F-35 Lightning II Operations

Images of the F-35 Lightning II aircraft in various operational settings, highlighting advanced military aviation and air force training exercises.

A U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 242, approaches a U.S. Air Force KC-135 Stratotanker, assigned to the 909th Air Refueling Squadron, Kadena Air Base, Japan, to receive aerial refueling over the Indo-Pacific theater, Sept. 28, 2022. Pacific Air Forces utilize various aircraft to maintain a flexible theater posture to enhance its ability to provide the Department of Defense options to support our allies and partners in a free and open Indo-Pacific.

A U.S. Air Force F-35A Lightning II pilot assigned to the 421st Fighter Squadron, Hill Air Force Base, Utah, poses for a photo while taxiing at Andersen Air Force Base, Guam after returning from conducting Agile Combat Employment (ACE) rehearsals, June 29, 2022. ACE shifts operations from centralized physical infrastructures to a network of smaller, dispersed locations that can complicate adversary planning and provide more options for joint force commanders.

U.S. Airmen assigned to the 56th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron recover an F-35A Lightning II at Mountain Home Air Force Base, Idaho, Sept. 16, 2022. The units assigned to Luke Air Force Base, Arizona, traveled to Idaho for a training exercise as the F-35 student pilots basic course capstone.

Two U.S. Air Force F-35A Lightning II aircraft assigned to the 134th Fighter Squadron, 158th Fighter Wing, Vermont Air National Guard, photographed from a KC-135 Stratotanker aircraft assigned to the 92nd Air Refueling Wing, currently operating out of Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany, conducted low approach flyovers over the Baltic Sea region on, June 16, 2022. The two fighter jets are flying across the Baltic Sea region starting at Pirita Tee, Estonia, then Riga, Latvia, and finally Vilnius, Lithuania to demonstrate U.S. commitment and assurance to NATO Baltic Allies and partners.

A U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II aircraft with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 121 taxis the flight line after arriving to Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, Japan, Sept. 28, 2022. U.S. Marines with VMFA-121, VMFA-242, and Marine All Weather Fighter Attack Squadron 533 conducted live-fire missile exercise to increase weapon proficiency and enhance squadrons combat readiness in the air-to-air environment.

A pilot assigned to the 58th Fighter Squadron, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, performs a pre-flight checklist onboard an F-35A Lightning II aircraft at MacDill Air Force Base, Florida, Feb. 13, 2023. Airmen assigned to the 58th FS temporarily relocated to MacDill to avoid inclement weather conditions affecting their home station. Despite the relocation, the 58th FS pursued operations as part of a training program for newly selected F-35 pilots.

An F-35B Lightning II with 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, San Diego, California, conducts an aerial demonstration during the 2022 MCAS Air Show at MCAS Miramar, Sept. 24, 2022. The F-35B Lightning II, flown by aviators with Marine Fighter Attack Training Squadron 502, is equipped with short takeoff and vertical landing capability that expands its range by allowing it to operate from naval vessels and in austere, expeditionary environments. The theme for the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show, Marines Fight, Evolve and Win, reflects the Marine Corps ongoing modernization efforts to prepare for future conflicts.

A U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 242, approaches a U.S. Air Force KC-135 Stratotanker, assigned to the 909th Air Refueling Squadron, Kadena Air Base, Japan, to receive aerial refueling over the Indo-Pacific theater, Sept. 28, 2022. Pacific Air Forces utilize various aircraft to maintain a flexible theater posture to enhance its ability to provide the Department of Defense options to support our allies and partners in a free and open Indo-Pacific.

A U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor flies over clouds during RED FLAG-Alaska 14-3 Aug. 20, 2014, at Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska. The F-22, assigned to the 90th Fighter Squadron, Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska, possesses a sophisticated sensor suite allowing the pilot to track, identify, shoot and kill air-to-air threats before being detected.

An F-35B Lightning II with 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, San Diego, California, conducts an aerial demonstration during the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show at MCAS Miramar, Sept. 24, 2022. The F-35B Lightning II, flown by aviators with Marine Fighter Attack Training Squadron 502, is equipped with short takeoff and vertical landing capability that expands its range by allowing it to operate from naval vessels and in austere, expeditionary environments. The theme for the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show, Marines Fight, Evolve and Win, reflects the Marine Corps ongoing modernization efforts to prepare for future conflicts.

An F-35B Lightning II with 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, San Diego, California, conducts an aerial demonstration during the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show at MCAS Miramar, Sept. 24, 2022. The F-35B Lightning II, flown by aviators with Marine Fighter Attack Training Squadron 502, is equipped with short takeoff and vertical landing capability that expands its range by allowing it to operate from naval vessels and in austere, expeditionary environments. The theme for the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show, Marines Fight, Evolve and Win, reflects the Marine Corps ongoing modernization efforts to prepare for future conflicts.

