Historical Physics Apparatus

Illustrations of historic scientific instruments, including levers, looms, and dyeing equipment, showcasing mechanical engineering and early physics experiments.

pl. V, Dying silk, pl. V The art of dying wool, silk, and cotton, Hellot, Jean, 1685-1766, Engraving, 1789

Les forces physiques ... Fig. 3. Appareil de Cavendish. Cazin, Achille (Achille Auguste) (1832-1877). Illustrations. 1869. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Physics, Weights & measures, Measuring instruments

Fig. CXLVII. Pneusticum oragnum, cum pondere. Pneusssticon orgaum, pondere reciprocandum.. Bockler, Georg Andreas. Prints, Drawings, Design drawings. 1662. Rare Book Division. Mechanical engineering, Machinery, Mills and mill-work, Bellows, Water pumps, Gearing

Plate IV of 'Travail et emploi du Coton' from Diderot's Encyclopia, Vol. I, Robert Bénard, French, 1734-1772, Louis-Jacques Goussier, French, 1722 - 1799, Engraving on white paper, Upper register, a man seated, weaving cotton, in a room. Lower register, the loom shown from the side, parts lettered., France, 1762, graphic design, Print, Print

pl. V, Dying silk, pl. V The art of dying wool, silk, and cotton, Hellot, Jean, 1685-1766, Engraving, 1789

Elevations of a forge with various implements. Etching by Bénard after Lucotte.

Thirty-hour clock with a larum and count wheel striking work. Copperplate engraving by Wilson Lowry after a drawing by John Farey from Abraham Rees' Cyclopedia or Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences and Literature, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, London, 1816.

Etching, Balotter Machine, from Encyclopédie 1762-1777 France. Engraving on cream laid paper . Bénard

Turning: a turner's workshop, a large lathe, tools ranged around the walls. Engraving by R. Bénard after Lucotte.

Physical Instruments, Nicolaas van Frankendaal, 1759 print Display of instruments for physical research, with numbers. Print at the top right marked: pl. 2. Amsterdam paper etching physics (+ tools, instruments; laboratory equipment ~ scientific research)

Design Camera Obscura, from Encyclopédie 1762-1777 France. Engraving on cream laid paper . A. J. Defehrt

Design: Camera Obscura, from Encyclopédie. A. J. Defehrt (French, active 18th century); after Louis-Jaques Goussier (French, 1722-1799); published by André le Breton (French, 1708-1779), Michel-Antoine David (French, c. 1707-1769), Laurent Durand (French, 1712-1763), and Antoine-Claude Briasson (French, 1700-1775). Date: 1762-1777. Dimensions: 400 × 260 mm. Engraving on cream laid paper. Origin: France. Museum: The Chicago Art Institute, USA. Author: A. J. Defehrt.

Coinage: (a) coining apparatus (b) various components of the apparatus. Etching by Bénard after Lucotte.

Hooke's microscope with condenser for concentrating light, 1665. Artist: Unknown

Physics instruments. Display of physical research tools, provided with numbers. Print at the top right labeled: PL. 2.

Enamelling: an enameller working at his lamp, operating bellows with his foot (top), equipment (below). Engraving by Defehrt after L.J. Goussier.

Physical Instruments, Nicolaas van Frankendaal, 1759 print Display of instruments for physical research, with numbers and letters. Print in the middle of it marked: Tom. II.7me Leçon. Pl. 3. Amsterdam paper etching physics (+ tools, instruments; laboratory equipment ~ scientific research)

Bleaching: vats and cauldrons for bleaching cloth. Engraving by A. Bell.

Compound microscope mechanisms and parts including Adams' and Martin's. Copperplate engraving by Wilson Lowry after a drawing by J. Farey from Abraham Rees' Cyclopedia or Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences and Literature, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, London, 1820.

Planche 1, Guerison de la paralysie, par l'electricite

J. Priestley, Experiments and Observations

Distilla device with indications A-F, Jan Luyken, 1689 print Print left and top right marked: fol. 12 - Fig 1. Amsterdam paper etching laboratory (+ tools, instruments; laboratory equipment ~ scientific research). pharmacy, pharmaceutics

Types of fire-engines and different parts thereof with figure numbers. Engraving by Henry Winkles for G. Heck.

