Astronauts in Space Station

Images depicting astronauts working inside the International Space Station, focusing on maintenance and data entry in a high-tech environment.

ISS030-E-094598 (23 Feb. 2012) --- European Space Agency astronaut Andre Kuipers, Expedition 30 flight engineer, performs the scheduled inspection and extensive cleanup of ventilation systems in the Columbus laboratory of the International Space Station.

ISS036-E-011520 (24 June 2013) --- European Space Agency astronaut Luca Parmitano, Expedition 36 flight engineer, enters data on a computer during an acoustic survey, using a U.S. Sound Level Meter (SLM), in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

iss063e033023 (June 24, 2020) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 63 Commander Chris Cassidy reviews maintenance procedures on a computer while working on U.S. spacesuit components inside the International Space Station's Quest airlock.

ISS030-E-094598 (23 Feb. 2012) --- European Space Agency astronaut Andre Kuipers, Expedition 30 flight engineer, performs the scheduled inspection and extensive cleanup of ventilation systems in the Columbus laboratory of the International Space Station.

S119-E-006575 (18 March 2009) --- Astronaut Tony Antonelli, STS-119 pilot, works controls on the aft flight deck of Space Shuttle Discovery while docked with the International Space Station.

ISS030-E-234735 (10 April 2012) --- NASA astronaut Dan Burbank, Expedition 30 commander, works on the Combustion Integrated Rack (CIR) in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station. Burbank disconnected the Moderate Temperature Loop (MTL), Vacuum Exhaust System (VES) and station nitrogen lines of the Optics Bench, translated and rotated it out of the way and replaced a Fluids and Combustion Facility / Diagnostic Control Module (FCF DCM) on its back. Afterwards, Burbank returned the Optics Bench to its nominal position and reconnected the MTL, VES and station nitrogen lines.

S125-E-008039 (16 May 2009) --- Astronaut Gregory C. Johnson, STS-125 pilot, uses a still camera at an overhead window on the aft flight deck of Space Shuttle Atlantis during flight day six activities.

NASA astronaut and Expedition 67 Flight Engineer Bob Hines replaces components inside the Combustion Integrated Rack, a research device that enables safe investigations into how flames, fiuel, and soot behave in microgravity.

S119-E-006800 (20 March 2009) --- Astronaut John Phillips is about to exit the European Space Agency's Columbus module in a manner quite unique to space travelers. The STS-119 mission specialist and the rest of the Discovery crew are joining forces with the Expedition 18 crew for the continuation of the home improvement project aboard the International Space Station.

STS-133 DISCOVERY - HARDWARE REMOVAL FROM ORBITER IN WHITE ROOM - ET FOAM REPAIR PREPS WITH TENTS

Climate researchers from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) and several universities install and perform functional checkouts of a variety of sensitive atmospheric instruments on NASA's DC-8 airborne laboratory prior to beginning the ARCTAS mission.

ISS015-E-10000 (30 May 2007) --- Cosmonauts Fyodor N. Yurchikhin (background) and Oleg V. Kotov, Expedition 15 commander and flight engineer, respectively, representing Russia's Federal Space Agency, work with Russian Orlan spacesuits in the Pirs Docking Compartment of the International Space Station.

. iss069e056172 (Aug. 11, 2023) --- NASA astronaut and Expedition 69 Flight Engineer Stephen Bowen works on physics research inside the Destiny laboratory module's Microgravity Science Glovebox. The SUBSA-μgGA investigation seeks to create a superior graphene aerogel, a synthetic material with high porosity and low density, in microgravity benefitting both Earth and space industries such as power storage, environmental protection, and chemical sensing.

S135-E-009484 (18 July 2011) --- In the Quest airlock of the International Space Station, NASA astronaut Mike Fossum, Expedition 28 flight engineer, draws attention to the freshly posted STS-135 decal next to that of him and his five crewmates.