U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II aircraft with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 121, embarked aboard the amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7), fly in formation above the Pacific Ocean, June 15, 2022, after participating in a joint maritime strike rehearsal to demonstrate service components fires and effects capabilities in the maritime environment during exercise Valiant Shield 22 (VS 22). Exercises such as Valiant Shield allows the Indo-Pacific Command Joint Task Force the opportunity to integrate forces from all branches of service to conduct long-range, precise, lethal, and overwhelming multi-axis, multi-domain effects that demonstrate the strength and versatility of the Joint Task Force and our commitment to a free and open Indo-Pacific.

A U.S. Air Force F-35A Lightning II prepares for shutdown after a training sortie at Mountain Home Air Force Base, Idaho, September 22, 2022. The F-35 squadron from Luke Air Force Base, AZ used Mountain Home AFB for the terrain and airspace in order to practice simulated combat scenarios.

Airmen assigned to the Vermont Air National Guard's 158th Fighter Wing, from South Burlington, Vermont, prepare their F-35A Lightning II jets for a training mission at Wheeler-Sack Army Airfield , Fort Drum, New York, April 3, 2023. The Airmen are participating in an Agile Combat Employment exercise which tests the wing's ability to deploy and conduct tactical missions with minimal personnel and resources.

An F-22 Raptor displays its weapons bays to the crowd July 26, 2014, during the Arctic Thunder Open House at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska. Arctic Thunder, a biennial event, features more than 40 Air Force, Army and civilian aerial acts. It is the largest two-day event in the state and one of the premier aerial demonstrations in the world.

Two F-22 Raptors from the 1st Fighter Wing at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia, fly in formaton during a training mission out of Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, Japan.

PHILIPPINE SEA (May 8, 2022) An F-35C Lightning II, assigned to the "Black Knights" of Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 314, prepares to launch from the flight deck of the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72) while the ship is underway in the Philippine Sea. Long range maritime strikes capabilities such as these allow the U.S. Navy to find, fix, and target well beyond typical organic sensor capabilities across the Indo-Pacific. This capability, among others, serves as a deterrent to aggressive or malign actors and supports a free and open Indo-Pacific.

A crew chief assigned to the 158th Fighter Wing Maintenance Group signals to Lt. Col. Robert Peel, an F-35A Lightning II pilot assigned to the 134th Fighter Squadron, 158th Fighter Wing, prior to takeoff for a training mission from the Vermont Air National Guard Base, South Burlington, Vermont, April 3, 2023. The training mission is an Agile Combat Employment training exercise.

A U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II aircraft assigned to Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 242 takes off at Ie Shima Okinawa, Japan, Oct. 24, 2022. III Marine Expeditionary Force hosted a media workshop event for Okinawan media representatives to provide a better understanding of what III MEF does in order to enhance relationships with their host nation. The media representatives had the opportunity to fly on military aircraft, observe live-fire ranges, and visit the Jungle Warfare Training Center.

A U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor conducts a heritage flight during the 2022 Marine Corps Air Station Miramar Air Show at MCAS Miramar, San Diego, California, Sept. 24, 2022. The F-22 Raptor is the Air Forces fifth-generation fighter aircraft. Its combination of stealth, super-cruise, maneuverability, and integrated avionics, coupled with improved supportability, represents an exponential leap in war-fighting capabilities. The theme for the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show, Marines Fight, Evolve and Win, reflects the Marine Corps ongoing modernization efforts to prepare for future conflicts.

A U.S. Air Force F-35A Lightning II pilot with the 58th Fighter Squadron, 33rd Fighter Wing, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, prepares to take off on a training mission during exercise Northern Lightning at Volk Field Air National Guard Base, Wisconsin, Aug. 10, 2022. Nomads will integrate with 4th- and 5th-generation assets from the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy, U.S. Marine Corps and U.S. Air National Guard during the tactical-level, joint training exercise replicating todays air battlespace. (U.S. Air Force video by Airman 1st Class Leandra Garcia)

A U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II pilot with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 242 prepares to enter the aircraft during Exercise Resolute Dragon 22 at Misawa Air Base, Japan, Oct. 13, 2022. Resolute Dragon 22 is an annual bilateral exercise designed to strengthen the defensive capabilities of the U.S.-Japan Alliance by exercising integrated command and control, targeting, combined arms, and maneuver across multiple domains.

