NASA Flight Control Operations

Images of flight controllers in a NASA control room, monitoring missions related to the International Space Station and spacecraft dockings.

DATE: 8-12-14LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231)SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during docking of the "Georges Lemaitre" Automated Transfer Vehicle-5 to the aft port of the Zvezda Service Module.

DATE: 5-28-14LOCATION: Bldg 30, FCR-1SUBJECT: ISS flight directors David Korth and Tomas Gonzales-Torres and controllers on console in FCR-1 during the docking of Expedition 40/41 Flight Engineer Reid Wiseman of NASA, Soyuz Commander Max Suraev of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Flight Engineer Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency to the space station in a Soyuz spacecraft

DATE: 1-12-14LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231)SUBJECT: Expedition 38 flight controllers during Orbital Sciences' Cygnus approaching ISS and being grappled.

DATE: 8-12-14LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231)SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during docking of the "Georges Lemaitre" Automated Transfer Vehicle-5 to the aft port of the Zvezda Service Module.

Date: 03-11-15Location: Bldg 30, FCR-1Subject: Expedition 42 flight controllers on console in FCR-1 during the undocking of Expedition 42 crew (Samokutyaev, Wilmore, Serova) on the Soyuz TMA-14M spacecraft from the Poisk module on ISS

DATE: 1-12-14LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231)SUBJECT: Expedition 38 flight controllers during Orbital Sciences' Cygnus approaching ISS and being grappled.

PHOTO DATE: 3-25-11LOCATION: Bldg. 30M, FCR-1SUBJECT: JAXA flight control team gave the Folding Paper Cranes to NASA ISS mission control team and now they are decorated on their consoles. The Folding Paper Cranes are for the people who suffer terrible pain from the earthquake in Japan.

JSC2001-E-25131 (16 August 2001) --- ISS flight director Mark Ferring (seated), assembly checkout officer (ACO) Jim Ruhnke and astronaut Stephanie D. Wilson, ISS spacecraft communicator (CAPCOM), discuss the progress of the extravehicular activities at their consoles in the station flight control room (BFCR) in Houstons Mission Control Center (MCC). Operations support officer (OSO) Ted Kenny is in the background participating in the discussion over the voice loops. At the time this photo was taken, mission specialists Daniel T. Barry and Patrick G. Forrester were performing the first of two scheduled space walks during Discoverys voyage to the International Space Station (ISS).

Members of NASAs Perseverance Mars rover team watch in mission control as the first images arrive moments after the spacecraft successfully touched down on Mars, Thursday, Feb. 18, 2021, at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. A key objective for Perseverances mission on Mars is astrobiology, including the search for signs of ancient microbial life. The rover will characterize the planets geology and past climate, pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet, and be the first mission to collect and cache Martian rock and regolith.

T&R Endeavour, LCC Events during Endeavours Final Power Down

A look inside the International Space Station Payload Operations Integration Center at NASAs Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, AL. The POIC team supports science operations on the International Space Station 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. For more than 20 years the POIC team has worked with scientists from around the world to enable the space station crew to conduct experiments that improve life on Earth and enable future exploration.

PHOTO DATE: 06-15-13LOCATION: B 30 - FCR 1 SUBJECT: ATV - 4 DOCKING DURING EXP 36

DATE: 5-16-11LOCATION: Bldg. 30south - WFCRSUBJECT: STS-134 flight controllers on console during the launch of Endeavour with Flight Director Richard Jones

STS026-S-101 (2 Oct 1988) --- Flight controllers in the Johnson Space Center s mission control center listen to a presentation by the five members of the STS 26 crew on the fourth day of Discovery s orbital mission. Flight Directors Charles W. Shaw and James M. (Milt) Heflin (in the foreground) and other controllers view a television image of Earth on a screen in the front of the flight control room while each member relates some inner feelings while paying tribute to the Challenger crew.