JSC2010-E-041279 (17 March 2010) --- NASA astronaut Garrett Reisman, STS-132 mission specialist, participates in an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit fit check in the Space Station Airlock Test Article (SSATA) in the Crew Systems Laboratory at NASA's Johnson Space Center.

ISS035-E-025557(22 April 2013) ---Multi-user Droplet Combustion Apparatus (MDCA) Hardware Replacement: Cassidy accessed the Combustion Integration Rack (CIR) Combustion Chamber and removed the MDCA Chamber Insert Assembly (CIA). He then replaced the MDCA Needle 1 due to a fuel line that was damaged during previous activities when the MDCA CIA was being removed from the Combustion Chamber.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - In the White Room on Launch Pad 39B, a worker hands off a food container to someone inside Space Shuttle Discovery to store it for mission STS-121. The White Room, which extends from the fixed service structure, provides access into the orbiter on the pad. Astronauts are supplied with three balanced meals, plus snacks. Foods flown on space missions are researched and developed at the Space Food Systems Laboratory at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) in Houston, which is staffed by food scientists, dietitians and engineers. Each astronauts food stored aboard the space shuttle is identified by a colored dot affixed to each package. Launch of Space Shuttle Discovery on mission STS-121 is scheduled for July 1.

S135-E-006318 (9 July 2011) --- NASA astronautDoug Hurley, STS-135 pilot, is pictured on the aft flight deck of the space shuttle Atlantis during the flight's second day of activities in Earth orbit.

iss055e005587 (March 26, 2018) --- Expedition 55 Commander Anton Shkaplerov (foreground) and Flight Engineer Oleg Artemyev, both cosmonauts representing Roscosmos, replace manifold bottles inside the the Destiny lab module's Combustion Integrated Rack.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In the Space Station Processing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, workers check the inside of the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module Leonardo before closing the hatch. The module will carry science and storage racks on space shuttle Discovery's STS-128 mission to the International Space Station. Launch of Discovery is targeted for Aug. 18.

ISS040-E-091922 (13 Aug. 2014) --- European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, prepares to remove the docking mechanism to gain access to the hatch of the newly attached "Georges Lemaitre" Automated Transfer Vehicle-5 (ATV-5).

ISS036-E-029110 (6 Aug. 2013) --- In the International Space Stations Destiny laboratory, NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy, Expedition 36 flight engineer, wears tele-operation gear consisting of a vest, gloves and visor to telerobotically test Robonaut 2s maneuvers. Cassidy was able to manipulate R2s head, neck, arms and fingers telerobotically through his own movements as well as through verbal commands.

ISS040-E-008044 (6 June 2014) --- European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, is pictured in the Rassvet Mini-Research Module 1 (MRM-1) hatch of the International Space Station.

ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut and Expedition 66 Flight Engineer Matthias Maurer tapes caution labels to the Tranquility module's oxygen generation assembly inside the International Space Station.

. iss068e029377 (Dec. 12, 2022) - Roscosmos cosmonaut and Expedition 68 Flight Engineer Dmitri Petelin services Orlan spacesuit life support components inside the International Space Statin's Poisk module.

S115-E-05766 (12 Sept. 2006) --- Astronaut Steven G. MacLean, STS-115 mission specialist representing the Canadian Space Agency, photographed in the midst of a pre-breathe exercise in the Quest Airlock of the International Space Station in preparation for a session of extravehicular activity (EVA). European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Thomas Reiter (background) assisted MacLean.

ISS002-356-017 (30 April  5 May 2001) --- Cosmonaut Yuri Baturin (foreground), Soyuz 2 flight engineer, and American businessman Dennis Tito, Soyuz 2 crewmember, are pictured in the Zvezda Service Module on the International Space Station (ISS). Baturin represents Rosaviakosmos.

ISS037-E-010725 (5 Oct. 2013) --- NASA astronaut Michael Hopkins, Expedition 37 flight engineer, prepares to insert samples into a Minus Eighty Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI) dewar tray in the International Space Stations Destiny laboratory.