$Surgery: an assortment of surgical instruments, including a contraption for complex fractures and a machine for the luxation of dislocated arms. A man is tied with his left arm into the machine. Engraving with etching by Defehrt after L.-J. Goussier.$

Steam engine machinery; first fire engine, Holland, 1660; diving bell. Knight, Charles, 1791-1873. Prints, Illustrations. 1858. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Art, Industrial arts, Steam engines, Fire engines , Netherlands

Locks: details of two types of lock. Engraving by Mutlow after J. Farey.

Baker shredder placed above a bread mixer, illustration from L'Industria, Rivista tecnica ed economica illustrata, Milan, 1887.

Buttonnier, mold maker, A.J. Defehrt, 1751 - 1772 print Nine tools for making knots. Planche II. From encyclopédie ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des art et métiers by Denis Diderot and Jean le around d'Alembert, Paris, 1751-1772. paper engraving / letterpress printing fashion plates. button

Textiles: lace making, details of equipment. Engraving by R. Benard after Lucotte.

Metalworking: needle manufacture; Egyptian cutlery grinder.. Knight, Charles, 1791-1873. Prints, Illustrations. 1858. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Art, Industrial arts, Metalworking

Plate showing distillation of spirit. Engraving from Denis Diderot, Jean Baptiste Le Rond d'Alembert, L'Encyclopedie, 1751-1757.

Textiles: silk spinning (top), and the equipment used (below). Engraving by R. Benard after L.-J. Goussier.

Textiles: ribbon making, pressing and working at a frame (top), details (below). Engraving by R. Benard after Lucotte.

Clocks: jigs for spring-coiling (top), and cog-placing (below). Engraving by Lachaussé after L.J. Goussier.

Clocks and ancient sundials. Knight, Charles, 1791-1873. Prints, Illustrations. 1858. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Art, Industrial arts, Clocks & watches, Sundials

English inventor Lewis Paul's (d1759) cylinder wool carding machine and needle stick. Engraving after his specification drawing for the machine which he patented in 1748. From 'Great Industries of Great Britain' (London, c1889).

Physics instruments. Display of physics research instruments, with numbers and letters. PRENT In the mid top marked: Tom. II.8me Leçon. Pl. 2.

The first iron printing press invented by Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope. Woodblock engraving from the Penny Magazine, Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, 1833.

Diagram of sound as a wave form, top. At bottom are demonstrations of the behaviour of sound in water and in a vacuum. Engraving from ''Mathematical Elements of Natural Philosophy'' by J.T. Desaguliers, London, 1747.

The parts and uses of a pantograph. Engraving by B.L. Prevost after L.J. Goussier.

Joseph Priestley, English clergyman and chemist. Priestley's gas-making apparatus. Date: 1797

Textiles: silk weaving (top), and the equipment used (below). Engraving by R. Benard after L.-J. Goussier.

Illustration depicting an experiment showing how expansion is caused by heat. Fig 1: Copper ring and solid copper ball when cold the ball can pass through the ring. When ball heated the ring supports it. Fig 2: Thermometers containing tinted spirits of wine (ethanol). Fig 3: When thermometers placed in bowl of boiling water spirits of wine expands and rises up the tube. Fig 4: Aeolipile: brass ball partly filled with water. When placed on hot coals water will boil and the steam will rush out at T. Fig 5: Mercury thermometer mounted against a scale (D) and mercury thermometer with no scale board (E) being used in an experiment on effervescence. Dated 18th century

Device for measuring cloth fitted to the counter in a drapers shop. Engraving, London, 1882.

Machinery: various inventions, including a pile-driving hammer, a fountain pen, and several kinds of pump. Engraving by W. Lowry

Alexander Graham Bell's telephone. Engraving 1877.

Floating public bath-house: 2 cross-sections of hull above; cross-section of furnace and various bath apparatus below. Engraving by R. Bénard after J.R. Lucotte, 1762.

Enamelling: a workshop for artificial pearls (above), equipment (below). Engraving by Defehrt after L.J. Goussier.

Electricity: a large electro-static generator machine in use in a tented ? enclosure, with many condenser jars and four operators. Wood engraving, 1839.

Fig. CXXXVI. Haustrum, per capsulas.. Bockler, Georg Andreas. Prints, Drawings, Design drawings. 1662. Rare Book Division. Mechanical engineering, Machinery, Mills and mill-work, Hydraulic facilities, Pulleys, Gearing

Engraving depicting Willem 's Gravesande's heliostat. Willem Jacob 's Gravesande (1688-1742) a Dutch mathematician, astronomer, and natural philosopher. Dated 18th century

A camera obscura shown in use in a landscape and in diagram. Engraving by Defehrt after Goussier.

