William McArthur Jr., Jerry L Ross and Chris A. Hadfield, all mission specialists. Hadfield is an international mission specialist representing the Canadian Space Agency (CSA).

S68-53187 (1 Nov. 1968) --- The prime crew of the Apollo 8 lunar orbit mission stands beside the gondola in Building 29 after suiting up for centrifuge training in the Manned Spacecraft Center's (MSC) Flight Acceleration Facility (FAF). Left to right, are astronauts William A. Anders, lunar module pilot; James A. Lovell Jr., command module pilot; and Frank Borman, commander.

STS073-S-002 (July 1995) --- These five astronauts and two United States Microgravity Laboratory (USML) payload specialists pause from a rigid training schedule for the STS-73 crew portrait. On the front row, left to right, are Albert Sacco Jr., payload specialist; Kent V. Rominger, pilot; Michael E. Lopez-Alegria, mission specialist. On the back row are, left to right, Catherine G. Coleman, mission specialist; Kenneth D. Bowersox, commander; Fred W. Leslie, payload specialist; and Kathryn C. Thornton, payload commander.

Five astronauts composed the STS-30 crew. Pictured (left to right) are Ronald J. Grabe, pilot; David M. Walker, commander; and mission specialists Norman E. Thagard, Mary L. Cleave, and Mark C. Lee. The STS-30 mission launched aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis on May 4, 1989 at 2 46 59pm (EDT). The primary payload was the Magellan/Venus Radar mapper spacecraft and attached Inertial Upper Stage (IUS).

The crew assigned to the STS-75 mission included (seated left to right) Scott J. Horowiz, pilot; Andrew M. Allen, commander; and Franklin R. Chang-Diaz, mission specialist. Standing, left to right, are Maurizio Cheli, mission specialist of the European Space Agency (ESA); Umberto Guidoni, payload specialist (Italy); Jeffrey A. Hoffman, mission specialist; and Claude Nicollier, mission specialist (ESA). Launched aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia on February 22, 1996 at 3 18 00 pm (EST), the STS-75 mission carried two primary payloads; the reflight of the U.S./Italian Tethered Satellite System (TSS-1R), and the U.S. Microgravity Payload-3 (USMP-3).

ISS006-E-10835 (19 December 2002) --- The Expedition Six crewmembers pose for a crew photo in the Zvezda Service Module on the International Space Station (ISS). From the left are cosmonaut Nikolai M. Budarin, flight engineer; astronauts Kenneth D. Bowersox, mission commander; and Donald R. Pettit, NASA ISS science officer. Budarin represents Rosaviakosmos. The photo was taken with a pre-set digital still camera.

JOHNSON SPACE CENTER, HOUSTON, TEXAS. -- (STS113-S-002) -- These four astronauts are in training for the STS-113 mission, scheduled this autumn to take up the sixth crew to the International Space Station (ISS) and bring back the members of the fifth expedition, as well as perform a variety of other duties. In front are astronauts James D. Wetherbee (right) and Paul S. Lockhart, commander and pilot, respectively. Attired in training versions of the extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) space suits are astronauts Michael E. Lopez-Alegria (left) and John B. Herrington, both mission specialists.

S68-50265 (13 Nov. 1968) --- These three astronauts are the prime crew of the Apollo 8 lunar orbit mission. Left to right, are James A. Lovell Jr., command module pilot; William A. Anders, lunar module pilot; and Frank Borman, commander. They are standing beside the Apollo Mission Simulator at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC).

(December 1970) --- These three astronauts are the prime crew of the Apollo 14 lunar landing mission. Left to right, are Edgar D. Mitchell, lunar module pilot; Alan B. Shepard Jr., commander; and Stuart A. Roosa, command module pilot. The Apollo 14 emblem is in the background.

(September 1992) --- These five astronauts have been assigned to fly aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery for the mission, scheduled for launch in November of this year. Pictured are, left to right (front), Guion Bluford and James Voss, mission specialists; and (back row) David Walker, mission commander; Robert Cabana, pilot and Michael R. U. Rich Clifford, mission specialist..

S85-36062 (1 July 1985) --- These five NASA astronauts make up the crew for the mission STS-51I, scheduled for launch in August of this year. Taking a break from rehearsals in the crew compartment trainer in the Shuttle Mockup and Integration Laboratory at JSC are astronauts Joe H. Engle (front left), crew commander; Richard O. Covey (front right), pilot; and (back row, left-to-right) astronauts James D. van Hoften, John M. (Mike) Lounge and William F. Fisher -- all mission specialists.

STS048-S-002 (August 1991) --- These five astronauts have been assigned to NASA's mission, scheduled for September. Astronaut John O. Creighton, center, is mission commander. Astronaut Kenneth S. Reightler Jr. (right front) will be pilot for the flight aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery. Mission specialists are Mark N. Brown (left, front row) and (left to right, back row) Charles D. (Sam) Gemar and James F. Buchli.

