Molecular Science Visualizations

Colorful representations of complex molecules, highlighting structures like proteins and enzymes, with vibrant lighting effects against dark backgrounds.

mRNA capping apparatus. Molecular model of the Cet-1-Ceg1 mRNA capping apparatus.

Anthrax protective antigen molecule. Computer model showing the structure of a molecule of protective antigen (PA) produced by anthrax (Bacillus anthr...

Cytochrome P450. Molecular model of cytochrome P450 complexed with its catalytic product hydroxycamphor. This protein plays a crucial role in metaboli...

Molecular motor protein. Molecular model of a two-headed motor protein, Myosin V. Motor proteins convert chemical energy into mechanical movements in ...

Dengue virus surface protein molecule. Molecular model of the envelope glycoprotein found on the surface of the dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) virus....

ATP dependent DNA ligase. Molecular model of ATP-dependent DNA ligase complexed with ATP (adenosine triphosphate). DNA ligase is an enzyme that binds ...

mRNA capping apparatus. Molecular model of the Cet-1-Ceg1 mRNA capping apparatus.

Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Molecular model of the human type 5 hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme bound to a molecule of the steroid drug androste...

Metabolic enzyme. Molecular model of the enzyme aconitase with isocitrate bound. Aconitase is involved in the citric acid (or Krebs) cycle. The citric...

Respiratory complex I. Molecular model of the hydrophilic domain of respiratory complex I from the bacterium Thermus thermophilus. This enzyme is invo...

Cytochrome b6f complex, molecular model. Cytochrome molecules perform oxidation and reduction reactions for electron transport, a chain of reactions u...

Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase I. Molecule model of the Klenow, or large, fragment from DNA polymerase I complexed with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid,...

Transposase enzyme and DNA complex. Molecular model of a TN5 transposase enzyme bound to the transposon end of a DNA molecule (red and blue). Transpos...

Multidrug efflux pump. Molecular model of the multidrug efflux pump AcrB from the bacterium Escherichia coli. This protein pumps drugs, including anti...

Erythropoietin. Molecular model of the human erythropoietin (EPO) hormone. Erythropoietin regulates blood oxygen levels in the body, when levels are l...

Valyl-tRNA synthetase protein molecule. Molecular model showing bacterial valyl-tRNA synthetase complexed with valyl tRNA (transfer ribonucleic acid)....

Haemagglutinin 1 protein, molecular model. This protein is from the surface of the deadly influenza A virus that caused a pandemic of 'Spanish flu' in...

Chitinase, molecular model. This enzyme catalyses the break down of glycosidic bonds in chitin, the main component of fungal cell walls and the exoske...

Oxytocin and carrier protein. Molecular model of the hormone oxytocin bound to its carrier protein neurophysin I. Oxytocin is a neurotransmitter that ...

Multidrug transporter. Molecular model of the multidrug transporter Sav1866 from the bacterium Escherichia coli. This protein pumps drugs, including a...

MHC protein-antigen complex. Molecular model of the human class I MHC (major histocompatibility complex) protein HLA-B27 complexed with beta-2 microgl...

Diphtheria toxin, molecular model. Diphtheria is caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Symptoms include sore throat, fever and breathin...

Heterotrimeric G protein complex molecule. Molecular model of a heterotrimeric G protein complex. This protein has three different subunits (heterotri...

MoaC protein. Molecular model of the molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein MoaC. This enzyme is involved in carbon, nitrogen and sulphur metabolism...

Glycosylation enzyme. Molecular model of the enzyme N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) transferase. This intracellular enzyme adds N-acetylglucosamine molec...

Ebola virus glycoprotein and antibody. Molecular model of a surface glycoprotein from the Ebola virus (EBOV) bound to an antibody. Ebola causes a seve...

Adenovirus protein and tumour suppressor. Molecular model of the E1A protein from human adenovirus bound to a retinoblastoma tumour suppressor. Tumour...

Bacteriophage restriction enzyme. Molecular model of the restriction enzyme endonuclease V (yellow) from the bacteriophage T4 complexed with DNA (deox...