Dioptra, Level, and Chorobates. Original caption: Dioptra, Level, and Chorobates. Italian translation of the Architecture of Marcus Vitruvius Pollio in Ten Books by G. A. Rusconi. Set of 66 - No. 27.

Pneumatics: freezing apparatus, condensers, condensing engine, pear gauge and condenser gauge, 18th century. Copperplate engraving by Wilson Lowry after an illustration by J. Farey from Abraham Rees' "Cyclopedia or Universal Dictionary," London, 1819.

Otto von Guericke's improvement on Robert Boyle's air pump. From 'Experimental Nova' by Otto von Guericke (Amsterdam, 1672). Engraving

Physics instruments. Display of physics research instruments, with numbers and letters. PRENT In the mid top marked: Tom. II.8me Leçon. Pl. 1.

Float pump for lifting liquid, illustration from L'Industria, Rivista tecnica ed economica illustrata, Milan, 1888.

Photography lab, late 19th century. Old 19th century engraving from La Nature 1887

Destilling equipment, Bernard Picart (workshop of), 1683 - 1733 print Two performances on a leaf. Up and bottom distiller equipment with literate parts. Amsterdam paper etching tools, aids, implements ~ crafts and industries

Plate XLIX from Theatrum instrumentorum et machinarum, Julio Paschale, Woodcut on paper, Pump run by a man, upper right, moving lever to raise and lower a weight, lower left. Water running into trough below man. Bottom of well shown below. Description in Latin on verso of 1949-152-246., Lyon, France, 1582, Print, Print

The 'Undine', 1888, published by J.L. Mott Iron Works in New York. The catalog features plumbing equipment and supplies, including toilets, accompanied by wood engravings

Static electric machines using rubbed glass globes to generate a charge by friction, 1747.

Textiles: tapestry weaving, the warp beam of a loom (top), detail of the shuttle (below). Engraving by R. Benard after Radel.

Distillation equipment. Two performances on a leaf. Above and below distillation equipment with literate parts.

Fig. CLII features a detailed illustration of a dual trochlea, accompanied by a double cochlea. The engraving showcases intricate mechanical engineering elements, including aspects of machinery, mills, waterwheels, water pumps, and gearing. This work was published in 1662 in Cologne by Sumptibus Pauli Principis, Technempolæi Noribergici

Electricity: various belt-driven electro-static generators. Engraving, 1812 by W. Lowry ?.

Illustration depicting a small steam engine with one receiver used for raising water. Dated 19th century

Plate coinage equipment and copying machines. Copperplate engraving by Wilson Lowry after a drawing by J. Farey from Abraham Rees' Cyclopedia or Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences and Literature, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, London, 1820.

Electrical experiments, 18th century. Copperplate engraving by Wilson Lowry after an illustration by John Farey from Abraham Rees' Cyclopedia or Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences and Literature, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, London, 1812.

Plate showing cheese makers and tools. Engraving from Denis Diderot, Jean Baptiste Le Rond d'Alembert, L'Encyclopedie, 1751-1757. Entitled Fromage de Gruieres et de Gerardmer (Gruyere and Gerardmer Cheese).

Insusial a Mechanica, Jean Charles debeifcade, in 1768 - 1771 print A round medallion with a cracked ball surrounded by clouds, there are books, animals and various instruments. Below that a round medallion with a sphere on a cone, a rooster and a beehive, there are measuring instruments all around. Print number 105. Paris paper etching / engraving ornament ~ medallion. chemistry. 'Mecanica' (Ripa)

Physics instruments and models. Display of instruments and models for physical examination, with numbers and letters. PRENT In the mid top marked: Tom. II.5me Leçon. Pl. 3.

Fear Therapy used by Joseph Guislain, the first official psychiatrist of the Southern Netherlands. 1826. The objective of fright therapy is to arouse severe fear and shock reactions. According to Guislain, intensely experienced feelings have a strengthening influence on the psyche. In order to achieve this shock effect, cold water was often used. From J. Guislain, Traité sur l'Aliénation Mentale et sur les Hospices des Aliénés, Amsterdam, 1826, vol. II.