The STS-91 flight crew poses for a group portrait in the white room on the Orbiter Access Arm at Launch Complex 39A during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities. The TCDT is held at KSC prior to each Space Shuttle flight to provide crews with an opportunity to participate in simulated countdown activities. From left to right, they are (back row) Pilot Dominic Gorie; Mission Specialist Wendy B. Lawrence and Mission Commander Charles Precourt; and (front row) Mission Specialists Franklin Chang-Diaz, Ph.D.; Valery Ryumin, with the Russian Space Agency; and Janet Kavandi, Ph.D. STS-91 is scheduled to be launched on June 2 with a launch window opening around 6:10 p.m. EDT. The mission will feature the ninth Shuttle docking with the Russian Space Station Mir, the first Mir docking for Discovery, the conclusion of Phase I of the joint U.S.-Russian International Space Station Program, and the first flight of the new Space Shuttle super lightweight external tank. Andrew Thomas

Unofficial group photo of the STS-61A Crew and Ulf Merbold, Bldg. 9A; and, 1-G Trainer Cockpit. JSC, HOUSTON, TX Also available in 4x5 BW

S97-17660 MIR-25 CREW PORTRAIT --- This portrait made in Russia of the Mir-25 crew. From the left are astronaut Andrew S. W. Thomas, cosmonaut guest researcher; cosmonaut Talgat A. Musabayev, flight engineer; and cosmonaut Nikolai Budarin, commander. Not pictured is French astronaut Leopold Eyharts, who will join this crew in mid-February 1998.

The crew assigned to the STS-51D mission included (front left to right) Karol J. Bobko, commander; Donald E. Williams, pilot; M. Rhea Seddon, mission specialist; and Jeffrey A. Hoffman, mission specialist. On the back row, left to right, are S. David Griggs, mission specialist; and payload specialists Charles D. Walker, and E. Jake Garn (Republican Utah Senator). Launched aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery on April 12, 1985 at 8 59 05 am (EST), the STS-51D missions primary payloads were the TELESAT-1 (ANIK-C) communications satellite and the SYNCOM IV-3 (also known as LEASAT-3).

S72-16660 (January 1972) --- These three astronauts have been selected by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

STS079-S-002 (May 1996) --- In various venues, these seven astronauts have been in training for several months for the different phases of the STS-79 mission scheduled for launch in August, 1996. Front row, left to right, are astronauts Jerome (Jay) Apt, mission specialist; Terrence W. Wilcutt, pilot; William F. Readdy, mission commander; Thomas D. Akers and Carl E. Walz, both mission specialists. On the back row are astronauts Shannon W. Lucid and John E. Blaha, both mission specialists. Lucid is currently aboard Russias Mir Space Station, having been delivered there by the Space Shuttle Atlantis crew of STS-76 in March, 1996. She will return to Earth with this crew, while Blaha will launch with this crew and remain onboard Mir for a subsequent tour of duty as a cosmonaut guest researcher.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - The STS-125 crew gathers around the hatch into space shuttle Atlantis on Launch Pad 39A at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. From left are Commander Scott Altman, Mission Specialists Michael Good (above), Andrew Feustel, Megan McArthur and Mike Massimino, Pilot Gregory C. Johnson and Mission Specialist John Grunsfeld. The crew is at Kennedy to take part in terminal countdown demonstration test, or TCDT, activities before launching on space shuttle Atlantis mission to service NASAs Hubble Space Telescope. TCDT provides astronauts and ground crews with an opportunity to participate in various simulated countdown activities, including equipment familiarization, emergency training and a simulated launch countdown. Atlantis is targeted to launch Oct. 10.

The crew of the Apollo 15 Mission at the Manned Spacecraft Centre, Houston, Texas, 1971.Artist: NASA

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- The STS-91 flight crew visits Launch Pad 39A from which they are scheduled to be launched aboard Space Shuttle Discovery on June 2 around 6:10 p.m. EDT. From left to right, they are Mission Specialists Franklin Chang-Diaz, Ph.D.; Janet Kavandi, Ph.D.; Valery Ryumin, with the Russian Space Agency; Mission Commander Charles Precourt; Pilot Dominic Gorie; and Mission Specialist Wendy B. Lawrence. STS-91 will feature the ninth Shuttle docking with the Russian Space Station Mir, the first Mir docking for Discovery, the conclusion of Phase I of the joint U.S.-Russian International Space Station Program, and the first flight of the new Space Shuttle super lightweight external tank. Andrew Thomas, Ph.D., will be returning to Earth with the crew after living more than four months aboard Mir

The crew assigned to the STS-51J mission included (seated left to right) Robert L. Stewart, mission specialist; Karol J. Bobko, commander; and Ronald J. Grabe, pilot. On the back row, left to right, are mission specialists David C. Hilmers, and Major Willliam A, Pailles (USAF). Launched aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis on October 3, 1985 at 11 15 30 am (EDT), the STS-51J mission was the second mission dedicated to the Department of Defense (DOD).

STS072-S-002 (August 1995) --- These six astronauts are in training for their mission scheduled aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour later this year. Astronauts Brian Duffy (right front) and Brent W. Jett (left front) are mission commander and pilot, respectively. Mission specialists (back row, left to right) are Winston E. Scott, Leroy Chiao, Koichi Wakata and Daniel T. Barry. Wakata is an international mission specialist representing Japans National Space Development Agency (NASDA) based at the Johnson Space Center (JSC).

Photo Date: January 15, 2010Location: B8, Room 272 - Photo StudioSubject: STS-134 Official Crew Portrait

HOUSTON, Texas -- STS119-S-002: Attired in training versions of their shuttle launch and entry suits, these seven astronauts take a break from training to pose for the STS-119 crew portrait. From the right (front row) are NASA astronauts Lee Archambault, commander, and Tony Antonelli, pilot. From the left (back row) are NASA astronauts Joseph Acaba, John Phillips, Steve Swanson, Richard Arnold and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Koichi Wakata, all mission specialists. Wakata is scheduled to join Expedition 18 as flight engineer after launching to the International Space Station on STS-119.