ISS030-E-177117 (12 March 2012) --- Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko, Expedition 30 flight engineer, performs removal and replacement of the KVD Pressure Equalization Valve (PEV) in the transfer compartment between the Zarya Functional Cargo Block (FGB) and the Zvezda Service Module of the International Space Station.

S125-E-006452 (12 May 2009) --- Astronaut Michael Good, STS-125 mission specialist, is busy on Atlantis mid deck during his second day in space. Astronaut Mike Massimino, mission specialist, uses a camera to document Good's task. The next several days prove to be very busy for the entire crew, as five spacewalks, two of which will have Good leaving the shirt sleeved environment of the shuttle to perform work on the Hubble Space Telescope, are in the offing.

ISS021-E-018978 (2 Nov. 2009) --- European Space Agency astronaut Frank De Winne, Expedition 21 commander, works with Materials Science Laboratory (MSL) hardware in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

ISS040-E-021546 (26 June 2014) --- NASA astronaut Reid Wiseman, Expedition 40 flight engineer, conducts a combustion experiment known as the Burning and Suppression of Solids (BASS) inside the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) located in the International Space Stations Destiny laboratory. Without gravity, materials burn quite differently, with a spherical flame instead of the conical shape seen on Earth. BASS is studying the hypothesis that some materials may actually become more flammable in space. Results from BASS will help guide spacecraft materials selection and improve strategies for putting out accidental fires aboard spacecraft. The research also provides scientists with improved computational models that will aid in the design of fire detection and suppression systems here on Earth.

NASA astronaut and Expedition 67 Flight Engineer Jessica Watkins services life support components inside the Tranquility module's Water Recovery System rack abaord the International Space Station.

Expedition 69 Soyuz Landing. Expedition 69 Roscosmos cosmonaut Sergey Prokopyev is helped out of the Soyuz MS-23 spacecraft just minutes after he and Roscosmos cosmonaut Dmitri Petelin and NASA astronaut Frank Rubio, landed in a remote area near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Wednesday, Sept. 27, 2023. The trio are returning to Earth after logging 371 days in space as members of Expeditions 68-69 aboard the International Space Station. For Rubio, his mission is the longest single spaceflight by a U.S. astronaut in history.

ISS038-E-046882 (13 Feb. 2014) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Koichi Wakata, Expedition 38 flight engineer, uses a still camera at a window in the Zvezda Service Module of the International Space Station.

ISS040-E-007122 (4 June 2014) --- NASA astronaut Reid Wiseman, Expedition 40 flight engineer, works with the Common Cabin Air Assembly (CCAA) in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

At the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia, Expedition 59 crewmember Nick Hague of NASA is seen inside a Soyuz spacecraft simulator Feb. 20 during the second day of final pre-launch qualification exams. Hague, Christina Koch of NASA and Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos will launch March 14, U.S. time, in the Soyuz MS-12 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a six-and-a-half month mission on the International Space Station.NASA/Beth Weissinger

ISS037-E-004882 (1 Oct. 2013) --- NASA astronaut Karen Nyberg, Expedition 37 flight engineer, works on the Multi-User Droplet Combustion Apparatus (MDCA) Chamber Insert Assembly (CIA) at a maintenance work station in the Harmony node of the International Space Station.

ISS040-E-091979 (13 Aug. 2014) --- European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, is pictured in the hatch after removing the docking mechanism of the newly-attached Georges Lemaitre Automated Transfer Vehicle-5 (ATV-5) of the International Space Station.

ISS034-E-029874 (15 Jan. 2013) --- NASA astronaut Tom Marshburn, Expedition 34 flight engineer, services the Combustion Integrated Rack (CIR) in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

S125-E-007995 (16 May 2009) --- Astronaut Michael Good, STS-125 mission specialist, looks through an overhead window on the aft flight deck of Space Shuttle Atlantis during flight day six activities.