DATE: 7-6-16LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - WFCRSUBJECT: Expedition 48/49 flight control team during Launch of the Expedition 48-49 Crew (Ivanishin, Onishi, Rubins) on the Soyuz MS-01 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

Expedition 50 crew members ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, and NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson are seen on the monitors of the Soyuz simulator control room during final qualification exams, Tuesday, Oct. 25, 2016, at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC) in Star City, Russia.

NASA, Houston, Texas, United States of America, North America

Italy, Sicily, Etna volcano , Volcanologist of the (Istituto Nazionale di Gefisica e Vulcanologia Catania)

JSC2009-E-246736 (4 Dec. 2009) --- Astronauts Terry Virts, STS-130 pilot; and Kathryn Hire, mission specialist, participate in a robotics training session in the Jake Garn Simulation and Training Facility at NASA's Johnson Space Center.

PHOTO DATE: 5-11-13LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) & 7SUBJECT: Expedition 35 flight controllers during EVA to fix ammonia leak.

PHOTO DATE: 5-11-13LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) & 7SUBJECT: Expedition 35 flight controllers during EVA to fix ammonia leak.

Flight Director Robert E. Castle Jr. works out a problem during joint integrated simulations for the STS-61 mission. Astronauts assigned to extravehicular activity (EVA) tasks with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) were simultaneously rehearsing in a neutral buoyancy tank at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) in Alabama.

S49-S-0231 (11 May 1992) --- In the space shuttle flight control room (FCR) in Mission Control Center in Houston, Flight Director Al Pennington monitors the progress of the initial spacewalk of the STS-49 flight. A scale model of HM Bark Endeavour, namesake for the space shuttle currently making its inaugural flight, adorns the console. The model was built by Dan Willett of JSC's Information Resources Directorate. The original sailing ship Endeavour was commanded by Lt. James Cook on a scientific voyage to the South Pacific, Australia and New Zealand from 1768 to 1771.

S65-30410 (3 June 1965) --- Overall view of the Mission Control Center in Houston, Texas, during the early hours of the Gemini-Titan 4 spaceflight.

Expedition 56 flight engineers Sergey Prokopyev of Roscosmos, bottom left, Alexander Gerst of ESA (European Space Agency), bottom center, and Serena Auñón-Chancellor of NASA, bottom right, are seen with flight engineer Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos, top left, Commander Drew Feustel of NASA, top center, and flight engineer Ricky Arnold of NASA, top right, are seen on a video monitor as they talk to family and friends at the Moscow Mission Control Center in Korolev, Russia a few hours after the Soyuz MS-09 docked to the International Space Station on Friday, June 8, 2018. Hatches were opened at 11:17am EDT (6:17pm Moscow time).

JSC2002-00575 (5 March 2002) --- The members of the STS-109 Orbit 3 Team pose for a group portrait in the shuttle flight control room (WFCR) in Houstons Mission Control Center (MCC). Flight director Jeff Hanley is visible in the center foreground.

Bob Ballard Exploration

DATE: 12-24-13LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger.

DATE: 5-3-12LOCATION: Bldg. 9 - VR LabSUBJECT: Expedition 32/33 JAXA astronaut Aki Hoshide during MSS PF SSRMS EVR3 training in VR Lab.

S84-26985 (7 Feb 1984) --- Flight controllers in the mission operations control room (MOCR) of the Johnson Space Centers mission control center monitor the extravehicular activity (EVA) of Astronauts Bruce McCandless II and Robert L. Stewart. The photograph was taken with a wide angle lens on a 35mm camera deployed in the aft center point of the MOCR.

DATE: 12-24-13LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS Flight Controllers during Expedition 38's 2nd Spacewalk to repair a faulty ISS Coolant pump with Astronauts Rick Mastracchio and Mike Hopkins. Flight Director: Dina Contella, Capcom's Doug Wheelock, Aki Hoshide, and Lead U.S. Spacewalk Officer Allison Bolinger.