PHILIPPINE SEA (Jan. 21, 2022) The Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72) conducts flight operations. Operating as part of U.S. Pacific Fleet, Abraham Lincoln is conducting training to preserve and protect a free and open Indo-Pacific region.

An F-22 Raptor assigned to the 27th Fighter Squadron, Langley Air Force Base, Virginia, takes off for a mission, during Red Flag-Nellis 22-3 at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada, July 11, 2022. During RF-N 22-3 the aggressor nation refines threat replication, applies advanced threats and jamming capabilities and increased threat capabilities to maximize training in non-permissive environments.

U.S. Marine Corps Lance Cpl. Dylan Chavez, a fixed wing aircraft mechanic with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 242, signals to an F-35B Lightning II aircraft at Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, Japan, June 28, 2022. Marines with VMFA-242 conducted close air support with inert GBU-12 Paveway II laser-guided bombs at Combined Arms Training Center, Fuji in support of 3rd Battalion, 2nd Marine Regiment. This training marked the first-ever live close air support missions in Japan with an F-35B Lightning II aircraft.

A U.S. Marine Corps F-35 Lightning II from Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 242, out of Iwakuni, Japan, parks at Kunsan Air Base, Republic of Korea, Oct 31, 2022. The aircraft traveled to Kunsan as a part of the Pacific Air Forces command sponsored VIGILANT STORM 23 training event. VIGILANT STORM integrates U.S. and ROK forces to train on mutual support procedures and maximizes command and control capabilities that improves understanding and trust between the two nations.

A U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor conducts a heritage flight during the 2022Marine Corps Air Station Miramar Air Show at MCAS Miramar, San Diego, California, Sept. 24,2022. The F-22 Raptor is the Air Force's fifth-generation fighter aircraft. Its combination ofstealth, supercruise, maneuverability, and integrated avionics, coupled with improvedsupportability, represents an exponential leap in warfighting capabilities. The theme for the2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show, Marines Fight, Evolve and Win,” reflects the Marine Corps’ongoing modernization efforts to prepare for future conflicts.

Italian Air Force F-35A in its shelter at Amendola Air Base, Italy.

An F-35A Lightning II team parks the aircraft for the first time at Mountain Home Air Force Base, Idaho, Feb. 8, 2016. The aircraft arrived at the base to conduct operational testing in order to determine its combat capabilities.

220905-N-XN177-1257 SOUTH CHINA SEA (Sept. 5, 2022) - An F-35B Lightning II aircraft assigned to Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM) 262 (Reinforced) launches from amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7) Sept. 5, 2022. Tripoli is operating in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability with allies and partners and serve as a ready response force to defend peace and maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

An F-35B Lightning II with 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, San Diego, California, conducts an aerial demonstration during the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show at MCAS Miramar, Sept. 24, 2022. The F-35B Lightning II, flown by aviators with Marine Fighter Attack Training Squadron 502, is equipped with short takeoff and vertical landing capability that expands its range by allowing it to operate from naval vessels and in austere, expeditionary environments. The theme for the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show, Marines Fight, Evolve and Win, reflects the Marine Corps ongoing modernization efforts to prepare for future conflicts.

220905-N-XN177-1243 SOUTH CHINA SEA (Sept. 5, 2022) - An F-35B Lightning II aircraft assigned to Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM) 262 (Reinforced) launches from amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7) Sept. 5, 2022. Tripoli is operating in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability with allies and partners and serve as a ready response force to defend peace and maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

An F-35A Lightning II assigned to the 419th Fighter Wing, Hill Air Force Base, Utah takes off from the runway at the Air Dominance Center during Sentry Savannah on May 2, 2022. Sentry Savannah is the Air National Guards largest air-to-air, joint aerial combat exercise for fourth and fifth generation fighters, which tests the capabilities of our warfighters in a simulated environment and trains the next generation of fighter pilots for tomorrows fight.

A U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II aircraft with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 121 launches from the flight deck of the amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7), while underway, June 11, 2022. Marines with VMFA-121, based out of Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, Japan, are conducting flight operations within U.S. 7th Fleet in support of a free and open Indo-Pacific.

PHILIPPINE SEA (April 19, 2022) An F-35C Lightning II, assigned to the "Black Knights" of Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 314, launches from the flight deck of the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72). Abraham Lincoln Strike Group is on a scheduled deployment in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability through alliances and partnerships while serving as a ready-response force in support of a free and open Indo-Pacific region.

A U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II aircraft assigned to Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 242 lands at Ie Shima Okinawa, Japan, Oct. 24, 2022. III Marine Expeditionary Force hosted a media workshop event for Okinawan media representatives to provide a better understanding of what III MEF does in order to enhance relationships with their host nation. The media representatives had the opportunity to fly on military aircraft, observe live-fire ranges, and visit the Jungle Warfare Training Center.