Lactose binding protein. Molecular model of a lectin protein from the peanut plant (Arachis hypogaea) bound to a lactose molecule. Lectins are highly ...

Bacterial biofilm enzyme. Molecular model of the enzyme glucansucrase from the bacterium Streptococcus mutans. This enzyme is used to form bacterial b...

Tumour suppressor protein. Molecular model of the tumour suppressor protein p53 (beige) bound to a molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red and blu...

EcoRV restriction enzyme. Molecular model of the type II restriction enzyme EcoRV (pink and yellow) bound to a cleaved section of DNA (deoxyribonuclei...

Ubiquitin, molecular model. Ubiquitin is found in all eukaryotic cells. When a protein is damaged or old it will be tagged by several ubiquitin molecu...

Nucleosome, molecular model. A nucleosome is a subunit of chromatin, the substance that forms chromosomes. It consists of a short length of DNA (deoxy...

Bacterial cell wall enzyme. Molecular model of D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase, a transpeptidase. This enzyme cross-links peptidoglycan chains in ...

Methyltransferase and DNA. Molecular model of the enzyme HhaI methyltransferase (beige) complexed with a molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red a...

Rhomboid protease. Molecular model of the rhomboid protease enzyme GlpG from the bacterium Escherichia coli. Proteases are enzymes that break down pro...

ATP-dependent protease. Molecular model of the bacterial enzyme HsIUV protease. Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins. HsIUV is expressed in ...

Integrin transmembrane domain, molecular model. Integrins are transmembrane cell adhesion receptors.

TATA box-binding protein and DNA. Molecular model showing a TATA box-binding protein (TBP) complexed with a strand of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid, red ...

Programmed death-ligand 1 molecule, illustration

Citrate synthase, molecular model. This enzyme is involved in the first step of the citric acid (or Krebs) cycle, the process by which mitochondria co...

Glycogen phosphorylase, molecular model. This is an enzyme involved in breaking down glycogen, the energy storage molecule involved in animal metaboli...

Human catalase, molecular model. This enzyme catalyses the break down of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. Hydrogen peroxide is a highly toxic by...

70S ribosome. Molecular model of a 70S ribosome complex containing a Shine-Dalgarno helix, the point of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) binding. Rib...

Molecules, illustration

DNA molecule. Molecular model of DNA deoxyribonucleic acid.

Nerve growth factor (NGF), molecular model. NGF is a small protein, which is involved in the growth, differentiation (specialisation of cells) and sur...

Interferon gamma, molecular model. Interferon gamma is produced by certain immune cells (T cells, dendritic cells and NK cells) as part of the immune ...

Rubisco. Molecular model of the enzyme rubisco (ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase) complexed with 2-carboxyarabinitol biphosphate. Rubisco i...

Cobra venom. Molecular model of toxin b, a long neurotoxin from a king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah).

Epidermal growth factor molecule. Molecular model of epidermal growth factor (EGF) bound to a receptor. EGF plays an important role in the regulation ...

Gear system

Rhinovirus

Eye lens protein. Molecular model of alpha-crystallin, a protein found in the lens of the eye. The regular arrangement of the protein in the lens is t...

Citrate synthase, molecular model. This enzyme is involved in the first step of the citric acid (or Krebs) cycle, the process by which mitochondria co...

Programmed death-ligand 1 molecule, illustration

Immunoglobulin G antibody, molecular model

Caspase-9 complexed with an inhibitor, molecular model. Caspase-9 is a protease, an enzyme that cleaves proteins, that plays a role in apoptosis (prog...

DNA transcription. Molecular model of the enzyme RNA polymerase II synthesising a mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) strand from a DNA (deoxyribonuclei...

Interferon regulatory factor. Molecular model of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3, coils at right and left) bound to a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)...

Cellulosome-integrating protein fragment. Molecular model of the cohesion domain of the cellulosome-integrating protein A (CipA). Cip A acts as a scaf...

Amyloid precursor protein. Molecular model showing the structure of the protease inhibitor domain of an amyloid precursor protein (APP). APP is the pr...

Haemoglobin, molecular model. Haemoglobin is a metalloprotein that transports oxygen around the body in red blood cells. Each molecule consists of iro...