Artemis II Crew with EGS. Artemis II astronauts visit the Artemis launch team inside Firing Room 1 in the Launch Control Center at NASAs Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Aug. 7, 2023. In front, from left are CSA (Canadian Space Agency) astronaut Jeremy Hanson, and NASA astronauts Victor Glover, Christina Koch, and Reid Weisman. The approximately 10-day Artemis II flight will test NASAs foundational human deep space exploration capabilities, the Space Launch System rocket and Orion spacecraft, for the first time with astronauts and will pave the way for lunar surface missions, including landing the first woman and the first person of color on the Moon.

Mars InSight team members monitor the status of the lander prior to it touching down on Mars, Monday, Nov. 26, 2018 inside the Mission Support Area at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. InSight, short for Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport, is a Mars lander designed to study the "inner space" of Mars: its crust, mantle, and core.

APOLLO 10 1/2: A SPACE AGE ADVENTURE (2022), directed by RICHARD LINKLATER.

Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is seen after the opening of the hatches between the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft and the International Space Station on the screens in the Moscow Mission Control Center in Korolev, Russia a few hours after the Soyuz MS-07 docked to the International Space Station on Tuesday, Dec. 19, 2017. Hatches were opened at 5:55 a.m. EST and Shkaplerov, Scott Tingle of NASA, and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) joined Expedition 54 Commander Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos and crewmates Mark Vande Hei and Joe Acaba of NASA aboard the orbiting laboratory.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Space Shuttle managers support an External Tank (ET) tanking test at Launch Pad 39B from the Launch Control Center. At far right is Ron Wetmore, External Tank Project vice president, Lockheed Martin, and to his left, Sandy Coleman, External Tank Project manager, NASA. The tanking test is designed to evaluate how the tank, orbiter, solid rocket boosters and ground systems perform under 'cryo-load,' when the tank is filled with the two ultra-low-temperature propellants. The tank filling and draining portion of the test takes about 11 hours. The test also includes a simulated countdown through the hold at T-31 seconds. The test is being conducted to troubleshoot two issues identified by a tanking test held on April 14. Data is being collected to analyze the liquid hydrogen sensors that gave intermittent readings and the liquid hydrogen pressurization relief valve that cycled more times than standard. The tanking tests are part of preparations for Space Shuttle

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Journalists fill the work stations at the NASA News Center while others find standing room only during launch activities for Return to Flight mission STS-114. More than a thousand media representatives from 36 states, the District of Columbia and 32 countries converged on the News Center for the historic launch.

PHOTO DATE: 05-28-14LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: ISS flight director David Korth and controllers on console in FCR-1 during the launch of Expedition 40/41 Flight Engineer Reid Wiseman of NASA, Soyuz Commander Max Suraev of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Flight Engineer Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency to the space station in a Soyuz spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan

Spaceward Bound Program in Atacama Desert; shown here is a realtime webcast from Yungay, Chile vis satellite involving NASA Scientists and seven NASA Explorer school teachers. On the Ames end we find the Girl Scouts Space cookines robotic team. The robot nicknamed Zoe is looking for life in extreme environments in preparation for what might be encounter on Mars. see full text on the NASA-Ames News - Research # 04-91AR

PHOTO DATE: 01-24-11LOCATION: Bldg 9, VR LabSUBJECT: STS-133 crew training in VR Lab with replacement crew member Steve Bowen

. Artemis-1 flight controllers during maximum distance from Earth and Moon. Photo Date: November 28, 2022. Location: Building 30, WFCR & Ops Suites. Photographer: Robert Markowitz

The primary payload for Space Shuttle Mission STS-42, launched January 22, 1992, was the International Microgravity Laboratory-1 (IML-1), a pressurized manned Spacelab module. The goal of IML-1 was to explore in depth the complex effects of weightlessness of living organisms and materials processing. Around-the-clock research was performed on the human nervous system's adaptation to low gravity and effects of microgravity on other life forms such as shrimp eggs, lentil seedlings, fruit fly eggs, and bacteria. Materials processing experiments were also conducted, including crystal growth from a variety of substances such as enzymes, mercury iodide and a virus. The Huntsville Operations Support Center (HOSC) Spacelab Payload Operations Control Center (SL POCC) at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) was the air/ground communication channel used between the astronauts aboard the Spacelab and scientists, researchers, and ground control teams during the Spacelab missions. The facility ma

jsc2019e062853 (10-10-19) --- Canadian Space Agency (CSA) astronaut Jennifer Sidey-Gibbons (right) and NASA astronaut candidate Matthew Dominick (left) participate in Canadarm2 robotics training at CSA headquarters in Saint-Hubert, Quebec.