STS066-56-015 (3-14 Nov 1994) --- On the Space Shuttle Atlantis' flight deck, the six crew members pose for the traditional in-flight crew portrait. They include, left to right in lower frame, astronauts Joseph R. Tanner, mission specialist; Donald R. McMonagle, mission commander; Scott E. Parazynski, mission specialist; and Curtis L. Brown, pilot. Floating at top frame are Ellen Ochoa, payload commander; and Jean-François Clervoy, mission specialist, representing the European Space Agency (ESA).

JOHNSON SPACE CENTER, HOUSTON, TEXAS - STS114-S-002-- These seven astronauts take a break from training to pose for the STS-114 crew portrait. In front are astronauts Eileen M. Collins (right), commander; Wendy B. Lawrence (center), mission specialist; and James M. Kelly (left), pilot. In back (left to right) are astronauts Stephen K. Robinson, Andrew S. W. Thomas, Charles J. Camarda and Soichi Noguchi, all mission specialists. Noguchi represents Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).

S89-25082 (January 1989) --- Space shuttle Discovery will be manned by these five astronauts when it makes it second flight within a five-month period next month. The STS-29 crew members are (front row), Michael L. Coats (right), commander; and John E. Blaha, pilot; (left to right back row) James P. Bagian, Robert C. Springer and James F. Buchli, mission specialists.

Crew of Apollo 15

Crew of STS- 51 Challenger

S69-34385 (13 May 1969) --- These three astronauts are the prime crew of the Apollo 10 lunar orbit mission. Left to right, are Eugene A. Cernan, lunar module pilot; John W. Young, command module pilot; and Thomas P. Stafford, commander. In the background is the Apollo 10 space vehicle on Pad B, Launch Complex 39, Kennedy Space Center, Florida.

Onboard Space Shuttle Columbia (STS-50) crewmembers rally around the American flag in the United States Microgravity Laboratory-1 (USML-1). Pictured are (from top, left to right) pilot Kerneth D. Bowersox; payload specialist Lawrence J. Delucas; commander Richard N. Richards; payload commander Bonnie J. Dunbar; mission specialists Carl J. Meade and Ellen S. Baker; and payload specialist Eugene H. Trinh.

S69-38992 (September 1969) --- These three astronauts have been named by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

STS106-S-002 (June 2000) --- Five NASA astronauts and two cosmonauts representing the Russian Aviation and Space Agency take a break in training from their scheduled September 2000 visit to the International Space Station. Astronauts Terrence W. Wilcutt (right front) and Scott D. Altman (left front) are mission commander and pilot, respectively, for the mission. On the back row are the mission specialists. They are (from left) cosmonaut Boris V. Morukov, along with astronauts Richard A. Mastracchio, Edward T. Lu and Daniel C. Burbank and cosmonaut Yuri I. Malenchenko. Morukov and Malenchenko represent the Russian Aviation and Space Agency.

These five STS-97 crew members posed for a traditional portrait during training. On the front row, left to right, are astronauts Michael J. Bloomfield, pilot; Marc Garneau, mission specialist representing the Canadian Space Agency (CSA); and Brent W. Jett, Jr., commander. In the rear, wearing training versions of the extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) space suits, (left to right) are astronauts Carlos I. Noriega, and Joseph R. Tarner, both mission specialists. The primary objective of the STS-97 mission was the delivery, assembly, and activation of the U.S. electrical power system onboard the International Space Station (ISS). The electrical power system, which is built into a 73-meter (240-foot) long solar array structure consists of solar arrays, radiators, batteries, and electronics. The entire 15.4-metric ton (17-ton) package is called the P6 Integrated Truss Segment and is the heaviest and largest element yet delivered to the station aboard a space shuttle. The electrical system w

At Launch Pad 39-B, (far right) STS-95 Payload Specialist John H. Glenn Jr., senator from Ohio, responds to one of the many questions he was asked about the mission and training by reporters during a brief break from the Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT). Amused with his answer are other crew members (from left) Mission Specialist Scott E. Parazynski, Mission Specialist Stephen K. Robinson, who also serves as Payload Commander, Pilot Steven W. Lindsey, Mission Commander Curtis L. Brown, Mission Specialist Pedro Duque of Spain, representing the European Space Agency (ESA), and Chiaki Mukai, representing the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA). The crew were at the pad for emergency egress training after the break. The TCDT also involves mission familiarization activities and a simulated main engine cut-off exercise. The STS-95 mission, targeted for liftoff on Oct. 29, includes research payloads such as the Spartan solar-observing deployable spacecraft, the Hubb

On November 22, 1989, at 7 23 30pm (EST), 5 astronauts were launched into space aboard the Space Shuttle Orbiter Discovery for the 5th Department of Defense mission, STS-33. Photographed from left to right are Kathryn C. Thornton, mission specialist 3; Manley L. (Sonny) Carter, mission specialist 2; Frederick D. Gregory, commander; John E. Blaha, pilot; and F. Story Musgrave, mission specialist 1.