P32 mitochondrial matrix protein, molecular model. Also known as SF2-associated p32 (SF2P32), this protein is found in the matrix of cellular mitochon...

RNA interference viral suppressor and RNA. Molecular model of the p19 protein (yellow) from a Tombusvirus, suppressing a double-stranded, small interf...

Cyanobacterial circadian clock protein, molecular model. This protein is a kinase known as KaiC. Its structure is a hexamer. It interacts with two oth...

Type IV collagen, molecular model. Collagen is a long structural protein, formed from amino acids that make up polypeptide strands that twist around e...

Dabrafenib, trade name Tafinlar, is a drug for the treatment of cancers associated with a mutated version of the gene BRAF - especially skin cancer. D...

HIV reverse transcription enzyme. Molecular model of the reverse transcriptase enzyme found in HIV (the human immunodeficiency virus). Reverse transcr...

Oestrogen sulfotransferase. Molecular model of the enzyme oestrogen sulfotransferase complexed with oestradiol and ADP (adenosine diphosphate). Oestra...

Staphylococcal enterotoxin C2. Molecular model of the C2 enterotoxin from the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.

Ricin. Computer model of a molecule of the toxic protein ricin. It comprises two amino acid chains, termed A (upper left) and B (lower right). The A-c...

Circular DNA molecule, artwork

Adenovirus penton base protein, molecular model. This protein molecule is a subunit called a penton, forming the vertices of the capsid of this adenov...

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses. The main role of DNA molecules is the long-term storage of information. DNA is often compared to a set of blueprints or a recipe, or a code, since it contains the instructions needed to construct other components of cells, such as proteins and RNA molecules

Computer virus, conceptual computer artwork.

Flu virus surface protein and drug. Molecular model of the neuraminidase glycoprotein enzyme from on the surface of the influenza A (flu) virus bound ...

Importin heterodimer protein. Molecular model showing the importin heterodimer, a complex between importin alpha and importin beta. Importin imports o...

DNA molecule, illustration

DNA holds the genetic data for every living organism and can serve to create a genetic fingerprint for each individual. DNA from any biological sample such as muscle, hair roots, blood, brain, mouth cells, liver, etc can be isolated and analyzed. The gene

HIV-1 protease and inhibitor. Molecular model of the enzyme HIV-1 protease (pink and blue ribbons) bound to an inhibitor molecule (centre). This enzym...

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) transcription, computer illustration. During transcription complementary messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) strands (pink) ...

Biohazard sign and ebola virus, computer illustration.

Chaperonin protein, molecular mode. Chaperonins are proteins that provide favourable conditions for the correct folding of other proteins, thus preven...

Transcription factor and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Molecular model showing the 6 zinc fingers of transcription factor IIIA (yellow) bound to RNA (ribonucl...

Enzyme catalysing DNA recombination. Molecular model of the enzyme CRE (cyclization recombination) recombinase (green and purple) mediating the recomb...

Interleukin-6. Molecular model of the cytokine protein human interleukin-6. This protein is produced in the body and has a wide variety of functions i...

DNA helicase. Molecular model of a helicase molecule from the SV40 virus. Helicases are enzymes that separate the two strands of the DNA double helix,...

Dna strands vector image

Influenza virus, artwork

Intracellular transport. Illustration of vesicles (spheres) being transported along microtubules (rod-shaped) by kinesin motor proteins (green and pur...

Antibody. Computer artwork of an antibody, or immunoglobulin, molecule.

Illustration of a melanocyte from the skin. Melanocytes produce the pigment melanin.

Borrelia - pathogenic bacteria (Spirochaetota) responsible for Lyme disease, (Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia spielmanii, Borrelia garinii and Borrelia afzelii give other variants of Lyme disease)

Vaccinia virus complement control protein. Molecular model of the central portion of the complement control protein from the Vaccinia virus. This prot...

Nanotube technology. Computer artwork of four cylindrical fullerenes carbon nanotubes of varying size, with the smaller ones nested inside the larger ...

Programmed cell death protein 6, molecular model. This is a calcium-binding protein is involved in apoptosis (programmed cell death).

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