PHOTO DATE: 06-15-13LOCATION: B 30 - FCR 1 SUBJECT: ATV - 4 DOCKING DURING EXP 36

Engineering teams celebrate at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore as the second primary mirror wing of NASAs James Webb Space Telescope unfolds, before beginning the process of latching the mirror wing into place, Saturday, Jan. 8, 2022. When fully latched, the infrared observatory will have completed its unprecedented process of unfolding in space to prepare for science operations. Webb will study every phase of cosmic history—from within our solar system to the most distant observable galaxies in the early universe.

. Artemis-1 flight controllers during maximum distance from Earth and Moon. Photo Date: November 28, 2022. Location: Building 30, WFCR & Ops Suites. Photographer: Robert Markowitz

JSC2002-E-23236 (7 June 2002) --- In this overall view of the shuttle flight control room (WFCR) in Houstons Mission Control Center (MCC), the docking of the Space Shuttle Endeavour and the International Space Station (ISS) is shown on the big screen. The docking occurred at 11:25 a.m. (CDT) on June 7, 2002.

Date: 07-16-13Location: Bldg 30 South, FCR-1Subject: Expedition 36 ISS flight controllers on console during EVA #23 with Chris Cassidy and Luca Parmitano.

COllaborative Modeling for Parametric Assessment of Space Systems, COMPASS, Laboratory

Scientists carefully examine data being received during nighttime line operations testing of the SOFIA airborne observatory's 2.5-meter infrared telescope.

PHOTO DATE: 05-11-09LOCATION: Bldg. 30 south - (Rooms)SUBJECT: STS-125 Flight Controllers on Console - (Orbit Shift) - (Subject)

JSC2009-E-119378 (12 May 2009) --- Tomas Gonzalez-Torres, STS-125 lead spacewalk officer, monitors data at his console in the space shuttle flight control room in the Mission Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Center during flight day two activities.

S71-41357 (26 July 1971) --- An overall, wide-angle lens view of activity in the Mission Operations Control Room in the Mission Control Center minutes after the launch of the Apollo 15 lunar landing mission. Ground elapsed time was 45 minutes and 42 seconds when this photograph was taken.

Orion teams complete a connectivity test in preparation for Exploration Flight Test-1 (EFT-1) in the Mission Control Center at Johnson Space Center in Houston on Jan. 30, 2011. Part of Batch image transfer from Flickr.

A view taken inside the recovery control room formerly at MSC (Manned Spacecraft Center) during a training session. Screens show the tracking stations and recovery operations for one of the Gemini missions.

Expedition 55 flight engineer Drew Feustel of NASA is seen after the hatches were opened between the Soyuz MS-08 spacecraft and the International Space Station on screens at the Moscow Mission Control Center in Korolev, Russia, Saturday, March 24, 2018, a few hours after the Soyuz MS-08 docked to the International Space Station. Hatches were opened at 5:48 p.m. Eastern time on March 23 (12:48 a.m. Moscow time on March 24) and Feustel, Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos, and Ricky Arnold of NASA joined Expedition 55 Commander Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos, Scott Tingle of NASA, and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) onboard the orbiting laboratory.

NASA Deputy Administrator Pam Melroy is given a tour of the NASA James Webb Space Telescope Mission Operations Center, Wednesday, June 29, 2022, at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore. Prior to the tour the deputy spoke at a briefing that focused on the status of NASAs James Webb Space Telescope in its final weeks of preparing for its science mission, as well as overviews of planned science for Webbs first year of operations.

