Roman Emperors and Busts

An array of etchings depicting Roman emperors in detailed bust forms, highlighting their regal attire and historical significance, showcasing classical art styles.

Marcus Aurelius Probus (232-282) was a career soldier, having entered the army as soon as he reached adulthood sometime in 250. He distinguished himself under Emperors Valerian, Aurelian and Tacitus, and when Tacitus died in 276, Probus' soldiers proclaimed him emperor, despite a rival claim by Florianus, Tacitus' half-brother. Though Florianus' reign is recognised, it was brief and lasted only eighty-eight days, as he was soon murdered by his own troops after losing a battle against Probus. Probus was ratified as emperor after this. The first years of his reign saw him campaign successfully against the Germanic tribes in Gaul, and he began the strategy of settling the conquered Germanic tribes in the devastated provinces of the empire, to rebuild and restart them. He also put down at least three revolts and usurpers between 280-281, as well as fighting against the Blemmyes in Egypt and the Vandals in Illyricum. In 282, the commander of the Praetorian Guard Marcus Aurelius Carus had be

Titus, Roman Kaiser Stecher: Nelli, Niccolò

Portrait bust of Emperor Gallienus (), Jan de Bisschop, After Anonymous, 1666 - 1671 print Probably a portrait bust of the Roman emperor Gallienus. Northern Netherlands paper etching

Born in 30 CE, Marcus Cocceius Nerva (30-98 CE) was a member of Italian nobility rather than Roman elite, though the Cocceii were still one of the most esteemed and influential political families of the late Republic and early Empire. Nerva served much of his imperial service under Nero and the Flavian dynasty, and when Domitian was assassinated in 96 CE by a conspiracy of freedmen and Praetorian Guard, Nerva was declared emperor by the Roman senate. This marked the first time the Senate had ever elected an emperor. He was sixty-five when he became emperor, and one of his main goals was to restore liberties to the senate that had been curtailed during Domitian's autocratic rule. Nerva's very brief reign was hindered by various problems, and a revolt in in 97 CE by the Praetorian Guard forced him to adopt an heir of their choosing, Trajan. Nerva died of natural causes after barely fifteen months in office, and was succeeded and deified by Trajan. He was known as a wise and moderate empe

Antoninus (86-161) was born in 86 to Consul Titus Aurelius Fulvus, and would grow up to become friend and ally to Emperor Hadrian, who adopted him as son and heir in 138. In turn, Hadrian made Antoninus adopt future emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus as his successors<br/><br.> Antoninus ascended to emperor the same year of his adoption, acquiring the name Pius after he persuaded the Senate to grant Hadrian divine honours. He made few initial changes to Hadrian's arrangements and policies, and he oversaw a non-military and mostly peaceful reign, the most peaceful in the Principate's history. He was also perhaps the instigator of the first direct contact between Rome and China, confusion remaining whether Antoninus or Marcus Aurelius sent the first envoy. Antoninus Pius died of illness in 161, aged 74, and was succeeded by his adopted sons Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus, who reigned as co-emperors. Antoninus Pius is named as one of the 'Five Good Emperors', and was the longest

Alfons X. The Way, King of Castile and León 1601/1700

Demetrios Poliorketes (c. 336 B. C. to 283 B.) was a Macedonian general and Diadochian ruler from the Antigonid dynasty, digitally restored reproducti...

Constantine of the big, Roman emperor.

Karl III., The Thick Emperor.

Marcus Aurelius Probus (232-282) was a career soldier, having entered the army as soon as he reached adulthood sometime in 250. He distinguished himself under Emperors Valerian, Aurelian and Tacitus, and when Tacitus died in 276, Probus' soldiers proclaimed him emperor, despite a rival claim by Florianus, Tacitus' half-brother. Though Florianus' reign is recognised, it was brief and lasted only eighty-eight days, as he was soon murdered by his own troops after losing a battle against Probus. Probus was ratified as emperor after this. The first years of his reign saw him campaign successfully against the Germanic tribes in Gaul, and he began the strategy of settling the conquered Germanic tribes in the devastated provinces of the empire, to rebuild and restart them. He also put down at least three revolts and usurpers between 280-281, as well as fighting against the Blemmyes in Egypt and the Vandals in Illyricum. In 282, the commander of the Praetorian Guard Marcus Aurelius Carus had be

Statue of Roman Emperor Augustus in armour. In the collection of Rufini, Bishop of Malfi. Copperplate engraving after an illustration by Gio. Petrini from Pietro Paolo Montagnani-Mirabili's Il Museo Capitolino (The Capitoline Museum), Rome, 1820.

