Mars Surface Features

Images of various Martian landscapes including valleys, dunes, and cliffs, showcasing textures and shades of grey from dust and rock formations.

This MOC image shows repeated layers of material, possibly a combination of dust and ice, or perhaps ancient sedimentary rock, exposed by erosion on a slope in the south polar region of Mars

This MOC image shows a small portion of Evros Vallis, an ancient valley located south of the large impact basin, Schiaparelli. In this image, the walls and floor of the valley, as well as the adjacent upland, are all mantled by dust

This image captured by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) shows a moderate sized dune field that displays most of these morphologic features and a noticeable absence of dune crests.

The cliff face in this image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft is called Rupes Tenius (rupes = scarp). The polar cap is the higher region to the left and the plains are located on the right side of the image.

Terra Sirenum is the location of this image from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft. The unnamed crater has dunes on its floor.

This image from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows a region of plateaus and depressions near the south polar cap.

This MOC image shows repeated layers of material, possibly a combination of dust and ice, or perhaps ancient sedimentary rock, exposed by erosion on a slope in the south polar region of Mars

This image from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft is part of Olympia Undae, but unlike yesterday's image, there is more topography in this region.

Clouds are common feature over the north polar dunes in spring. This image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows line after line of puffy clouds, with hints of dark sand dunes below.

Crater Wall With Gullies

Hebes Chasma Dust Avalanches

Kaiser Crater Dunes (IR)

This VIS image shows part of Olympia Undae, a vast sand sea near the north pole. In regions with limited sand abundance, individual dunes form and the surface below the dunes are visible. This is the case at the top of the image. When sand abundances grow, the individual dunes coalesce into a sheet of sand hiding the underlaying surface. This is the case at the bottom of the image. Orbit Number 80393 Latitude 80.0028 Longitude 143.285 Instrument VIS Captured 2020-01-28 21 30

This THEMIS visible image shows the effects of erosion on a beautiful sequence of dramatically layered rocks within Candor Chasma, which is part of the Valles Marineris.

NASA's Cassini spacecraft peers through the hazy atmosphere of Titan for a close view of light and dark terrain on Saturn's largest moon.

The dunes in this image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft are near the large dune field called Olympia Undae.

The numerous layers of the south polar cap are shown in cross-section in this 2001 Mars Odyssey THEMIS VIS image.

On October 4, 2016, the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument aboard NASA's Terra satellite passed over Hurricane Matthew . Haiti is completely obscured by Matthew's clouds, but part of the Bahamas is visible to the north.

Sediments of Terby

This image of Neptune's south polar region was obtained by NASA's Voyager on Aug. 23, 1989. The smallest cloud features are 45 kilometers (28 miles) in diameter. The image shows the discovery of shadows in Neptune's atmosphere, shadows cast onto a deep cl

Huygens Wind Streak

This image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows layered materials just off the south polar cap.

Cerberus Troughs

Opportunity's Surroundings on Sol 1818 (Vertical)

White Rock' is the unofficial name for this unusual landform which was first observed during NASA's Mariner 9 mission in the early 1970's and is now shown here in an image from NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft.

Noachis Pit Crater Gullies

'Naturaliste' Crater, Opportunity SOl 387

Inside Eros' Large Crater

This image shows a cross-section of ancient canyon systems in east Coprates Chasma, and displays several orders and generations of wind-driven dunes and ripples, also called bedforms. Some areas display more modern bedforms, often termed mega-ripples, which have likely been active over long timescales and have migrated in the recent past. Other areas along the canyon wall have larger bedforms that show a very different appearance. Although they have a spacing that would make them similar to typical Martian sand dunes, many display superposed craters, indicating they have not migrated for a very long time, possibly hundreds of thousands of years.

Turbulent region west of Jupiter's Great Red Spot. This four image mosaic shows the Great Red Spot on Jupiter's eastern edge or limb as seen by NASA's Galileo orbiter d on June 26, 1996.

$This visible-light image, taken by the thermal emission imaging system's camera on NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft, shows the highly fractured, faulted and deformed Acheron Fossae region of Mars.$

Solar Conjunction Ends: Nirgal Vallis

Io - Southern Hemisphere

This daytime infrared image shows the majority of the sand sheet and dune forms within Richardson Crater.

This Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) image shows a suite of gullies on a scarp in Lyell Crater

Saturn's Northern Hemisphere

$Angustus Labyrinthus is a unique region near the south polar cap. The squares formed by intersecting ridges earned the feature the informal name of the Inca City when it was discovered in Mariner 9 images in 1972. The linear ridges are believed to have formed by volcanic and tectonic forces, where magma filled fractures in the subsurface and then erosion revealed the magmatic material. Orbit Number 84113 Latitude -81.4396 Longitude 296.074 Instrument VIS Captured 2020-11-30 03 44$

Jupiter's Equatorial Region in Violet Light (Time Set 2)

NASA's Dawn spacecraft obtained this image of bright and dark materials on Vesta's surface on August 6, 2011. This image was taken through the framing camera's clear filter aboard the spacecraft.

This simulated voyage over the surface of Neptune's large moon Triton was produced using topographic maps derived from images acquired by NASA's Voyager spacecraft during its August 1989 flyby, 20 years ago this week.

Mesas and troughs in Nilosyrtis region, Mars

This image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows layered material near the south polar cap.

The unnamed crater is filled with a large amount of sand, the surface of which has been sculpted into dune forms. This type of crater fill is common at high latitude. This image is from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft.

Intracrater Dunes

Old Crater

Spirit's View on Sol 110 (right eye)

Russell Crater Dunes. The complex dune forms in this VIS image are located on the floor of Russell Crater. The large ridge dune is unique to Russell Crater. Russell Crater is located in Noachis Terra and is 135km (83miles) in diameter. Orbit Number 91018 Latitude -54.3869 Longitude 13.2455 Instrument VIS Captured 2022-06-21 17 11

This MOC image shows an impact crater that is approximately 3.5 kilometers (2.2 miles) in diameter. Layered rock units are visible on the inside of the raised crater rim

These dunes are located on the plains around Doanus Vallis as seen by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft.

Not all Martian sand dunes are located in craters. This image from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows dunes located on the plains of Terra Sirenum.

Tractus Fossae Pit Chain

Ganges Chasma Sands

Today's VIS image shows the floor of Matara Crater (center of image). A large sand sheet with surface dune forms dominates the floor of this crater located in Noachis Terra. A similar dune complex is visible in an unnamed crater near the top of the image. Matara Crater is 48km (30 miles) in diamenter. Orbit Number 83087 Latitude -48.3688 Longitude 34.0401 Instrument VIS Captured 2020-09-06 16 04

North Polar Region Dunes Focus Test Image

NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey image shows part of Ophir Chasma. Note the landslide deposits near the top of the image.

As northern spring progresses, clouds continue to cover large portions of the north polar region. This image captured by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft.

Vintage Photograph. Photograph of the sun. Frame 2.

This image shows a portion of a pit chain on the lower, northern flank of the giant martian volcano, Arsia Mons.

Faint clouds can be seen to the northeast of this crater. The bright and dark bands against the NE crater rim (interior and exterior) are bright clouds and their shadows

Shredding a Cloud

Whirlwinds of Saturn

Io - high resolution

Dairy Produce. Photographs of Marshall Plan Programs, Exhibits, and Personnel

Crater Isabella, with a diameter of 175 kilometers, seen in this Magellan radar image, is the second largest impact crater on Venus.

AS11-43-6412 (July 1969) --- This is a northeasterly, low-oblique view of an unmanned crater and highland area on the lunar farside, as photographed from Apollo 11. The center of the picture is located at the 167 degrees east longitude and 6 degrees north latitude. This area of the moon lies just east of International Astronomical Union crater No. 220.

SL2-05-102 (June 1973) --- A black and white photograph of the San Francisco Bay California area, taken from the Skylab 1-2 space station cluster in Earth orbit. THE PICTURE SHOULD BE HELD WITH THE CLOUDS AND PACIFIC OCEAN ON THE LEFT. This photograph was taken by one of six lenses of the Itek-furnished S190-A Multispectral Photographic Facility Experiment in the Multiple Docking Adapter of the space station. Note the thickly populated and highly developed area around the Bay. Among the cities visible in this photograph are San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley and San Jose. This view extends eastward to show a portion of the San Joaquin Valley. The S190-A experiment is part of the Skylab Earth Resources Experiments Package (EREP). Type SO-022 film was used. This station covered the spectral region from 0.6 to .07 micrometers.