PHOTO DATE: 06-29-10LOCATION: BLDG 16 - SES DOMESUBJECT: Satoshi Furukawa during FF RNDZ ADV1 training in the ISS cupola trainer in the SES dome. Since DOME/SESC has new training equipment to train robotics operationWORK ORDER: 01943-BS-JAXASES-06-29-10

DATE: 1-15-14LOCATION: Building 9N, VR LabSUBJECT: Expedition 40/41 crew training with 38S/Swanson and Skvortsov and 39S/Suraev and Gerst.

JSC2001-00001 (January 2001) --- The STS-98 astronaut crew poses with about five dozen flight controllers making up its ascent/entry team in the shuttle flight control room of the Johnson Space Center's Mission Control Center (MCC). Standing with the STS-98 insignia is flight director LeRoy Cain. He is flanked by astronauts Marsha S. Ivins, mission specialist, and Kenneth D. Cockrell, mission commander. Behind Cockrell is astronaut Robert L. Curbeam, Jr., mission specialist; and behind Ivins and Cain is astronaut Mark L. Polansky, pilot. Astronaut Thomas D. Jones, mission specialist (blue shirt) stands near the flight director sign. Astronaut Scott D. Altman, CAPCOM or Spacecraft Communicator, is immediately behind Cain. Launch is currently scheduled for February 6, 2001.

JSC2001-E-25103 (16 August 2001) --- ISS Flight Director Mark Ferring (seated), Cargo Integration Officer (CIO) Jim Ruhnke and astronaut Stephanie D. Wilson, ISS spacecraft communicator (CAPCOM), are pictured at their consoles in the station flight control room (BFCR) in Houstons Mission Control Center (MCC) during the STS-105 mission.

CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland

At the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia, training instructors monitor the work of Expedition 48-49 prime crewmembers Kate Rubins of NASA, Takuya Onishi of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and Anatoly Ivanishin of Roscosmos during final qualification exams May 26. Rubins, Onishi and Ivanishin will launch June 24 on the Soyuz MS-01 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a four-month mission on the International Space Station.NASA/Stephanie Stoll

STS114-E-05476 (28 July 2005) --- From left, Eileen M. Collins, Wendy Lawrence, James M. Kelly and Charles J. Camarda at their respective stations to support rendezvous and docking operations with the International Space Station (ISS).

NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, right, speaks to NASA Associate Administrator for the Science Mission Directorate, Thomas Zurbuchen, center, and NASA Chief Financial Officer, Jeff DeWit, following the launch of NASA's InSight spacecraft on a United Launch Alliance (ULA) Atlas-V rocket Saturday, May 5, 2018 at NASA Headquarters in Washington. InSight, short for Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport, is a Mars lander designed to study the "inner space" of Mars: its crust, mantle, and core.

S81-30386 (14 April 1981) --- Flight director Charles R. Lewis, left, studies a chart display on his console s monitor in the mission operations control room (MOCR) in the Johnson Space Center s Mission Control Center. The photograph was taken just prior to a TV transmission on day two of STS-1, with a special wide-angle lens. Astronauts Joe H. Engle (second from right) and Richard H. Truly, right, are backup commander and pilot, respectively, for NASA s first space shuttle orbital test mission. Astronaut James F. Buchli, spacecraft communicator, is at right center.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- Members of the media take a tour of the Radiological Control Center (RADCC) at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The tour focused on safety equipment and procedures for the upcoming launch of the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission. The MSL spacecraft includes a multi-mission radioisotope thermoelectric generator (MMRTG) that will generate the power needed for the mission from the natural decay of plutonium-238, a non-weapons-grade form of the radioisotope. MSL's components include a car-sized rover, Curiosity, which has 10 science instruments designed to search for signs of life, including methane, and help determine if the gas is from a biological or geological source. Launch of MSL aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket is targeted for Nov. 26 from Space Launch Complex 41 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.

JSC2001-E-25513 (22 August 2001) --- Astronauts James M. Kelly (left) and Kenneth D. Cockrell, both spacecraft communicators (CAPCOM), monitor data at their consoles in the shuttle flight control room (WFCR) in Houstons Mission Control Center (MCC). At the time this photo was taken the Space Shuttle Discovery was about to land at Kennedy Space Center, Florida, to mark the end of a successful mission to the International Space Station (ISS).