ISS009-E-29106 (18 October 2004) --- Astronaut Leroy Chiao, Expedition 10 commander and NASA ISS science officer, works with the controls of the Canadarm2, or Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station (ISS).

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- STS-134 Mission Specialist Andrew Feustel performs a walkdown of space shuttle Endeavour's payload bay. The Express Logistics Carrier-3 packed with spare parts and the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS) are inside the bay for the STS-134 mission to the International Space Station. Feustel and fellow Mission Specialists Greg Chamitoff and Michael Fincke are the designated spacewalkers for the mission.Endeavour's six crew members are at Kennedy for the launch countdown dress rehearsal called the Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) and related training. Endeavour is targeted to launch April 19 at 7:48 p.m. EDT on its final spaceflight mission.

ISS018-E-019725 (9 Jan. 2009) --- Astronaut Michael Fincke, Expedition 18 commander, works on hardware in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

S119-E-008429 (25 March 2009) --- Astronaut Lee Archambault, STS-119 commander, closes the hatch on the middeck of Space Shuttle Discovery prior to undocking from the International Space Station to conclude almost 10 days of cooperative work onboard the shuttle and the station. Undocking of the two spacecraft occurred at 2:53 p.m. (CDT) on March 25, 2009.

PHOTO DATE: 12-22-09LOCATION: BLDG 9NW SSMTFSUBJECT: STS-130 crew during SSMTF IN/EG TIMELINE training in building 9NWWORKORDER: 3779-STS130SSMTF-12-22-09

ISS040-E-085159 (1 Aug. 2014) --- NASA astronaut Reid Wiseman, Expedition 40 flight engineer, works with Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI) dewars in the Destiny laboratory of the Earth-orbiting International Space Station.

ISS028-E-035002 (30 Aug. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Mike Fossum, Expedition 28 flight engineer, performs in-flight maintenance on the Muscle Atrophy Research & Exercise System (MARES) in the Columbus laboratory of the International Space Station.

STS113-E-05384 (2 December 2002) --- Astronaut James D. Wetherbee, STS-113 mission commander, adds the STS-113 patch to the growing collection of those representing Shuttle crews who have worked on the International Space Station (ISS). A location in the Unity node serves as one of the traditional posting sites for the patches.

S100-E-5304 (23 April 2001) --- Astronaut Kent V. Rominger, STS-100 mission commander, tours the Zvezda Service Module on the International Space Station (ISS) not long after the seven-member STS-100 crew went aboard the orbital outpost and reunited with the station's second crew. The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In Orbiter Processing Facility bay 2 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, workers maneuver the new window replacing window six on space shuttle Endeavour. Endeavour is the designated launch vehicle for the STS-127 mission. The Japanese Experiment Module's Experiment Logistics Module-Exposed Section, or ELM-ES, is part of the payload on the mission, targeted for launch on May 15.

ISS040-E-011006 (13 June 2014) --- European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, works with samples and hardware for a combustion experiment known as the Burning and Suppression of Solids (BASS) in the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station.

S119-E-006228 (16 March 2009) --- Astronaut John Phillips (right), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Koichi Wakata, both STS-119 mission specialists; along with astronaut Lee Archambault (partially out of frame at left), commander, work on the flight deck of Space Shuttle Discovery during flight day two activities.

STS098-326-023 (7-20 February 2001) --- Astronaut Kenneth D. Cockrell, mission commander, controls the intricate maneuvers of the shuttle during docking procedures with the International Space Station (ISS) from the aft flight deck of the Space Shuttle Atlantis. Robert L. Curbeam (partially out of frame), mission specialist, can also be seen in this image.

At the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, Expedition 30 Flight Engineer Andre Kuipers of the European Space Agency undergoes a leak check of his Russian Sokol launch and entry suit Dec. 9, 2011 as he prepare for launch Dec. 21 on the Soyuz TMA-03M spacecraft to the International Space Station with crewmates Soyuz Commander Oleg Kononenko and Flight Engineer Don Pettit of NASA.