220701-N-XN177-1178 EAST CHINA SEA (July 1, 2022) - An F-35B Lightning II aircraft assigned to Marine Strike Fighter Squadron (VMFA) 121 launches from the flight deck aboard amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7), July 1, 2022. Tripoli is operating in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability with allies and partners and serve as a ready response force to defend peace and maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

220804-N-VJ326-1307 PACIFIC OCEAN (Aug. 4, 2022) - An F-35B Lightning II aircraft assigned to Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM) 262 (Reinforced) taxis on the flight deck aboard amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7), Aug. 4, 2022. Tripoli is operating in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability with allies and partners and serve as a ready response force to defend peace and maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

A U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II attached to Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 225, 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit, takes off from the flight deck of the amphibious assault ship USS Boxer (LHD 4) in the Pacific Ocean, Jan. 5, 2024. The 15th MEU is currently embarked aboard the Boxer Amphibious Ready Group conducting integrated training and routine operations in U.S. 3rd Fleet.

220527-XN177-1018 PACIFIC OCEAN (May 27, 2022) - An F-35B Lightning II aircraft assigned to Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 121 lands aboard amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7), May 27, 2022. Tripoli is conducting routine operations in U.S. 7th Fleet.

220830-N-XN177-2037 SOUTH CHINA SEA (Aug. 30, 2022) - An F-35B Lightning II aircraft assigned to Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM) 262 (Reinforced) launches from amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7), Aug. 30, 2022. Tripoli is operating in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability with allies and partners and serve as a ready response force to defend peace and maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

221013-N-XN177-2194 PHILIPPINE SEA (Oct. 13, 2022) - An F-35B Lightning II aircraft assigned to Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM) 262 (Reinforced) launches from the flight deck aboard amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7) Oct. 13, 2022. Tripoli is operating in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability with allies and partners and serve as a ready response force to defend peace and maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

A U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor conducts a heritage flight during the 2022 Marine Corps Air Station Miramar Air Show at MCAS Miramar, San Diego, California, Sept. 24, 2022. The F-22 Raptor is the Air Forces fifth-generation fighter aircraft. Its combination of stealth, super-cruise, maneuverability, and integrated avionics, coupled with improved supportability, represents an exponential leap in war-fighting capabilities. The theme for the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show, “Marines Fight, Evolve and Win,” reflects the Marine Corps ongoing modernization efforts to prepare for future conflicts.

The Marine Air-Ground Task Force demonstration takes place during the 2022 Marine Corps Air Station Miramar Air Show at MCAS Miramar, San Diego, California, Sept. 23, 2022. The MAGTF Demo displays the coordinated use of close-air support, artillery and infantry forces, and provides a visual representation of how the Marine Corps operates. The theme for the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show, Marines Fight, Evolve and Win, reflects the Marine Corps ongoing modernization efforts to prepare for future conflicts.

U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II aircraft with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 121 stage aboard the amphibious assault ship USS Tripoli (LHA 7), while underway, May 29, 2022. Marines with VMFA-121, based out of Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, Japan, are conducting lightning carrier operations in support of a free and open Indo-Pacific.

A U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor assigned to the 27th Fighter Squadron, Langley Air Force Base, Virginia, takes off during Red Flag-Nellis 22-3 at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada, July 12, 2022. The F-22 Raptor is a combination of stealth, super-cruise, maneuverability, and integrated avionics, coupled with improved supportability, represents an exponential leap in warfighting capabilities.

An F-22A Raptor from the 95th Fighter Squadron at Tyndall Air Force Base, Fla., flies over the Nevada Test and Training Range during Red Flag 15-3 at Nellis AFB, Nev., July 31, 2015. Red Flag gives aircrews and air support operations service members from various airframes, military services and allied countries an opportunity to integrate and practice combat operations.

49th Fighter Wing Maintenance crews work their end of runway checks with F-22 Raptor crews prior to takeoff at Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico.

A U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II aircraft with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 242 taxis during field carrier landing practice (FCLP) at Ie Shima, Japan, Oct. 18, 2022. Marine Corps pilots with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 242 conduct field carrier landing practice training to maintain a high level of readiness in the Indo-Pacific.

A U.S. Air Force F-35 Lightning II crew chief, with the 419th Fighter Wing, prepares to greet a 419FW pilot after their arrival at the Air Dominance Center, a Combat Readiness Training Center, April 30, 2022, at Savannah, Georgia. Sentry Savannah 2022 is the Air National Guards premier counter air exercise, encompassing 10 units of fourth and fifth generation fighter aircraft, which tests the capabilities of our warfighters in a simulated near-peer environment and trains the next generation of fighter pilots for tomorrows fight.