STS-83 Payload Specialist Gregory T. Linteris, Mission Specialist Janice E. Voss, and Payload Specialist Roger K. Crouch participate in emergency egress training at Launch Complex 39A during the crew's Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT). They are seen here in one of the pads' seven slidewire baskets..

The STS-101 crew show their joy and eagerness to begin their mission as they had to the Astrovan for the trip to Launch Pad 39A and the fourth attempt at launch of Space Shuttle Atlantis. In their orange launch and entry suits, they are (left to right) Mission Specialists Susan J. Helms, Yury Usachev of Russia, James S. Voss, Mary Ellen Weber, Jeffrey N. Williams; Pilot Scott Doc” Horowitz; and Commander James D. Halsell Jr. The mission will take the crew to the International Space Station to deliver logistics and supplies and to prepare the Station for the arrival of the Zvezda Service Module, expected to be launched by Russia in July 2000. Also, the crew will conduct one space walk and will reboost the space station from 230 statute miles to 250 statute miles. This will be the third assembly flight to the Space Station. Liftoff of Space Shuttle Atlantis for the 10-day mission is scheduled for about 6:11 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39A. Landing is targeted for May 29 at 2:19 a.m. EDT

STS-47 crew leaves KSC's O&C Building on their way to Launch Complex 39.

41G-19-006 (5-13 Oct. 1984) --- The seven-member 41-G crew assembles for a group shot on the flight deck of the Earth-orbiting space shuttle Challenger. Robert L. Crippen, commander, is in center of the back row. Others pictured are (front row, l.-r.) Jon A. McBride, pilot; Sally K. Ride, Kathryn D. Sullivan and David C. Leestma, all mission specialists; and Paul D. Scully-Power (left) and Marc Garneau, both payload specialists, on the back row. Garneau represents the National Research Council of Canada and Scully-Power is a civilian oceanographer with the U.S. Navy.

After suiting up for their practice countdown exercise, STS-93 crew members wave to onlookers as they head for the bus outside the Operations and Checkout Building for the trip to Launch Pad 39B. From rear left are Mission Specialists Michel Tognini of France, who represents the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), and Catherine G. Coleman (Ph.D.), Pilot Jeffrey S. Ashby, Mission Specialist Steven A. Hawley (Ph.D.), and Commander Eileen M. Collins. Collins is the first woman to serve as a Shuttle commander. The crew members have been taking part in a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test, which familiarizes them with the mission, provides training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and includes a launch-day dress rehearsal culminating with a simulated main engine cut-off. The primary mission of STS-93 is the release of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which will allow scientists from around the world to obtain unprecedented X-ray images of exotic environments in spa

ISS005-E-17447 (13 October 2002) --- The Expedition Five and STS-112 crews assemble for a group photo in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS). From the left, front row, are astronaut Peggy A. Whitson, Expedition Five flight engineer; cosmonauts Valery G. Korzun and Sergei Y. Treschev, Expedition Five mission commander and flight engineer, respectively. From the left, back row, are astronauts David A. Wolf, Sandra H. Magnus, both STS-112 mission specialists; Pamela A. Melroy, Jeffrey S. Ashby, STS-112 pilot and mission commander, respectively; Piers J. Sellers and cosmonaut Fyodor N. Yurchikhin, both STS-112 mission specialists. Korzun, Treschev and Yurchikhin represent Rosaviakosmos.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- On the launch pad, the STS-108 crew and Expedition 4 crew pause for a photo during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities, which include emergency exit from the launch pad and a simulated launch countdown. From left are STS-108 Commander Dominic L. Gorie, Pilot Mark E. Kelly, and Mission Specialists Daniel M. Tani and Linda A. Godwin; and Expedition 4 crew Daniel W. Bursch, Commander Yuri Onufrienko and Carl E. Walz. STS-108 is a Utilization Flight that will carry the replacement Expedition 4 crew to the International Space Station, as well as the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module Raffaello, filled with supplies and equipment. The l1-day mission is scheduled for launch Nov. 29 on Space Shuttle Endeavour

S68-33744 (22 May 1968) --- The prime crew of the first manned Apollo space mission, Apollo 7 (Spacecraft 101/Saturn 205), left to right, are astronauts Donn F. Eisele, command module pilot, Walter M. Schirra Jr., commander; and Walter Cunningham, lunar module pilot.

The STS-7 / Challenger crew who preformed the first satellite deployment: Robert Crippen (Commander), Frederick Hauck - John Fabian Sally Ride & Norman Thagard Date: 1983

Crew of Apollo 14

Expedition 33/34 crew members, NASA Astronaut and Flight Engineer Kevin Ford, seated left, Russian Cosmonaut and Soyuz Commander Oleg Novitskiy, and Russian Cosmonaut and Flight Engineer Evgeny Tarelkin, seated right, pose for a photograph with backup crew members, NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy, standing left, Russian cosmonaut Pavel Vinogradov and Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin, standing right shortly after having had their Russian Sokol suits pressure checked ahead of their launch onboard a Soyuz TMA-06M spacecraft to the International Space Station, Tuesday, October 23, 2012, in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket will send Ford, Novitskiy and Tarelkin on a five-month mission aboard the International Space Station.