STS088-334-012 (4-15 Dec. 1998) --- Astronaut Frederick W. Sturckow, pilot, works with furnishings on the U.S.-built Unity module as he and five crew mates teamed up toprepare Unity and the connected Russian-built Zarya module for their International Space Station (ISS) roles.

VMS F-Cab Comache Project configuration with Ron Gerdes pilot

ISS009-E-18533 (14 August 2004) --- Astronaut Edward M. (Mike) Fincke, Expedition 9 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, appears behind the probe-and-cone mechanism on the hatch of the Progress 15 supply vehicle docked to the aft port on the Zvezda Service Module of the International Space Station (ISS).

iss063e062018 (7/29/2020) --- Photo documentation of the Droplet Formation Study inside the U.S. Destiny laboratory module's Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The Droplet Formation Study observes how microgravity shapes water droplets, possibly improving water conservation and water pressure techniques on Earth.

iss065e099946 (June 14, 2021) --- Expedition 65 Flight Engineer Thomas Pesquet of ESA (European Space Agency) is pictured working on maintenance activities aboard the International Space Station.

ISS038-E-029059 (12 Jan. 2014) --- In the International Space Station's Destiny laboratory, NASA astronaut Rick Mastracchio, Expedition 38 flight engineer, uses a video camera to photograph the Ant Forage Habitat Facility which will study ant behavior and colonization in microgravity.

S94-E-5047 (July 1997) --- Astronaut Janice E. Voss, mission specialist, works at a lap top computer in the Spacelab science module aboard the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Columbia.

S114-E-5508 (28 July 2005) --- Astronaut Eileen M. Collins, STS-114 commander, prepares to open the hatch that will lead her and the entire Discovery crew into the International Space Station. This was just one highlight of a very busy day that earlier saw the flawless rendezvous and docking operations between the shuttle and the orbital outpost.

JSC2010-E-060727 (29 April 2010) --- NASA astronaut Greg Chamitoff, STS-134 mission specialist, participates in an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) spacesuit fit check in the Space Station Airlock Test Article (SSATA) in the Crew Systems Laboratory at NASA's Johnson Space Center. NASA astronaut Andrew Feustel, mission specialist, assisted Chamitoff.

Expedition 67 Flight Engineer and NASA astronaut Jessica Watkins sets up cell samples for viewing in a microscope for the Immunosenescence space biology study. The investigation studies the immunological aging of cells that takes place in microgravity to learn how to keep astronauts healthy on long term missions and treat immunity conditions on Earth.

ISS024-E-006466 (24 June 2010) --- NASA astronaut Doug Wheelock, Expedition 24 flight engineer, places tools in a bag in the Unity node of the International Space Station.

S126-E-007160 (16 Nov. 2008) --- Astronaut Chris Ferguson, STS-126 commander, occupies the commander's station on the forward flight deck of Space Shuttle Endeavour during rendezvous and docking operations with the International Space Station.

ISS014-E-19178 (April 2007) --- Cosmonaut Oleg V. Kotov, Expedition 15 flight engineer representing Russia's Federal Space Agency, works with a Cryogem-03 refrigerator in the Zvezda Service Module of the International Space Station.

Preparations are underway to offload NASAs Psyche spacecraft from the C-17 aircraft it arrived aboard at Kennedy Space Centers Launch and Landing Facility in Florida on April 29, 2022. Psyche arrived from NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Southern California. Psyche is scheduled to launch aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket on Aug. 1, 2022. The spacecraft will use its solar-electric propulsion to travel approximately 1.5 billion miles to rendezvous with its namesake asteroid in 2026. The Psyche mission is led by Arizona State University. JPL, which is managed for NASA by Caltech in Pasadena, California, is responsible for the missions overall management, system engineering, integration and testing, and mission operations. Maxar Technologies in Palo Alto, California, provided the high-power solar electric propulsion spacecraft chassis. NASAs Launch Services Program (LSP), based at Kennedy, is managing the launch. Psyche will be the 14th mission in the agency's Discovery pro

ISS040-E-008036 (6 June 2014) --- European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst, Expedition 40 flight engineer, is pictured in the Rassvet Mini-Research Module 1 (MRM-1) hatch of the International Space Station.