TIBERIO SIG ER 370. Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN.

Nerva, Roman Emperor.

Henry II or Saint Henry, Holy Roman Emperor from 1014 to 1024

Septimius Severus (145-211 CE) was born in the Roman province of Africa, and advanced steadily through the customary succession of offices (the 'cursus honorum') during the reigns of Marcus Aurelius and Commodus. He was governor of Pannonia Superior when word of Pertniax's murder and Didius Julianus' accession reached him in 193 CE. In response to Julianus' controversial accession through buying the emperorship in an auction, many rivals rose up and declared themselves emperor, with Severus being one of them, beginning what was known as the Year of the Five Emperors. Hurrying to Rome, Severus executed Julianus, and then fought his rival claimants for control of the Empire. By 197 CE, he was the sole power in the Empire, and began once more waging war to expand the borders of the Empire. Severus fell ill in late 210 CE, fatally so, and died in early 211 CE. He was succeeded by his sons Caracalla and Geta, founding the Severan dynasty, the last dynasty of the Roman Empire before the Cris

Rome, Salamanca, Antonio, Italy, Portrait bust of Cosimo I de' Medici, verso - stamped, According to the caption Cosimo II de' Medici., print, prent, prints, prenten, height 291 mm, width 211 mm, print maker, printmaker, 1510 - 1562, paper, papier, engraving, engraving (printing process), Publication (Event), Publication, Italian, 1478 - 1562, publisher

Gratianus, Roman emperor.

Wallia, King of the Westgoten 1601/1750

Vitellius, Aulas.

Dentatus, Mani.

Speculum Romanae Magnificentiae: Domitian, from The Twelve Caesars ca. 1500-1534 Marcantonio Raimondi Italian This print comes from the museums copy of the Speculum Romanae Magnificentiae (The Mirror of Roman Magnificence) The Speculum found its origin in the publishing endeavors of Antonio Salamanca and Antonio Lafreri. During their Roman publishing careers, the two foreign publishers - who worked together between 1553 and 1563 - initiated the production of prints recording art works, architecture and city views related to Antique and Modern Rome. The prints could be bought individually by tourists and collectors, but were also purchased in larger groups which were often bound together in an album. In 1573, Lafreri commissioned a title page for this purpose, which is where the title ‘Speculum Romanae Magnificentiae first appears. Lafreri envisioned an ideal arrangement of the prints in 7 different categories, but during his lifetime, never appears to have offered one standard, bound

Hector Van Troje, Crispijn van de Passe (I), 1574 - 1637 print The hero from the classical antiquity Hector of Troy. In the background, Troy's intake. The show is caught in an oval frame with an edge writing in Latin. In the margin a caption in Latin in which Hector is praised. Print from a series of nine with heroes. unknown paper engraving Hector (one of the nine worthies). the fall of Troy; Troy burning

SOLON Greek statesman and lawgiver

Ricimer, Gothic general of Western Roman Empire

PUBLIUS OVIDIUS NASO known as Ovid Roman poet Date: 43BC - 17

Pierre de Ronsard, 1524 -1585. French poet. From Science and Literature in The Middle Ages by Paul Lacroix published London 1878

Epicurus, Epikouros, c. 341 B. C. 271 or 270 B. was a Greek philosopher, founder of Epicureanism and the Epicurean school, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original template, exact original date not known

Third and last emperor of the Flavian dyansty, Domitian (51-96 CE) was the youngest son of Vespasian and spent most of his youth in the shadow of his more accomplished brother Titus, who earned his renown during the First Jewish-Roman War. When his father became emperor at the end of the Year of the Four Emperors in 69 CE, Titus was given a great many offices while Domitian held honours but no responsibilities. This would go on for many years, until his brother, succeeding his father in 79 CE, himself died unexpectedly from illness in 81 CE. Domitian was suddenly declared emperor by the Praetorian Guard. During his reign, Domitian strengthened the Roman economy, expanded the Empire's border defenses and initiated a massive building program to restore the debilitated Rome. Further wars were fought in Britain. Domitian ruled more autocratically than previous emperors, seeing himself as the new Augustus, and formed a cult of personality around himself, making him popular with the people b