JSC2009-E-246720 (4 Dec. 2009) --- Astronaut Kathryn Hire, STS-130 mission specialist, participates in a robotics training session in an International Space Station mock-up/trainer in the Jake Garn Simulation and Training Facility at NASA's Johnson Space Center.

STS-132 Entry Flight Control Team Photo with Flight Director Tony Ceccacci. Photo Date: May 25, 2010. Location: Building 30 south - WFCR.

The crews of Expedition 24 and Expedition 25 are seen on a video monitor at Russian Mission Control in Korolev, Russia shortly after crew members of Expedition 25 docked to and entered the International Space Station on Sunday, Oct. 10, 2010.

JSC2009-E-061164 (20 March 2009) --- The members of the STS-119/15A ISS Orbit 3 flight control team pose for a group portrait in the space station flight control room in the Mission Control Center at NASAs Johnson Space Center. Flight director David Korth (right) is visible on the front row.

LCROSS (Lunar Crater Observation Sensing Satellite) Near InfraRed Spectrometer shake test in Ames N-244 high bay EEL Lab - with Kimberly Ennico, Anthony Colaprete and Lynn Hofland

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - Inside Mercury Mission Control, astronaut Wally Schirra, capsule communicator, or capcom for the Mercury-Atlas 9 mission, talks to Trudy Cooper, wife of astronaut Gordon Cooper, on May 16, 1963, to inform her that he had just been recovered by the USS Kearsarge after his 22-orbit flight. The Mercury Mission Control Center in Florida played a key role in the United States' early spaceflight program. Located at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, the original part of the building was constructed between 1956 and 1958, with additions in 1959 and 1963. The facility officially was transferred to NASA on Dec. 26, 1963, and served as mission control during all the Project Mercury missions, as well as the first three flights of the Gemini Program, when it was renamed Mission Control Center. With its operational days behind, on June 1, 1967, the Mission Control Center became a stop on the public tour of NASA facilities until the mid-90s. In 1999, much of the equipment and f

Hallie Gengl, Data Visualization Developer, NASA JPL, left, and Brent Shockley, Systems Engineer, NASA, APL, right, talk with Bruce Banerdt, InSight Principal Investigator, NASA JPL, after reviewing the first image of Mars from the Mars InSight lander, Monday, Nov. 26, 2018 inside the Mission Support Area at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. InSight, short for Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport, is a Mars lander designed to study the "inner space" of Mars: its crust, mantle, and core.

S65-60039 (7 Dec. 1965) --- Christopher C. Kraft Jr. (left), assistant director for Flight Operations, monitors his console in the Mission Control Center during the Gemini-7 spaceflight.

JSC2011-E-054080 (13 June 2011) --- NASA astronaut Doug Hurley (foreground), STS-135 pilot, participates in a training session in the simulation control area in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) at the Sonny Carter Training Facility near NASA's Johnson Space Center.

On the front screen in the cavernous control room at the Russian Mission Control Center in Korolev, Russia, the Expedition 50 crewmembers receive congratulatory calls from friends and family Nov. 20 following the arrival of Peggy Whitson of NASA, Oleg Novitskiy of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and Thomas Pesquet of the European Space Agency at the International Space Station on the Soyuz MS-03 spacecraft. Hatches opened between the Soyuz and the station about two and a half hours after the Soyuz docked to the complex. NASA/Stephanie Stoll

JSC2008-E-045663 (9 June 2008) --- The members of the STS-124/1J ISS Orbit 1 flight control team pose for a group portrait in the space station flight control room in the Mission Control Center at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Flight director Bob Dempsey stands in the center foreground.