The STS-42 crew portrait includes from left to right Stephen S. Oswald, pilot; Roberta L. Bondar, payload specialist 1; Norman E. Thagard, mission specialist 1; Ronald J. Grabe, commander; David C. Hilmers, mission specialist 2; Ulf D. Merbold, payload specialist 2; and William F. Readdy, mission specialist 3. Launched aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery on January 22, 1992 at 9 52 33 am (EST), the STS-42 served as the International Microgravity Laboratory-1 (ML-1 ) mission.

JOHNSON SPACE CENTER, Houston - STS128-S-002 (30 Jan. 2009) --- Attired in training versions of their shuttle launch and entry suits, these seven astronauts take a break from training to pose for the STS-128 crew portrait. Seated are NASA astronauts Rick Sturckow (right), commander; and Kevin Ford, pilot. From the left (standing) are astronauts Jose Hernandez, John "Danny" Olivas, Nicole Stott, European Space Agency's Christer Fuglesang and Patrick Forrester, all mission specialists. Stott is scheduled to join Expedition 20 as flight engineer after launching to the International Space Station on STS-128.

(August 1973) --- These three men are the prime crewmen for the Skylab 4 mission. Pictured in their flight suits with a globe and a model of the Skylab space station are, left to right, astronaut Gerald P. Carr, commander; scientist-astronaut Edward G. Gibson, science pilot; and astronaut William R. Pogue, pilot.

STS047-12-002 (12 - 20 Sept 1992) --- The crew members assemble for their traditional in-flight portrait in this 35mm frame photographed in the Science Module aboard the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Endeavour. Left to right (front) are N. Jan Davis, Mark C. Lee and Mamoru Mohri; and (rear) Curtis L. Brown, Jr., Jerome (Jay) Apt, Robert L. Gibson and Mae C. Jemison. The seven spent eight days in space in support of the Spacelab-J mission.

STS060-31-028 (3-11 Feb. 1994) --- Five NASA astronauts and a Russian cosmonaut squeeze through the tunnel which connects the shirt-sleeve environments of the space shuttle Discovery and the SPACEHAB module. SPACEHAB is located in the spacecrafts payload bay. Charles F. Bolden Jr., mission commander, is at upper right. Others, clockwise from the commander, are Ronald M. Sega and N. Jan Davis, both mission specialists; Franklin R. Chang-Diaz, payload commander; cosmonaut Sergei K. Krikalev, mission specialist; and Kenneth S. Reightler Jr., pilot. The six spent eight days in Earth orbit.

61B-21-008 (26 Nov-1 Dec 1985) --- A fish-eye lens allows for the seven-member STS 61-B crew to be photographed on the flight deck of the earth-orbiting Atlantis. Left to right, back row, are astronauts Jerry L. Ross, Brewster Shaw Jr., Mary L. Cleave, and Bryan D. O'Connor; and payload specialist Rodolfo Neri. Front row, left to right, payload specialist Charles D. Walker and astronaut Sherwood C. Spring.

STS047-09-009 (12 - 20 Sept 1992) --- The seven crew members sharing eight days of research in support of Spacelab-J pose for the traditional inflight portrait in the Science Module. Pictured, left to right, back row, are Robert L. Gibson, mission commander; and Curtis L. Brown, Jr., pilot; middle row, N. Jan Davis, Jerome (Jay) Apt and Mae C. Jemison, all mission specialists; and front row, Mark C. Lee, payload commander, and Mamoru Mohri, payload specialist representing Japan's National Space Development Agency (NASDA).

STS061-05-031 (2-13 Dec 1993) --- With the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) berthed in Endeavour's cargo bay, crew members for the STS-61 mission pause for a crew portrait on the flight deck. Left to right are F. Story Musgrave, Richard O. Covey, Claude Nicollier, Jeffrey A. Hoffman, Kenneth D. Bowersox, Kathryn C. Thornton and Thomas D. Akers.

S89-45735 (Sept 1989) --- Five astronauts take a break from training for NASA's STS-34 mission to pose for a photo in the crew compartment trainer (CCT) in the Shuttle mockup and integration lab at JSC. Left to right are Astronauts Michael J. McCulley, pilot; Shannon W. Lucid, Franklin R. Chang-Diaz and Ellen S. Baker, all mission specialists; and Donald E. Williams, mission commander. They are wearing the orange partial pressure suits for the ascent and entry phase of flight. Their launch aboard the Atlantis is scheduled for Oct. 12. The photograph was made by Bill Bowers, a crew trainer at JSC.

JSC2007-E-098010 (8 Nov. 2007) --- "Look, I'm seeing double," European Space Agency astronaut Paolo Nespoli appears to be saying as he points toward a life size photo cutout (out of frame) of astronaut Clay Anderson, seated to his right, during the Discovery crew's Nov. 8 welcome home ceremony at Houston's Ellington Field.The two mission specialists were joined by their five STS-120 crewmates on the stage of Ellington's hangars.

Expedition 43 Russian Cosmonauts Mikhail Kornienko, left, Gennady Padalka of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), and, NASA Astronaut Scott Kelly take a moment during their Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft fit check to pose for a photograph, Sunday, March 15, 2015 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. The trio are preparing for launch to the International Space Station in their Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan March 28, Kazakh time. As the one-year crew, Kelly and Kornienko will return to Earth on Soyuz TMA-18M in March 2016.