Herennius Etruscus (227-251) was the son of Emperor Decius Trajan and older brother of future Emperor Hostilian. Herennius was born in Pannonia during one of his father's military postings. He joined the army to fight alongside his father, and followed his father in his rebellion against Emperor Philip. Herennius became heir to the throne in 249. When the Gothic tribes began raiding across the Danube frontier, Herennius' father raised him to the rank of co-emperor, and together they embarked on a campaign against the Goths, while Hostilian remained in Rome. It was during the fateful Battle of Abrittus that Herennius died in battle, struck by an enemy arrow.

Publius Vergillus Maro. Virgil (79-19 BC) Roman poet author of Aeneid and Georgics, Ancient roman empire. Italy, Europe. Old 19th century engraved illustration, El Mundo Ilustrado 1881

Demokritos .

Gaius Plinius Secundus, 23 AD 79 AD Pliny the Elder, Roman writer, naturalist and natural philosopher, the History of Ancient Rome, Roman Empire, Italy, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original, Europe

Titus, Roman Emperor.

Berengar II., King of Italy.

Statue of a caryatid, a sculpture representing a woman. It is used in architecture in place of a column or pillar in portals and the articulation of facades, from the Villa Albani, historic Rome, Italy, digital reproduction of an 18th century original, original date not known, Europe

XENOPHON Greek soldier and writer.

Italy: Gallienus (218-268), 41st Roman emperor, from the book Romanorvm imperatorvm effigies: elogijs ex diuersis scriptoribus per Thomam Treteru S. Mariae Transtyberim canonicum collectis, c. 1583. Gallienus was the son of Emperor Valerian, and initially served as co-emperor alongside his father in 253, dividing the Roman Empire between them. While Valerian dealt with the East, Gallienus was tasked with dealing with the Germanic tribes of the West.

Trollope.

Speculum Romanae Magnificentiae: Julius Caesar, from The Twelve Caesars ca. 1500-1534 After Marcantonio Raimondi Italian This print comes from the museums copy of the Speculum Romanae Magnificentiae (The Mirror of Roman Magnificence) The Speculum found its origin in the publishing endeavors of Antonio Salamanca and Antonio Lafreri. During their Roman publishing careers, the two foreign publishers - who worked together between 1553 and 1563 - initiated the production of prints recording art works, architecture and city views related to Antique and Modern Rome. The prints could be bought individually by tourists and collectors, but were also purchased in larger groups which were often bound together in an album. In 1573, Lafreri commissioned a title page for this purpose, which is where the title ‘Speculum Romanae Magnificentiae first appears. Lafreri envisioned an ideal arrangement of the prints in 7 different categories, but during his lifetime, never appears to have offered one stan

Terence, William.

Tiberius Claudius Cäsar Augustus Germanicus, Tiberius Claudius Nero Germanicus, 1. August 10 v. Chr. - 13. Oktober 54 n. war der vierte römische Kaise...

Italy/Holland: 'Otho, Emperor of Rome' (32 - 69 CE), line engraving by Aegidus Sadeler, after Titian, 17th Century

TITUS QUINCTIUS FLAMINIUS Roman general, noted for his campaign against the Macedonians Date: 230 - 174 BC

Marcus Clodius Pupienus Maximus(c. 168-238) wasRoman emperorwithBalbinusfor three months in 238, during theYear of the Six Emperors.This bust is housed in the Louvre in Paris.

Ornament with a soldier, Lucas van Leyden, 1527 print paper engraving head (human). ornament derived from plant forms

Bust Van Hercules, Hubert someninus, 1646 - 1670 print Classic bust of Hercules. The skin of a lion hangs over his shoulder. The print is part of an album with a series of prints to the sculptures in the collection of Gerard Reynst. paper engraving piece of sculpture, reproduction of a piece of sculpture. (story of) Hercules (Heracles)

Italy: Portrait of Honorius (384-423), 71st Western Roman emperor, from the book 'Das Welttheater' by C. Strahlheim, Frankfurt, 1836

Arcadius, oströmischer Kaiser .