PHOTO DATE: 20 May 2010 -08:00pmLOCATION: Bldg. 30south, FCR-1SUBJECT: Team photo of ISS ULF-4 Flight Control Team - Orbit 3 - Flight Director Scott StoverWORK ORDER: 1540-ISSFCTF-FCR1-05-20-10

S69-34316 (18 May 1969) --- Overall view of the Mission Operations Control Room in the Mission Control Center, Building 30, on the first day of the Apollo 10 lunar orbit mission. A color television transmission was being received from Apollo 10. This picture was made following Command and Service Module/Lunar Module/Saturn IVB (CSM/LM-S-IVB) separation and prior to LM extraction from the S-IVB. The CSM were making the docking approach to the LM/S-IVB.

JSC2000-06242 (13 September 2000) ---Flight Director Kelly Beck (planning)is surrounded by the almost five dozenflight controllers who are supporting her shift during the current STS-106 mission. Beck is holding a large decal of the STS-106 insignia.

Vintage Photograph. Scientists at work in a high-tech electronics lab.

PHOTO DATE: 07-09-13LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1, ISS MER & B-7 SUBJECT: Expedition 36 ISS flight controllers on console during EVA #22 with Chris Cassidy and Luca Parmitano.

PHOTO DATE: 03-28-12LOCATION: Bldg. 30 - FCR-1 (30M/231) SUBJECT: Expedition 30 flight control team during docking of ESA's ATV vehicle to ISS.

S75-23638 (20 March 1975) --- An overall view of the Mission Operations Control Room in the Mission Control Center during joint ASTP simulation activity at NASA's Johnson Space Center. The simulations are part of the preparations for the U.S.-USSR Apollo-Soyuz Test Project docking mission in Earth orbit scheduled for July 1975. M.P. Frank (seated, right) is the senior American flight director for the mission. Sigurd A. Sjoberg (in center, checked jacket), JSC Deputy Director, watches some of the console activity. George W.S. Abbey, Technical Assistant to the JSC Director, is standing next to Sjoberg. The television monitor in the background shows Soviet Soyuz crew activity from the Soviet Union.

Date: 01-18-13Location: Bldg 16, SES DomeSubject: Expedition 39 (Soyuz 37) crew members Rick Mastracchio and Koichi Wakata during FF T&C/R MINI SIM 2 training in the building 16 dome with instructor Jeffery "Tux" Tuxhorn.Photogapher: James Blair

Photo Date: 04/14/2010Location: Bldg. 30 South, FCR-1Subject: ISS 19A Orbit 1 Team - Flight Director Courtney McMillan

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- In Firing Room 4 of the Launch Control Center at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, NASA's Discovery Flow Director Stephanie Stilson, left, STS-133 Assistant Shuttle Launch Director and lead NASA Test Director Charlie Blackwell-Thompson and Shuttle Launch Director Mike Leinbach watch space shuttle Discovery blaze a trail of smoke and steam as it heads toward orbit on the STS-133 mission to the International Space Station. Discovery and its six-member crew are on a mission to deliver the Permanent Multipurpose Module, packed with supplies and critical spare parts, as well as Robonaut 2, the dexterous humanoid astronaut helper, to the orbiting outpost. Discovery is making its 39th mission and is scheduled to be retired following STS-133. This is the 133rd Space Shuttle Program mission and the 35th shuttle voyage to the space station.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- University students monitor their team's remote controlled or autonomous excavator, called a lunabot, as it is maneuvered in a "sand box" of ultra-fine simulated lunar soil during NASA's second annual Lunabotics Mining Competition at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Florida. Thirty-six teams of undergraduate and graduate students from the United States, Bangladesh, Canada, Colombia and India will participate in NASA's Lunabotics Mining Competition May 26 - 28 at the agency's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The competition is designed to engage and retain students in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). Teams will maneuver their remote controlled or autonomous excavators, called lunabots, in about 60 tons of ultra-fine simulated lunar soil, called BP-1. The competition is an Exploration Systems Mission Directorate project managed by Kennedy's Education Division. The event also provides a competitive environment that could result in

Expedition 33 crew members Suni Williams and Aki Hoshide at the SSRMS Track and Capture training station in the SES Dome. Photo Date: January 13, 2012. Location: Building 16, SES Dome.

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