Smooth earth space from a great height

This image from the High-Resolution Instrument on NASA's EPOXI mission spacecraft shows part of the nucleus of comet Hartley 2. The sun is illuminating the nucleus from the right. A distinct cloud of individual particles is visible.

This enhanced image, one of the closest taken of comet Harley 2 by NASA's EPOXI mission, shows jets and where they originate from the surface. There are jets outgassing from the sunward side, the night side, and along the terminator.

Photograph taken by Arthur von Hübl in 1916 using a long-distance and scissor removal camera on glass diapositive.

Aerial view of a part of the area affected during the flood disaster of 1953. Note: The description of this photo is not yet complete and will be supplemented on the basis of the data available at a later stage. However, of many photos of the flood disaster 1953, the location is unknown.

Opportunity View on Sol 398 (vertical)

Aerial view of a part of the area affected during the flood disaster of 1953. Note: The description of this photo is not yet complete and will be supplemented on the basis of the data available at a later stage. However, of many photos of the flood disaster 1953, the location is unknown.

The Tharsis Montes region on Mars is as major center of volcanic and tectonic activity. THEMIS.

Near Polar Dunes. Today's VIS image shows a sand sheet located on the floor of an unnamed crater just north of the edge of the South polar ice cap. The morphology of the dune is different from other sand dunes in lower latitudes. The difference is due to ice cementing the sand grains, making the movement of sand materials almost impossible. Only during the summer season the very surface loses this interstitial ice enough for small movements during windy conditions. Orbit Number 92704 Latitude -71.2469 Longitude 144.353 Instrument VIS Captured 2022-11-07 12 42 https //photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA25805

A very active volcano on Jupiter's moon Io, probably composed of erupting lava fountains, was seen by NASA's Galileo spacecraft.

In geology, a slump forms a mass of loosely consolidated material or a rock layer moves a short distance down a slope. The movement is characterized by sliding along a concave-upward or planar surface. Based on other HiRISE images, this particular slump occurred between 9 March 2020 and 17 February 2021, corresponding to the relatively warm spring and summer of the Southern Hemisphere. This is among the largest active slumps documented on Mars, about 700 meters (0.4 mile) long. Causes of slumping on Earth include earthquake shocks, reduction of friction through wetting, freezing and thawing, undercutting (such as from a stream), and loading of a slope. Based on the geomorphology of this region and other active slumps seen on Mars, we suspect loading of the slope via smaller-scale activity like gullies, recurring slope lineae and windblown deposits may have contributed to the slumping. Perhaps a Marsquake triggered the movement. Note to future Mars explorers setting up camp at the base

4191-V111119056

Today's VIS image shows part of the north polar cap, as well as sand dunes located on the floor of a polar trough. The north polar cap is surrounded by numerous dune fields, as well as dunes within many of the troughs near the polar cap margin. This image was collected during northern summer. Orbit Number 77622 Latitude 85.1591 Longitude 147.496 Instrument VIS Captured 2019-06-14 17 22

Noachis Dust Storm

This low resolution VIS image from NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft shows a large portion of etched terrain near the south pole of Mars.

Long dunes are visible in this image of an unnamed crater in Sisyphi Planum as seen by NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft.

This 3D anaglyph, from NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit, shows a microscopic image taken of the rock called Adirondack. 3D glasses are necessary to view this image.

Gusev Dust Devil, sol 532

Arsia Mons Flows in Infrared

Crush zone inside higher fault scarp (left) ... gelatin silver negatives, black-and-white negatives

Fresh Impact Crater

Aerial view of a part of the area affected during the flood disaster of 1953. Note: The description of this photo is not yet complete and will be supplemented on the basis of the data available at a later stage. However, of many photos of the flood disaster 1953, the location is unknown.

$This image from the Atla region of Venus obtained by NASA's Magellan spacecraft shows several types of volcanic features and superimposed surface fractures.$

Peering into a Cerberus Fossae Trough

A Closer Look at Mazatzal

Scoop Ready to Obtain New Sample

Infrared scans of comet Hartley 2 by NASA's EPOXI mission spacecraft show carbon dioxide, dust, and ice being distributed in a similar way and emanating from apparently the same locations on the nucleus.

Aerial view of a part of the area affected during the flood disaster of 1953. Note: The description of this photo is not yet complete and will be supplemented on the basis of the data available at a later stage. However, of many photos of the flood disaster 1953, the location is unknown.

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