STS048-21-04 (15 Sept 1991) --- The five astronauts pose on the Space Shuttle Discovery's middeck for the traditional in-flight crew portrait. Astronaut John O. Creighton, mission commander, is at center. Others are (front row, left to right) Kenneth S. Reightler, pilot; and James F. Buchli, mission specialist; and (rear row, left to right) astronauts Mark N. Brown and Charles D. (Sam) Gemar, both mission specialists. The image was photographed with a pre-set 35mm camera.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. - Following the landing of mission STS-105, from left, Mission Specialist Daniel Barry, Commander Scott "Doc" Horowitz, and Pilot Frederick "Rick" Sturckow give a thumbs up in front of Space Shuttle Discovery on KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility runway 15, as post-landing safing operations continue on the orbiter. Main gear touchdown was at 2:22:58 p.m. EDT; wheel stop, at 2:24:06 p.m. EDT. The 11-day, 21-hour, 12-minute STS-105 mission accomplished the goals set for the 11th flight to the International Space Station: swapout of the resident Station crew; delivery of equipment, supplies and scientific experiments; and installation of the Early Ammonia Servicer and heater cables for the S0 truss on the Station. Discovery traveled 4.3 million miles on its 30th flight into space, the 106th mission of the Space Shuttle program. Out of five missions in 2001, the landing was the first to occur in daylight at KSC.

These seven astronauts took a break from training to pose for the STS-120 crew portrait. Pictured from the left are astronauts Scott E. Parazynski, Douglas H. Wheelock, Stephanie D. Wilson, all mission specialists; George D. Zamka, pilot; Pamela A. Melroy, commander; Daniel M. Tani, Expedition 16 flight engineer; and Paolo A. Nespoli, mission specialist representing the European Space Agency (ESA). The crew members were attired in training versions of their shuttle launch and entry suits. Tani joined Expedition 16 as flight engineer after launching to the International Space Station (ISS) and is scheduled to return home on mission STS-122. STS-120 launched October 23, 2007 with the main objectives of installing the U.S. Node 2, Harmony, and the relocation and deployment of the P6 truss to its permanent location.

STS103-397-035 (19 - 27 December 1999) --- The seven astronauts aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery for NASA's third servicing visit to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) pose for the traditional inflight crew portrait.In front are, from left, astronauts Claude Nicollier, Scott J. Kelly and John M. Grunsfeld. Behind them areastronauts Steven L. Smith, C. Michael Foale, Curtis L. Brown, Jr., and Jean-Francois Clervoy. Nicollier and Clervoy are astronauts from the European Space Agency (ESA).

STAR CITY, RUSSIA - Expedition Six Flight Engineer Nikolai Budarin (left), Commander Ken Bowersox (center), and NASA ISS Science Officer Don Pettit (right) pose for photos at a Press Conference at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia. The Expedition Six crew spent 161 days in space, 159 manning the International Space Station.

JOHNSON SPACE CENTER, Houston, Texas -- -- STS065(S)002 -- STS-65 Official Crew Portrait --- Six NASA astronauts and a Japanese payload specialist take a break from STS-65 training to pose for their crew portrait. Left to right are Richard J. Hieb, Leroy Chiao, James D. Halsell Jr., Robert D. Cabana, Dr. Chiaki Mukai, Donald A. Thomas and Carl E. Walz. Cabana is mission commander, and Halsell has been assigned as pilot. Hieb is payload commander, with Walz, Thomas and Chiao serving as mission specialists. Dr. Mukai represents the National Space Development Agency (NASDA) of Japan as payload specialist on the International Microgravity Laboratory (IML) mission.

STS054-S-002 (August 1992) --- The five NASA astronauts assigned to fly aboard the space shuttle Endeavour for the mission pose for a crew portrait on the flight deck. Left to right are astronauts Mario Runco, mission specialist; John H. Casper, commander; Donald R. McMonagle, pilot; and mission specialists Susan J. Helms and Gregory J. Harbaugh.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- STS-106 Mission Specialists stand in a slide wire basket at the foot of Launch Pad 39-B. Pictured from left are Daniel C. Burbank, Boris V. Morukov and Yuri I. Malenchenko. Malenchenko and Morukov are with the Russian Aviation and Space Agency. The flight crew were at Kennedy Space Center to take part in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities. The TCDT provides the crew with emergency egress training and opportunities to inspect their mission payload in the orbiters payload bay. STS-106 is scheduled to launch Sept. 8, 2000, at 8:31 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39B. On the 11-day mission, the seven-member crew will perform support tasks on orbit, transfer supplies and prepare the living quarters in the newly arrived Zvezda Service Module. The first long-duration crew, dubbed “Expedition One,” is due to arrive at the Station in late fall

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- The STS-85 flight crew members pose at the 195-foot level of Launch Pad 39A with the Space Shuttle Discovery in the background during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities for that mission. They are (from left): Mission Specialist Stephen K. Robinson; Payload Specialist Bjarni V. Tryggvason; Mission Specialist Robert L. Curbeam, Jr.; Payload Commander N. Jan Davis; Commander Curtis L. Brown, Jr.; and Pilot Kent V. Rominger. The primary payload aboard the Space Shuttle orbiter Discovery is the Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere-2 (CRISTA-SPAS-2). Other STS-85 payloads include the Manipulator Flight Demonstration (MFD), and Technology Applications and Science-1 (TAS-1) and International Extreme Ultraviolet Hitchhiker-2 (IEH-2) experiments.