The F-22 Demonstration Team touches down at Patrick Space Force Base, Fla., May 19, 2022. The demo team performed at the Space Coast International Air Show in Titusville, Fla.

A U.S. Marine F-35B Lightning II aircraft with Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 122 conducts simulated air to air combat operations in support of RED FLAG-Alaska 22-1 at Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska, May 11, 2022. RF-A serves as an ideal platform for international engagement, enabling the exchange of tactics, techniques and procedures while improving interoperability to maintain a free and open Indo-Pacific.

U.S. Marine Corps Col. Byron Sullivan, commanding officer, Marine Operational Test and Evaluation Squadron (VMX) 1, flies an F-35B Lightning II during operation OBSIDIAN ICEBERG en route to Marine Corps Air Station Yuma, Arizona, May 25, 2022. OBSIDIAN ICEBERG is an Expeditionary Advanced Base Operation exercise designed to develop emerging tactics to ensure the Marine Corps is war fighting ready and lethal.

A U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor participates in the 2022 Marine Corps Air Station Miramar Air Show at MCAS Miramar, San Diego, California, Sept. 24, 2022. The F-22 Raptor is the Air Forces fifth-generation fighter aircraft. Its combination of stealth, supercruise, maneuverability, and integrated avionics, coupled with improved supportability, represents an exponential leap in warfighting capabilities. The theme for the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show, Marines Fight, Evolve and Win, reflects the Marine Corps ongoing modernization efforts to prepare for future conflicts.

PHILIPPINE SEA (May 13, 2022) An F-35C Lightning II, assigned to the "Black Knights" of Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 314, flies by the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72). Abraham Lincoln Strike Group is on a scheduled deployment in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability through alliances and partnerships while serving as a ready-response force in support of a free and open Indo-Pacific region.

A U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor with the 325th Fighter Wing, approaches a KC-135 Stratotanker with the 117th Air Refueling Wing, Alabama Air National Guard, to refuel in-flight during Sentry Savannah May 11, 2022, in a military operations area over Florida. Sentry Savannah is the Air National Guards premier counter air exercise, encompassing 10 units of fourth- and fifth- generation fighter aircraft, which tests the capabilities of warfighters in a simulated near-peer environment and trains the next generation of fighter pilots for tomorrows fight.

An Air Combat Command F-22 Raptor Demonstration Team aircraft flies during the AirPower over Hampton Roads Open House at Langley Air Force Base, Va., April 24, 2016. The team also works with the Air Force Heritage flight exhibiting the professional qualities the Air Force develops in the people who fly, maintain and support these aircraft.

Three U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptors cruise above Nevada.

A Total Force F-22 Raptor pilot conducts a preflight check on the auxiliary power unit during a joint exercise Jan. 21, 2022, at Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Hawaii. The exercise provides high-quality training to the Total Force and Department of Defense services to increase lethality and readiness for present and future warfighters. The 'Hawaiian Raptors' operated by ANG and active-duty Airmen from the 199th and 19th Fighter Squadrons. (U.S. Air National Guard photo by Master Sgt. Mysti Bicoy)

A U.S. Navy Sailor assigned to the Strike Fighter Squadron (VFA) 147, Naval Air Station Lemoore, California, directs the pilot of an F-35C participating in a Red Flag 22-3 mission at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada, July 13, 2022. Red Flag-Nellis 22-3 provides realistic combat training that saves lives while increasing combat effectiveness.

Staff Sgt. Keyli Pillaro-Estrada, 57th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron crew chief, conducts pre-flight checks on a Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II prior to a flight during Black Flag 22-2, at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada, Sept. 21, 2022. Pillaro-Estrada, normally an Air Force F-35A crew chief, tested interoperability with the Marine Corps version, the F-35B.

A U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor conducts a heritage flight during the 2022Marine Corps Air Station Miramar Air Show at MCAS Miramar, San Diego, California, Sept. 24,2022. The F-22 Raptor is the Air Force's fifth-generation fighter aircraft. Its combination ofstealth, supercruise, maneuverability, and integrated avionics, coupled with improvedsupportability, represents an exponential leap in warfighting capabilities. The theme for the2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show, Marines Fight, Evolve and Win,” reflects the Marine Corps’ongoing modernization efforts to prepare for future conflicts.