ISS008-E-17185 (24 February 2004) --- Cosmonaut Alexander Y. Kaleri, Expedition 8 flight engineer, works with the extravehicular activity (EVA) bundle in the Zvezda Service Module on the International Space Station (ISS). The Matroshka experiment package is shrouded (aft) with the brown carry bags for the CKK hardware (fwd) along with tools and other needed items. It is all bundled to a Russian EVA integrated equipment carrier. Kaleri represents Rosaviakosmos.

iss059e089298 (June 4, 2019) --- NASA astronaut Nick Hague works inside the Japanese Kibo laboratory module on maintenance activities.

iss049e011944 (9/27/2016) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Takuya Onishi is photographed as he starts the first of two days of installation and preparation for the Group Combustion Module (GCM) Installation. The GCM will be installed into the Combustion Chamber.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - In Orbiter Processing Facility-2 at NASAs Kennedy Space Center in Florida, United Space Alliance technicians align the hatch of space shuttle Endeavours airlock for its final closure during processing for the shuttles retirement.Endeavour is being prepared for public display at the California Science Center in Los Angeles. Its ferry flight to California is targeted for mid-September. Endeavour, designated OV-105, was the last space shuttle added to NASAs orbiter fleet. Over the course of its 19-year career, Endeavour spent 299 days in space during 25 missions.

PHOTO DATE: 07-16-10LOCATION: Bldg 9NW, ISS MockupsSUBJECT: 28 crew member Mike Fossum, Satoshi Furukawa, Sergei Volkov during Emergency Scenario Assigned to training in ISS mockups

Day In The Life of Artemis Employees

ISS036-E-025030 (26 July 2013) --- From the International Space Stations Destiny laboratory, European Space Agency astronaut Luca Parmitano, Expedition 36 flight engineer, uses a computer as he partners with Ames Research Center to remotely control a surface rover in California. The experiment, called Surface Telerobotics, will help scientists plan future missions where a robotic rover could prepare a site on a moon or a planet for a crew.

ISS007-E-14466 (5 September 2003) --- Cosmonaut Yuri I. Malenchenko, Expedition 7 mission commander, sets up a video camera to document a review of one of the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suits in the Quest airlock on the International Space Station (ISS). Malenchenko represents Rosaviakosmos.

On the Space Shuttle Atlantis' mid-deck, astronaut Joseph R. Tanner, mission specialist, works at area amidst several lockers onboard the Shuttle which support the Protein Crystal Growth (PCG) experiment. This particular section is called the Crystal Observation System, housed in the Thermal Enclosure System (COS/TES). Together with the Vapor Diffusion Apparatus (VDA), housed in a Single Locker Thermal Enclosure (SLTES) which is out of frame, the Cos/TES represents the continuing research into the structures of proteins and other macromolecules such as viruses.

STS056-08-018 (8-17 April 1993) --- Aboard Discovery, astronaut Kenneth D. Cockrell, mission specialist, records Earth imagery with the Hand-Held, Earth-Oriented, Real-Time, Cooperative, User-Friendly, Location-Targeting and Environmental System (HERCULES). HERCULES is a device that makes it simple for Shuttle crew members to take pictures of Earth, as they merely point a modified 35mm camera and shoot any interesting feature, whose latitude and longitude are automatically determined in real-time. The powder-box shaped attachment is the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) for the system. The STS-56 crew downlinked a number of the still images during the flight, while others are likely to be stored on disc and returned to Earth with the crew.