STS100-S-002 (March 2001) --- These international astronauts and cosmonaut have been in training in a number of venues for the April 2001 visit to the International Space Station (ISS). Seated are astronauts Kent V. Rominger (left) and Jeffrey S. Ashby, commander and pilot, respectively, for the STS-100 mission. Standing, from the left, are cosmonaut Yuri V. Lonchakov, with astronauts Scott E. Parazynski, Umberto Guidoni, Chris A. Hadfield and John L. Phillips, all mission specialists. Guidoni represents the European Space Agency (ESA); Hadfield is with the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and Lonchakov is affiliated with Rosaviakosmos.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- The STS-108 and Expedition 4 crews get emergency egress training on Launch Pad 39B. Seated in the slidewire basket are astronauts Daniel W. Bursch and Carl E. Walz, with Expedition 4 Commander Yuri Onufrienko. Standing in the background are STS-108 Mission Specialists Daniel M. Tani and Linda A. Godwin, and Commander Dominic L. Gorie. At the far right is astronaut Michael Fincke, part of a backup crew for Expedition 4. Crew members are at KSC for Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities that include a simulated launch countdown, plus the emergency exit training from the orbiter and launch pad. STS-108 is a Utilization Flight that will carry the replacement Expedition 4 crew to the International Space Station, as well as the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module Raffaello, filled with supplies and equipment. The l1-day mission is scheduled for launch Nov. 29 on Space Shuttle Endeavour

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- On Launch Pad 39A, the STS-88 crew pose after successfully completing a pre-launch countdown exercise as part of Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test. From left, they are Mission Specialist James H. Newman, Pilot Frederick W. "Rick" Sturckow, Mission Commander Robert D. Cabana, and Mission Specialists Nancy J. Currie, Ph.D., Jerry L. Ross and Sergei Konstantinovich Krikalev, a Russian cosmonaut. Mission STS-88 is targeted for launch on Dec. 3, 1998. It is the first U.S. flight for the assembly of the International Space Station and will carry the Unity connecting module. Unity will be mated with the already orbiting Russian-built Zarya control module. The 12-day mission includes three planned spacewalks to connect power, data and utility lines and install exterior equipment

Crew of Apollo 7

STS098-S-002 (December 2000) --- These five astronauts have been in training for the STS-98 mission, scheduled for launch aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis in January of 2001. The crew is composed of astronauts Kenneth D. Cockrell (right front), mission commander; and Mark L. Polansky (left front), pilot; along with astronauts Marsha S. Ivins, Robert L. Curbeam, Jr., (left rear) and Thomas D. Jones (right rear), all mission specialists. Curbeam and Jones are the scheduled extravehicular activity (EVA) participants for the International Space Station's 5a mission.

Onboard Space Shuttle Discovery (STS-42) the seven crewmembers pose for a traditional in-space portrait in the shirt-sleeve environment of the International Microgravity Laboratory (IML-1) science module in the Shuttle's cargo bay. Pictured are (clockwise from top),Commander Ronald J. Grabe, payload commander Norman E. Thagard, payload specialist Roberta L. Bondar; mission specialists William F. Readdy and David C. Hilmers; pilot Stephen S. Oswald and payload specialist Ulf Merbold. The rotating chair, used often in biomedical tests on the eight-day flight, is in center frame.

The STS-53 crew portrait included astronauts (front left to right): Guion Bluford, and James Voss, mission specialists. On the back row, left to right, are David Walker, commander; Robert Cabana, Pilot; and Michael Rick Clifford, mission specialist. .

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Framed by segments of solid rocket boosters in the SRB Assembly and Refurbishment Facility, STS-114 crew members look at external tank-solid rocket booster camera components. From left are Mission Specialists Wendy Lawrence, Charles Camarda and Andrew Thomas; astronaut Steven Frick; and Pilot James Kelly. Frick joined the STS-114 crew during equipment familiarization at KSC. The STS-114 mission is Logistics Flight 1, which is scheduled to deliver supplies and equipment, plus the external stowage platform, to the International Space Station.

This is a crew portrait of the International Space Station (ISS) Expedition One. Left to right are flight engineer Sergei K. Krikalev, commander William M. (Bill) Shepherd, and Soyuz commander Yuri P. Gidzenko. They are wearing the Russian Sokol space suits. The Russian Soyuz rocket carrying the Expedition One crew was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan on October 31, 2000. The crew returned to the Kennedy Space Center on March 21, 2002 aboard the Space Shuttle Orbiter Discovery (STS-102 mission). The crew's duration on the ISS was 138 days. National flags representing all the international partners run along the bottom of the portrait.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- The STS-105 and Expedition Three crews pose at Launch Pad 39A after training exercises. Pictured (left to right) are STS-105 Mission Specialists Patrick Forrester and Daniel Barry and Commander Scott Horowitz; Expedition Three Commander Frank Culbertson and cosmonauts Mikhail Tyurin and Vladimir Nikolaevich Dezhurov; and STS-105 Pilot Rick Sturckow. Both crews are at KSC to take part in Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities. The training includes emergency egress, a simulated launch countdown and familiarization with the payload. Mission STS-105 will be transporting the Expedition Three crew, several payloads and scientific experiments to the International Space Station aboard Space Shuttle Discovery, which is seen in the background. The current Expedition Two crew members on the Station will return to Earth on Discovery. Launch of Discovery is scheduled no earlier than Aug. 9, 2001

S89-39803 (July 1989) --- These five astronauts have been assigned to fly the Space Shuttle Atlantis for the mission on which the Jupiter probe, Galileo will be deployed. The mission is scheduled for October of this year. Seated, left to right, are mission specialists Shannon W. Lucid, Ph.D.; Franklin Chang-Diaz, Ph.D.; and Ellen S. Baker, M.D. Standing behind the mission specialists are left, Donald E. Williams, commander; and Michael J. McCulley, pilot.