An Royal Australian Air Force F-35 Lightning II is refueled by an U.S. Air Force Airman form the 355th Logistics Readiness Squadron during a BLACK FLAG 22-1 Forward Area Refueling Point (FARP) training mission May 12, 2021, at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada. As part of Agile Combat Employment, Forward Area Refueling Point training prepares Airmen to effectively refuel aircraft in austere locations when air-to-air refueling is not possible or when fueling stations are not accessible.

U.S. Air Force Maj. Joshua "Cabo" Gunderson, commander of the Air Combat Command F-22 Raptor Demonstration Team from Langley Air Force Base, Hampton, Va., performs during the Arctic Thunder Open House at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska, July 31, 2022. The team flies at airshows around the globe, performing maneuvers that demonstrate the capabilities of the fifth-generation fighter aircraft.

The 192nd Wing hosts a Boss Lift event on June 4, 2022, at Joint Base Langley-Eustis, Virginia. Airmen nominated supervisors from 14 civilian employers for exceptional support of their Virginia Air National Guard careers. The employers flew in an Ohio Air National Guard KC-135 Stratotanker and witnessed aerial refueling of F-22 Raptors. The Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve (ESGR) presented awards to the employers. ESGR is a U.S. Department of Defense program promoting cooperation and understanding between civilian employers and their Guard and Reserve employees.

U.S. Air Force aircraft participate in a capabilities demonstration in honor of the U.S. Air Force's 75th Anniversary at Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska, Aug. 12, 2022. Aircraft, including F-35A Lightning II, F-16 Fighting Falcon and F-22 Raptor aircraft, participated in the 75-fighter jet formation.

An Airman walks across the flightline during a capabilities demonstration at Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska, Aug. 12, 2022. The demonstration showcased the ability to rapidly generate and launch different fighter aircraft to include fifth-generation fighters like the F-35 Lightning II and the F-22 Raptor.

U.S. Air Force Lt. Col. Dustin Jammer Johnson, a F-22 pilot and the 525th Fighter Squadron deputy of operations, returns from a deployment at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska, March 30, 2023. The 525th Bulldogs deployed to Kadena Air Base, Japan, to support the Pacific Air Forces effort to bring advanced fighter aircraft to the western Pacific.

A U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor performs maneuvers during The Great Texas Airshow, Apr. 22, 2022, at JBSA-Randolph, Texas. The Great Texas Airshow, featuring the Thunderbirds, is scheduled for April 22 thru 24 at JBSA-Randolph. Through air shows and flyovers, they aim to excite and inspire while showcasing the elite skills all pilots must possess.

220701-N-XN177-1151 EAST CHINA SEA (July 1, 2022) - An F-35B Lightning II aircraft assigned to Marine Strike Fighter Squadron (VMFA) 121 taxis on the flight deck aboard amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7), July 1, 2022. Tripoli is operating in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability with allies and partners and serve as a ready response force to defend peace and maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

A U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor assigned to the 3rd Wing flies next to a KC-135 Stratotanker assigned to the 117th Aerial Refueling Squadron, Forbes Field, Kansas during RED FLAG-Alaska 22-3 over the Joint Pacific Alaska Range Complex, Alaska, August 2, 2022. The Joint Pacific Alaska Range Complex is the best place to train 5th Generation aviators. It is the largest airspace over land that we have in the Department of Defense and its size is optimal to push the capabilities of 5th generation aircraft pilots forward.

U.S. Marine Corps Lt. Col. Michael Wyrsch, commanding officer, Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 242 conducts pre-flight checks in an F-35B Lightning II aircraft during his final flight at Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, Japan, June 15, 2022. Lt. Col. Wyrsch conducted his final flight with VMFA-242 after serving 20 years in the U.S. Marine Corps.

221020-N-XN177-2061 EAST CHINA SEA (Oct. 20, 2022) - An F-35B Lightning II aircraft assigned to Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM) 262 (Reinforced) launches from the flight deck aboard amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7) Oct. 20, 2022. Tripoli is operating in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability with allies and partners and serve as a ready response force to defend peace and maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

Staff Sgt. Keyli Pillaro-Estrada, 57th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron crew chief, prepares a Marine Corps pilot assigned to Marine Operational Test & Evaluation Squadron 1, Marine Corps Air Station Yuma, Arizona for a mission during Black Flag 22-2, at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada, Sept. 21, 2022. Pillaro-Estrada launched a Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II during the large force joint test exercise as part of the train like we fight mission objective.

A U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor aircraft assigned to the 90th Fighter Squadron, Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska, approaches a U.S. Air Force KC-135 Stratotanker aircraft assigned to the 100th Air Refueling Wing at Royal Air Force Mildenhall, England, over Poland, Aug. 10, 2022. The 90th FS has been forward deployed to the 32nd Tactical Air Base in Łask, Poland, in support of NATO Air Shielding in the European Theater to increase the air and missile defense posture along the Eastern flank of the Alliance.