Costume of a Roman lictor. He carries a fasces or axe, and wears a brown chlamys cloak, white tunic, short trousers and caliga boots. Within a decorative frame engraved by H. Catenacci and Fellmann. Woodblock engraving by Gerard Seguin and E.F. Huyot after a woodcut by Christoph Krieger from Cesare Vecellios 16th century Costumes anciens et modernes, Habiti antichi et moderni di tutto il mondo, Firman Didot Ferris Fils, Paris, 1859-1860.

'Trajan', (53-117), 1830. Trajan (53-117) Roman emperor 98-117 remembered for the greatest military expansion in Roman history, philanthropy, extensive public building programs and social welfare policies. His conquest of Dacia enriched the empire and is commemorated on Trajan's Column. From "Biographical Illustrations", by Alfred Howard. Thomas Tegg, R. Griffin and Co., J. Cumming, London, Glasgow and Dublin, 1830

Callimachus .

Antinous from Unpublished Monuments of Antiquity (Monumenti antichi inediti) by Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717-1768) after a bas-relief of Villa Albani in Rome, engraving, 1767

Armand Jean Duplessis, Duc de Richelieu, 1585-1642, French prelate and statesman: Cardinal 1624: Minister of state to Louis XIII and de facto ruler of France from 1629, Engraving based on Philippe de Champaigne portrait and surrounded by his achievements including crushing of Huguenots at La Rochell

Aristippus, born around 435 BC, died around 356 BC Founder of the Cyrenaic school of philosophy. From the book Crabbe's Historical Dictionary, published in 1825, Historical, digitally restored reproduction from a 19th century original, Record date not stated

Augustus, Gaius Octavius, 23 September 63 BC, 19 August 14 AD, the first Roman emperor, Historical, historical, digital reproduction of an original from the 19th century

Nicolas Poussin 1594 - 1665. French artist. After an engraving by Albertus Clouwet from a self portrait by Nicolas Poussin.

Oval portrait of a Batavier, Jacques Kuyper, 1771 - 1808 drawing Possible design for a print. paper. ink pen / brush

BACO CON CORONA DE RACIMOS DE UVAS. Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION, MADRID, SPAIN.

Hannibal Barca (247-183/181 BC). Carthaginian military. Engraving. Lemaitre direxit. Panorama Universal. History of Carthage, 1850.

Heinrich IV., Roman-German Emperor.

Portrait of emperor galba; Roman emperors. .

Karl I, the big, Roman emperor.

ARCADIO. EMPERADOR ROMANO DE ORIENTE DESDE EL 395-408. NACIDO EN ESPAÑA AÑO 377. GRABADO RETRATO. BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL . MADRID.

Hannibal Barca (247-183 BC). Carthaginian general and statesman. Portrait. Drawing by Llanta. Lithography. Cronica General de Espana, Historia Ilustrada y Descriptiva de sus Provincias (General Chronicle of Spain, Illustrated and Descriptive History of its Provinces), Balearics, 1871.

Augustus, Caius Octavius loses: Langlois, Franis (1589) Date: 1601/1645

GIOVANNI II BENTIVOGLIO Italian noble, signor di Bologna. Date: 1439 - 1508

HONORIUS, Flavius (384-423). First Western Roman Emperor (395-423). Engraving. SPAIN. MADRID (AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY). Madrid. National Library.

Gaius Aurelius Valerius DIOCLETIANUS Roman emperor : a great administrator but fiercely anti-Christian Date: 245 - 313

Outacite Ostenaco c1703 - c1780 Chief of the Cherokees Engraving from an old print from the book The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine May to October 1883

Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, 31 August 12, 24 January 41, known as Caligula, was Roman Emperor from 37 to 41, bronze bust in the Capitoline Museum, Rome, Italy, digitally enhanced reproduction of an original 19th century print, Europe

Alkibiades, Alkibiades, c. 450 BC - 404 BC an important Athenian statesman, orator and general, here as a younger man, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original, exact date unknown

money / finances, coins, ancient world, Greece, tetradrachm, obverse, Dionysus, Naxos, circa 460 BC, wood engraving, from: ""Le Magasin Pittoresque"", Paris, 1865,

Canute the Great, Illustration from John Cassell's Illustrated History of England, Vol. I from the earliest period to the reign of Edward the Fourth, Cassell, Petter and Galpin, 1857