Various distill devices, Jan Luyken, Jan Claesz ten Hoorn, 1683

Techniques of firework making in 18th century France : mounted and stationary devices Date: 1747

Pressur cooker patented in 1884 by W.H. Bailey & Co., Salford, Lancashire, England.

taller de calcógrafos del siglo XIX. De la Enciclopedia Diderot. (1902).

Fig. CVII. Antlia duplex, cum pateotrocho. Antlia duplex, pateotrocho reciprocanda.. Bockler, Georg Andreas. Prints, Drawings, Design drawings. 1662. Rare Book Division. Mechanical engineering, Machinery, Mills and mill-work, Water pumps, Gearing, Troughs

Textiles: lace making, winding threads. Engraving by R. Benard after Lucotte.

Agricultural instruments: EC and role. Two performances on a leaf. Above: the operation of a roll in four figures. Below: an EG to a few wheels.

Recueil de planches, sur les sciences, les arts libéraux, et les arts méchaniques : avec leur explication. Author: Denis Diderot (French, 1713-1784); Jean Le Rond d'Alembert (French, 1717-1783); Pierre Mouchon (French, 1733-1797). Dimensions: 11 volumes ; H: 15 3/4 in. (40 cm). Publisher: Briasson. Date: 1762-72.Chiefly engraved plates (some double, some folded) accompanying "Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers." Livraison 5-10 also called volume 6-11. Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Cross-section elevation through a windmill for stone cutting, drilling and turning machines. Copperplate engraving by Robert Benard from Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond dAlemberts Encyclopedie (Encyclopedia), Geneva, 1778.

Plans, sections, and elevations of a vanity table and a bedside table, created between 1769 and 1774 by M. Roubo (André Jacob). The work was published in Paris by De l'imprimerie de L.F. Delatour, under the auspices of the Académie royale des sciences (France). The illustrations focus on carpentry and joinery techniques

Herde und Öfen, Küchenherde und Küchenöfen, Historisch, digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert

Fig. XXVI. Baromylos.. Bockler, Georg Andreas. Prints, Drawings, Design drawings. 1662. Rare Book Division. Mechanical engineering, Machinery, Mills and mill-work, Pulleys, Flour & meal industry, Gearing

Hydraulics: siphons and pumps. Coloured engraving by J. Lodge.

Hydraulics: two devices, a pump (top), and a wheeled vehicle (below). Woodcut 1659.

Colonial lavatory with Simplex waste. Plate 1124-G. Plate 1125-G.. text. Illustrations, Advertisements, Catalogs. 1877 - 1893. Science, Industry and Business Library: General Collection. Plumbing , Equipment and supplies , Catalogs

Engraving depicting the process of tanning. Figs 4, 5 & 6: Block, box and hammer used to bruise tan. Fig 7: Horse powered powder mill for grinding tan. Dated 18th century

Physics instruments. Display of physical research tools, provided with numbers. PRENT In the mid top labeled: Tom I.2.de Leçon. Pl. 1.

Coulomb torsion balance (1785). Engraving, 19th century.

Hydraulics: three devices. Woodcut, 1659.

Shipping: three views of large propellors, with lifting gear. Engraving, c.1861.

A hand-powered, crank-driven, milling machine. Engraving, 174-.

Fan making, 1751-1777. Artist: Unknown

Thirteen diagrams of a child in the womb in various positions; two obstetrical chairs and several obstetrical instruments. Etching by F. Sesone, 1749, after L. Heister.

Ernst Chladni's figures formed by sand vibrating metal plate. Engraving from ''Forces of Nature'' by Amedee Guillemin, London, 1873.

Design Camera Obscura, from Encyclopédie 1762-1777 France. Engraving on cream laid paper . A. J. Defehrt

Various images of retorts and distiller devices, Jan Luyken, 1689 print Print at the top right marked: no 2. Amsterdam paper etching laboratory (+ tools, instruments; laboratory equipment ~ scientific research). pharmacy, pharmaceutics

Diagram of sound as a wave form, top. Below are experiments to study behaviour of sound in air at different pressures and in a vacuum. Engraving from ''Mathematica Elements of Natural Philosophy'' by J.T. Desaguliers, London, 1731.

Inlayers' workshop: inlaying of various designs on snuff-boxes, and a selection of boring tools used. Etching by Bénard after Lucotte.

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