220405-N-CZ759-1239 PACIFIC OCEAN (April 5, 2022) - Two F-35B Lightning II aircraft attached to Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 122 prepare to land on the flight deck aboard amphibious assault ship USS Tripoli (LHA 7), April 5. VMFA-122 is embarked aboard Tripoli as part of the U.S. Marine Corps Lightning carrier concept demonstration. The Lightning carrier concept demonstration shows Tripoli and other amphibious assault ships are capable of operating as dedicated fixed-wing strike platforms when needed, capable of bringing fifth generation Short Takeoff/Vertical Landing aircraft wherever they are required.

DF-ST-86-09473. Country: Unknown

An F-35A Lightning II taxies as a part of Exercise Agile Tiger on Whiteman Air Force Base, Missouri on April 4, 2022. Exercise Agile Tiger is designed to enhance our ability to communicate, collaborate, and operate with our joint service partners.

U.S. Air Force maintenance personnel assigned to the 3rd Aircraft Maintenance Squadron conduct post-flight inspections on an F-22 Raptor assigned to the 525th Fighter Squadron after it arrives for a temporary deployment to Kadena Air Base, Japan, Nov. 8, 2022. For decades, Kadena Air Base has served as the keystone of the Pacific. The base's strategic position makes it a vital staging location for forces to deter regional adversaries and project U.S. airpower throughout the Indo-Pacific.

General Dynamics F-16A.

Two F-35A Lightning II aircraft assigned to the 158th Fighter Wing, Vermont Air National Guard, prepare to take off from Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany, August 2, 2022. Eight fighters from Vermont arrived at Spangdahlem on May 2, 2022, to continue to support and integrate, hardening the alliances solidarity, collective resolve, overall increasing NATOs ability to adapt to a dynamic warfighting environment.

U.S. Marine Corps F-35B Lightning IIs assigned to Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 121 participate in an aerial refueling mission during 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit and Tripoli Amphibious Ready Group integrated training over the East China Sea, Aug. 18, 2022. The 31st MEU is operating aboard ships of the Tripoli ARG in the 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability with allies and partners and serve as a ready response force to defend peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

CHESAPEAKE BAY, Md. (Oct. 17, 2016) Aircraft CF-02, an F-35 Lightning II Carrier Variant attached to the F-35 Pax River Integrated Test Force (ITF) assigned to Air Test and Evaluation Squadron (VX) 23 completes a flyover of the guided-missile destroyer USS Zumwalt (DDG1000).

020416-F-2939A-009. Subject Operation/Series: ENDURING FREEDOM Base: Manas International Airport Country: Kyrgyzstan (KGZ)

050107-F-0986R-003. Base: Langley Air Force Base State: Virginia (VA) Country: United States Of America (USA)

Three U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor aircraft assigned to the 90th Fighter Squadron, Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska, fly alongside a U.S. Air Force KC-135 Stratotanker aircraft assigned to the 100th Air Refueling Wing at Royal Air Force Mildenhall, England, over Poland, Aug. 10, 2022. The NATO Air Shielding mission provides a near seamless shield from the Baltic to Black Seas, ensuring NATO Allies are better able to safeguard and protect Alliance territory, populations and forces from air and missile threat.

U.S. Air Force F-35A Lightning IIs assigned to the 61st Fighter Squadron and an F-16 Fighting Falcon aircraft assigned to the 309th Fighter Squadron, fly in formation, Jan. 19, 2024, over Luke AFB, Arizona. The F-35A is an agile, versatile, high-performance, 9 G-force capable multirole fighter that combines stealth, sensor fusion and unprecedented situational awareness. Flying operations at Luke AFB contribute to advancing training, producing mission command focused U.S., allied and partner Airmen to meet warfighter needs.

220905-N-XN177-1410 SOUTH CHINA SEA (Sept. 5, 2022) - An F-35B Lighting II aircraft assigned to Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM) 262 (Reinforced) taxis aboard amphibious assault carrier USS Tripoli (LHA 7) Sept. 5, 2022. Tripoli is operating in the U.S. 7th Fleet area of operations to enhance interoperability with allies and partners and serve as a ready response force to defend peace and maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

Royal Australian Air Force F-35A Lightning IIs from No. 3 Squadron, fly in formation alongside a Hawaii Air National Guard aircraft during exercise PACIFIC EDGE 23 on December 7, 2022, near the coast of Oahu, Hawaii. The U.S. Air Force routinely trains alongside allied partners, such as the RAAF, and is postured respond to crises and contingencies throughout the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command.