ISS020-E-007577 (6 June 2009) --- European Space Agency astronaut Frank De Winne, Expedition 20 flight engineer, returns a dewar tray to the Minus Eighty Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI) after inserting biological samples into the trays in the Kibo laboratory of the International Space Station. Samples were taken as part of the Nutritional Status Assessment (Nutrition) with Repository experiment, a study done by NASA to date of human physiologic changes during long-duration spaceflight.

ISS033-E-018848 (12 Nov. 2012) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Aki Hoshide, Expedition 33 flight engineer, equipped with a bungee harness, prepares to exercise on the Combined Operational Load Bearing External Resistance Treadmill (COLBERT) in the Tranquility node of the International Space Station.

PHOTO DATE: 01-17-14LOCATION: Bldg. 9NW - ISS Mockups SUBJECT: Expedition 40 6-person crew emergency scenarios. Crewmembers: 38S/Swanson, Skvortsov and Artemiev, along with 39S/Suraev, Wiseman and Gerst.

Astronaut Scott Kelly initiated VEG-01 B, the second crop of lettuce, on July, 8, 2015, and both Kelly and Astronaut Kjell Lindgren cared for the plants. The crop grew for 33 days. VEG-01 B included one set of six plant pillows planted with red romaine lettuce seeds. On Aug. 10, 2015, the crew harvested and consumed leaves from each plant. This was the first crop grown and consumed in NASA hardware. They harvested the rest of the plant tissue and froze it in the stations Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI) for return to Earth for further study including microbial analysis, antioxidant capacity, mineral analysis and anthocyanin concentration.

S85-E-5058 (12 August 1997) --- Astronaut Curtis L. Brown, Jr., commander, performs operations with an experiment called Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC) operations on the mid-deck of the Space Shuttle Discovery during flight day six. The photograph was taken with the Electronic Still Camera (ESC).

ISS014-E-11779 (12 Jan. 2007) --- Astronaut Michael E. Lopez-Alegria (left), Expedition 14 commander and NASA space station science officer, and cosmonaut Mikhail Tyurin, flight engineer representing Russia's Federal Space Agency, use still cameras at windows in the Zvezda Service Module of the International Space Station.

S127-E-006705 (17 July 2009) --- Astronaut Christopher Cassidy, STS-127 mission specialist, peers through a window in the hatch that separates seven Endeavour crew members from six International Space Station inhabitants. But the separation wasn't for long, as soon afterward the hatch was opened and the visitors from Earth moved onto the station to set the population record at 13.More importantly, over a week's worth of joint activities lies ahead for the two crews.

S124-E-005916 (3 June 2008) --- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, STS-124 mission specialist, watches monitors as he works the controls of the robotic Canadarm2 in the Destiny laboratory of the International Space Station (ISS) while Space Shuttle Discovery is docked with the station. The Kibo Japanese Pressurized Module (JPM) is visible on the monitors as it is transferred from Discovery's payload bay to its place on the ISS.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- Technicians from the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA) test the real-time radiation monitoring device on SPACEHAB at Kennedy Space Center in preparation for the STS-89 mission, slated to be the first Shuttle launch of 1998. STS-89 will be the eighth of nine scheduled Mir dockings and will include a double module of SPACEHAB, used mainly as a large pressurized cargo container for science, logistical equipment and supplies to be exchanged between the orbiter Endeavour and the Russian Space Station Mir. The nine-day flight of STS-89 also is scheduled to include the transfer of the seventh American to live and work aboard the Russian orbiting outpost. Liftoff of Endeavour and its seven-member crew is targeted for Jan. 15, 1998, at 1:03 a.m. EDT from Launch Pad 39A

ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti unloads cargo from the SpaceX Dragon 25th resupply mission to the space station in July, 2022.

ISS035-E-016498 (3 April 2013) --- Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin (right) and NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy, both Expedition 35 flight engineers, work in Rassvet (MRM1) on the Earth-orbiting International Space Station on April 3, 2013.