Expedition 50 crew members NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson, left, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet pose for a group photograph ahead of their Soyuz qualification exams, Monday, Oct. 24, 2016, at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC) in Star City, Russia.

After landing at the Shuttle Landing Facility, the STS-103 crew poses in front of the orbiter Discovery. Standing left to right are Commander Curtis L. Brown Jr., Mission Specialist Claude Nicollier of Switzerland, Pilot Scott J. Kelly, and Mission Specialists Jean-Francois Clervoy of France, C. Michael Foale (Ph.D.), John M. Grunsfeld (Ph.D.) and Steven L. Smith. The crew of seven completed a successful eight-day mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope, spending the Christmas holiday in space in order to accomplish their mission before the end of 1999. During the mission, Discovery's four space-walking astronauts, Smith, Foale, Grunsfeld and Nicollier, spent 24 hours and 33 minutes upgrading and refurbishing Hubble, making it more capable than ever to renew its observations of the universe. Mission objectives included replacing gyroscopes and an old computer, installing another solid state recorder, and replacing damaged insulation in the telescope. Hubble was released from the

Crew-4 Astronauts Visit KSC. From left, NASA astronauts Jessica Watkins, Bob Hines, and Kjell Lindgren pose for a photo at the Press Site at NASAs Kennedy Space Center during a visit to the Florida spaceport on March 22, 2023. The astronauts visited Kennedy to thank employees for supporting NASAs SpaceX Crew-4 launch. Watkins, Hines, and Lindgren, along with ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti, launched to the International Space Station aboard a SpaceX Crew Dragon spacecraft on April 27, 2022, from Kennedys Launch Complex 39A. The crew remained at the orbiting laboratory for approximately six months, conducting critical science as part of the fourth crew rotation mission for NASAs Commercial Crew Program.

After landing at the Shuttle Landing Facility, STS-103 Mission Specialists Jean-Francois Clervoy of France and Claude Nicollier of Switzerland, who are with the European Space Agency, listen to a comment by Commander Curtis L. Brown Jr. while looking over the orbiter Discovery. Other members of the crew are Pilot Scott J. Kelly and Mission Specialists Steven L. Smith, C. Michael Foale (Ph.D.), and John M. Grunsfeld (Ph.D.). The crew of seven completed a successful eight-day mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope, spending the Christmas holiday in space in order to accomplish their mission before the end of 1999. During the mission, Discovery's four space-walking astronauts, Smith, Foale, Grunsfeld and Nicollier, spent 24 hours and 33 minutes upgrading and refurbishing Hubble, making it more capable than ever to renew its observations of the universe. Mission objectives included replacing gyroscopes and an old computer, installing another solid state recorder, and replacing damag

The STS-103 crew smile and wave to onlookers as they walk out of the Operations and Checkout Building enroute to Launch Pad 39B and liftoff of Space Shuttle Discovery. In their orange launch and entry suits, they are (front row) Pilot Scott J. Kelly and Commander Curtis L. Brown Jr., (second row) Mission Specialists John M. Grunsfeld (Ph.D.) and Jean-Francois Clervoy of France, (third row) C. Michael Foale (Ph. D.) and Claude Nicollier of Switzerland, and bringing up the rear, Steven L. Smith. The STS-103 mission, to service the Hubble Space Telescope, is scheduled for launch Dec. 17 at 8:47 p.m. EST from Launch Pad 39B. Mission objectives include replacing gyroscopes and an old computer, installing another solid state recorder, and replacing damaged insulation in the telescope. After the 8-day, 21-hour mission, Discovery is expected to land at KSC Sunday, Dec. 26, at about 6:30 p.m. EST

61A-S-015 (30 Oct 1985) --- A record number of crewmembers to serve on a Shuttle mission walks from the operations and checkout facility to a crew transfer van en route to Launch Pad 39A where the Challenger awaits the 61-A/Spacelab D-1launch. Leading the way is Henry W. Hartsfield Jr., mission commander, as Steven R. Nagel, pilot, trails the blue-suited team members. At center are James F. Buchli, Bonnie J. Dunbar and Guion S. Bluford Jr.--all mission specialists. They are flanked by Wubbo J. Ockels and Ernst Messerschmid on the left and Reinhard Furrer on the right. John W. Young, chief of the astronaut office at JSC and George W.S. Abbey, director of flight crew operations at JSC, follow the crew. Richard W. Nygren, assistant to the director, is in background. Messerschmid and Furrer are German scientists and Ockels is a Dutch scientist; and the three will be working with NASA's three mission specialists in the D-1 science module during the week-long flight.

Astronauts and Cosmonauts aboard Russia's Mir Space Station. Russians are wearing blue, and Americans wearing red stripes. Front row, L-R: Aleksandr Kaleri, John Blaha, Jay Apt, William Readdy, and Shannon Lucid. Back row, L-R: Thomas Akers, Carl Walz, Valery Korzun, and Terrence Wilcutt.

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