An F-22 Raptor assigned to the 90th Expeditionary Fighter Squadron, Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska, taxis prior to a hot-pit refuel at Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany, on Sept. 27, 2022, before to returning to Łask, Poland. Integration with NATO Allies and partners demonstrates the Alliances dedication to deter and defend in an increasingly complex and changing security environment.

The United States Womens National Volleyball Team visited the 90th Expeditionary Fighter Squadron at Łask Air Base, Poland to tour the U.S. Air Force F-22 Raptor and learn about the 90th EFS mission in Poland. The 90th EFS forward deployed in support of NATOs Air Shielding mission to enhance the defense posture on the eastern flank. The USAVWNT competed in the World Championship tournament in a nearby city to the base. Airmen from the 90th EFS and the USAVWNT had the opportunity to support each other during their time away from home.

Two U.S. Air Force Airmen with the 18th Logistics Readiness Squadron conduct refueling operations on an F-35A Lightning II assigned to the 4th Fighter Squadron, Hill Air Force Base, Utah, during a forward area refueling point demonstration observed by Japan Air Self-Defense Force and 788th Wing leaders at Kadena Air Base, Japan, Feb. 14, 2024. To sustain readiness in adverse conditions, FARP training can take place anytime, day or night. When a fighter squadron has FARP support, choices are increased in a contested environment. Air Force

An F-22 Raptor from Tyndall Air Force Base, Fla. flies over the Gulf of Mexico, April 1, 2017. The Raptor was taking part in a flight alongside a KC-135 Stratotanker to show appreciation to the employers of Guard and Reserve Airmen.

U.S. Air Force Gen. Ken Wilsbach, Pacific Air Forces commander, runs through a preflight check in a F-22 Raptor prior to departure from Royal Australian Air Force Base Tindal, Northern Territory, Australia, Sept. 5, 2022. Wilsbach visited Australia to bolster partnerships through the Enhanced Air Cooperation Agreement. EAC increases interoperability and allow for more productive regional partnerships.

U.S. Air Force Airman 1st Class Caroline Truemper, 90th Expeditionary Fighter Squadron crew chief, marshals an F-22 Raptor for take-off at Łask Air Base, Poland, Sept. 3, 2022. The 90th EFS forward deployed to support NATOs Air Shielding mission.

A Royal Air Force F-35B Lightning II assigned to RAF Marham, prepares to be refueled on the flightline at Royal Air Force Lakenheath, England, June 23, 2022. The aircraft participated in Point Blank 22-3, an exercise designed to help maintain readiness of allied forces, in order to deter adversaries, and ensure the collective defense of the European region.

221203-N-MU675-1082 PACIFIC OCEAN (Dec. 3, 2022) An F-35C Lightning II, assigned to Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 314, launches from the flight deck of the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72). Abraham Lincoln is underway conducting routine operations in U.S. 3rd Fleet.

An F-22 Raptor assigned to the 3rd Wing flies over Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson, Alaska, in support of Polar Force 22-4, March 30, 2022. This is the first Polar Force to be led by the 3rd Wing, with the primary focus on developing Agile Combat Employment and the U.S. Pacific Air Forces ability to fight in a contested, anti-access area denial environment. Operationalizing readiness-enhancing concepts like ACE is critical to ensuring a free and open Indo-Pacific.

An F-35B Lightning II with 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, San Diego, California, conducts an aerial demonstration during the 2022 MCAS Air Show at MCAS Miramar, Sept. 24, 2022. The F-35B Lightning II, flown by aviators with Marine Fighter Attack Training Squadron 502, is equipped with short takeoff and vertical landing capability that expands its range by allowing it to operate from naval vessels and in austere, expeditionary environments. The theme for the 2022 MCAS Miramar Air Show, Marines Fight, Evolve and Win, reflects the Marine Corps ongoing modernization efforts to prepare for future conflicts.

030926-F-3217C-006. Base: Tyndall Air Force Base State: Florida (FL) Country: United States Of America (USA) Scene Major Command Shown: AETC

SEA OF JAPAN (April 13, 2022) An F-35C Lightning II, assigned to the "Black Knights" of Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA) 314, launches from the flight deck of the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72) during a U.S.-Japan bilateral exercise. During bilateral exercises between Abraham Lincoln Carrier Strike Group and Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, the two navies strengthen all-domain awareness and maneuvers across a distributed maritime environment. Bilateral operations like this one, reassure our allies and partners of the U.S. commitment to maintaining a free and open Indo-Pacific region.

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