Astronaut Steve Swanson,Expedition 40 Commander,is photographed working with the Robonauts processing unit (or brain) in the U.S. Laboratory module.

STS111-E-5088 (7 June 2002) --- Astronaut Kenneth D. Cockrell, STS-111 mission commander, prepares to open hatchway to the International Space Station (ISS) shortly after the Space Shuttle Endeavour docked with the orbital outpost.

Solar Telescope on Haleakala Observatory

ISS030-E-257828 (27 April 2012) --- Russian cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov (foreground), Expedition 30 flight engineer and Soyuz commander; along with NASA astronaut Dan Burbank (right background), Expedition 30 commander, and Russian cosmonaut Anatoly Ivanishin, flight engineer, prepare for the undocking of their Soyuz TMA-22 spacecraft from the Poisk Mini-Research Module 2 (MRM2) of the International Space Station.

STS067-377-008 (2-18 March 1995) --- Astronaut John M. Grunsfeld, mission specialist, uses a handheld Hasselblad camera to record the Astro-2 payload. Orbiting Earth at 190 nautical miles, Grunsfeld joined four other NASA astronauts and two scientists for almost 17 days conducting research in support of the Astro-2 mission.

S127-E-006555 (17 July 2009) --- Astronauts Mark Polansky (left) and Doug Hurley, at the commander and pilot stations, respectively,do their part to safely dock the Space Shuttle Endeavour with the International Space Station.

ISS035-E-030804 (25 April 2013) --- NASA astronaut Tom Marshburn (pictured in background), Expedition 35 Flight Engineer, performs the second of a two-day session of Taskboard and Tele-operations with R 2 onboard the International Space Station. R 2 is the dexterous humanoid robot that was carried up to the station by one of NASA's final shuttle flights in 2011. The goals for these activities were orientation and depth familiarization, individual hand grasp and hand-to-hand object transfer; and all were completed nominally. The Robonaut Tele-operation System is used to demonstrate the ability to effectively control Robonaut from the station. The research objective is to evaluate this control method in terms of its ability to perform tasks as well as measure the time necessary to complete the defined tasks. This capability will need to be developed to support future operations of Robonaut in the space environment as well as certain intravehicular activity situations.

ISS023-E-039591 (12 May 2010) --- Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kotov, Expedition 23 commander, is pictured in the Soyuz 21 (TMA-17) spacecraft during preparations for its relocation from the Zarya nadir port to the Zvezda Service Module's aft port on May 12, 2010.

Astronaut Mike Fincke places droplets of honey onto the strings for the Fluid Merging Viscosity Measurement (FMVM) investigation onboard the International Space Station (ISS). The FMVM experiment measures the time it takes for two individual highly viscous fluid droplets to coalesce or merge into one droplet. Different fluids and droplet size combinations were tested in the series of experiments. By using the microgravity environment, researchers can measure the viscosity or thickness of fluids without the influence of containers and gravity using this new technique. Understanding viscosity could help scientists understand industrially important materials such as paints, emulsions, polymer melts and even foams used to produce pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic products.

STS-40 Payload Specialist Millie Hughes-Fulford along with backup payload specialist Robert Ward Phillips familiarize themselves with Spacelab Life Sciences 1 (SLS-1) equipment. The two scientists are in JSC's Life Sciences Project Division (LSPD) SLS mockup located in the Bioengineering and Test Support Facility Bldg 36. Hughes-Fulford, in the center aisle, pulls equipment from an overhead stowage locker while Phillips, in the foreground, experiments with the baroreflex neck pressure chamber at Rack 11. The baroreflex collar will be used in conjuction with Experiment No. 022, Influence of Weightlessness Upon Human Autonomic Cardiovascular Control. Behind Phillips in the center aisle are body mass measurement device (BMMD) (foreground) and the stowed bicycle ergometer.

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