Anna Louisa Karsch, called Karschin (1722-1791), poet

Portret van Christ, Paul Pontius, after Peter Paul Rubens, 1633 print Portrait of Christ. In the margin a three -faced caption in Latin. Below that a six -line caption with an assignment in Latin. Antwerp paper engraving 'portraits' of Christ

France - 11th century. Godfrey of Bouillon (1060-1100), a medieval knight and leader of the First Crusade from 1096 until his death. After the fall of Jerusalem in 1099, Godfrey became the first ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Engraving on copper (end of the 16th century)

Jean Mounet-Sully (1841-1916) celebrated French tragedian in role of Oedipus in LOedipe roi, Jules Lecroixs French version of Sophocless play. From Le Petit Journal, Paris, 17 September 1892. Actor, Theatre, Drama, France

Infanta Maria Josefa of Spain (1744-1801). Princess of Naples and Sicily. Engraving. Medallion portrait by Rico. The Spanish and American Illustration, 1877. Colored.

Italy, Schiaminossi, Raffaello, Il sacrato collegio apostolico, Christ, Mary and the twelve apostles, S. Iacobus Maior, Saint James the Greater, verso - stamped, Saint James the Greater with his staff over his shoulder. Around his head a circular nimbus. Title in bottom margin., print, prent, prints, height 507 mm, width 375 mm, Italian, 1572 - 1622, print maker, printmaker, 1606 - 1607, paper, papier, etching, etchings, plaattoon, Work conception, after own design by

Apollonius of Tyana (born around 40. died around 120 probably in Ephesus. previously assumed to have lived from around 3 BC to around 97 AD) was an ancient Greek philosopher. from the book Crabbe's Historical Dictionary. 1825. Historical. colored. digitally restored reproduction from a 19th-century original

Bust of Julia, Daughter of Titus

Louis II or Louis the Stammerer, 846-878. Ludovicus III, Balbus. King of Aquitaine, King of West Francia. Copperplate engraving from Abraham Bogaerts De Roomsche Monarchy, The Roman Monarchy, Francois Salma, Utrecht, 1697.

Konrad II., Roman-German Emperor.

Bust of Plato a philosopher and mathematician in Classical Greece, and the founder of the Academy in Athens.

Marcus Aurelius (121 AD Ð 180 AD). Roman Emperor from 161 to 180. Engraving by J. Serra Pausas. Historia de Espana, 1882.

Gattamelata, Erasmo de Narni.

RETRATO DE CLAUDIO TOLOMEO - ASTRONOMO GRIEGO- 100/170- GRABADO NEOCLASICO-S XVIII. Author: ETIENNE PICART (1632-1721). Location: BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL-COLECCION. MADRID. SPAIN.

The Moses (c. 15131515) is a masterpiece of High Renaissance sculpture by the renowned artist Michelangelo Buonarroti, housed in the church of San Pietro in Vincoli in Rome. Commissioned in 1505 by Pope Julius II for his tomb. Moses is depicted with horns on his head, to symbolise wisdom and enlightenment. Date: early 16th century

Portrait of Cyrus II The Great, Noël François Bertrand, 1795 - 1852 print print maker: Francepublisher: Paris paper historical persons. helmet

Portrait of William II, known as William Rufus or William the Red, 1056 - 1100, King of England from 1087 until 1100

Ptolemy I, Soter (d283 BC). One of greatest generals of Alexander the Great, on whose death he became king of Egypt, founding the Ptolemaic dynasty. Stipple engraving 1803

Chilean miner, Valparaiso, vintage engraved illustration. Magasin Pittoresque 1847.

GRABADO- BUSTO DE ZEUS HALLADO EN OTRICOLI. Location: PRIVATE COLLECTION. MADRID. SPANIEN.

The ancient marble statue of Tiberius in the Vatican Museum in Rome, Italy, digitally enhanced reproduction of an original print from the 19th century, Europe

Martin Luther als Junker Jörg, 10. November 1483, 18. Februar 1546, bei seiner Rückkehr auf die Wartburg im Jahr 1522, Replik eines Holzschnitts von L...

bust depicting Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria by Bertel Thorvaldsen, published in 'Die Kunst im deutschen Reich' (Art in the German Reich) was first published in January 1937 by Gauleiter Adolf Wagnerand later issued under the direction Adolf Hitler himself.

Bust of Stamford Raffles (1781-1826) a British statesman, Lieutenant-Governor of British Java and Governor-General of Bencoolen. Dated 19th century

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