Space Shuttle Cockpits

Photos of astronauts operating Space Shuttle cockpits, focusing on controls and instruments during various flight operations and training.

ISS036-E-005765 (2 June 2013) --- Inside the Cupola, European Space Agency astronaut Luca Parmitano, an Expedition 36 flight engineer, eyeballs a point on Earth some 250 miles below him and the International Space Station before pinpointing a specific photo target of opportunity. He holds a digital still camera, equipped with a 400mm lens. Parmitano has been on board the orbital outpost for about three days and will continue his stay into November.

Photographs of the Space Shuttle Training Aircraft (STA) in flight during approaches to White Sands Space Harbor (WSSH). Pilot: STS-132 Pilot Tony Antonelli along with AOD Chief, Dick Clark. Location: White Sands Space Harbor (WSSH). Photo Date: April 14, 2010.

NASA African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (NAMMA) DC-8 deployment to Cape Verde, Sal island, Africa

STS-132 CREW CEIT - ATLANTIS

S125-E-007027 (13 May 2009) --- Astronauts Megan McArthur and Mike Massimino, both STS-125 mission specialists, work controls on the aft flight deck of Space Shuttle Atlantis during the flight day three activities.

S125-E-006522 (13 May 2009) --- Astronaut Gregory C. Johnson, STS-125 pilot, occupies the pilots station on the flight deck of the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Atlantis during flight day three activities.

ISS036-E-005765 (2 June 2013) --- Inside the Cupola, European Space Agency astronaut Luca Parmitano, an Expedition 36 flight engineer, eyeballs a point on Earth some 250 miles below him and the International Space Station before pinpointing a specific photo target of opportunity. He holds a digital still camera, equipped with a 400mm lens. Parmitano has been on board the orbital outpost for about three days and will continue his stay into November.

STS-131 CREW CEIT - DISCOVERY

JSC2008-E-038921 (6 May 2008) --- Astronaut Ron Garan, STS-124 mission specialist, prepares for a flight in a NASA T-38 trainer jet from Ellington Field near NASA's Johnson Space Center to Kennedy Space Center, Florida.

NASA Monsoon Multidisciplinary analysis (NAMMA) deployment, Sal Island, Cape Verde Africia

JSC2011-E-028166 (23 March 2011) --- European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori (right) and NASA astronaut Andrew Feustel, both STS-134 mission specialists, participate in an exercise in the systems engineering simulator in the Avionics Systems Laboratory at NASA's Johnson Space Center. The facility includes moving scenes of full-sized International Space Station components over a simulated Earth.

STS-131 LAUNCH L-3 SUITED STA'S

DC-8 NAMMA MISSION TO CAPE VERDE, AFRICA Dr Robert Pasken, St Louis University, prepares to release a dropsonde from the DC-8 during a NAMMA science flight

STS105-E-5001 (10 August 2001) ---Astronaut Scott J. Horowitz, STS-105 commander, checks flight notes at the commander's station on the flight deck of the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Discovery. The image was recorded with a digital still camera.

Vertical Motion Simulator (VMS) Astronaut Terry Virts flying the shuttle during simulation flight

ISS036-E-026326 (29 July 2013) --- In the International Space Stations Cupola, European Space Agency astronaut Luca Parmitano, Expedition 36 flight engineer, participates in an onboard training activity in preparation for the grapple and berthing of the Japanese Kounotori H2 Transfer Vehicle-4 (HTV-4) set for August 9.

S134-E-006882 (18 May 2011) --- NASA astronaut Greg H. Johnson, STS-134 pilot, occupies his station on the forward flight deck of space shuttle Endeavour during rendezvous and docking operations with the International Space Station on flight day three.

STS007-05-029 / S83-35783(5-13 Oct 1984) --- Astronaut Sally K. Ride, mission specialist, is shown here sitting in the front seat and looking out the windows of the Earth-orbiting Space Shuttle Challenger. Ride and four other crew members are onboard the Challenger.

Office of the Secretary - SECRETARY DONALD EVANS ON NOAA HURRICANE HUNTER

PHOTO DATE: 12-21-09LOCATION: Bldg 9NWSUBJECT: STS-130 crew during SSMTF COR/ASSY PROC training in building 9NW.

The Soyuz rocket and Soyuz TMA-13M spacecraft is assembled at Building 112 on the Baikonur Cosmodrome on Sunday, May 25, 2014 in Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz is scheduled for May 29 and will send Expedition 40 Soyuz Commander Maxim Suraev of the Russian Federal Space Agency, Roscosmos, Flight Engineer Alexander Gerst of the European Space Agency, ESA, and Flight Engineer Reid Wiseman of NASA to the International Space Station for a five and a half month stay.

Robert Lightfoot, acting NASA administrator and Thomas Zurbuchen NASA AA for the science mission directorate view a partial eclipse solar eclipse Monday, August 21, 2017, from onboard a NASA Armstrong Flight Research Centers Gulfstream III 35,000 feet above the Oregon Coast. A total solar eclipse swept across a narrow portion of the contiguous United States from Lincoln Beach, Oregon to Charleston, South Carolina.

JSC2006-E-27871 (22 June 2006) --- Astronaut Brent W. Jett Jr., STS-115 commander, prepares for a flight in a NASA T-38 trainer jet at Ellington Field near Johnson Space Center.

jsc2018e025586 - At the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, Expedition 555 crewmember Ricky Arnold of NASA flashes a smile March 16 as he boards his Soyuz spacecraft for final fit check activities. Arnold, Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos and Drew Feustel of NASA will launch March 21 on the Soyuz MS-08 spacecraft for a five-month mission on the International Space Station...NASA/Victor Zelentsov.

STS-95 Payload Specialist John H. Glenn Jr. arrives aboard a T-38 jet aircraft at the Shuttle Landing Facility at KSC to participate in a Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) for the launch scheduled for liftoff on Oct. 29, 1998. The TCDT includes activities to familiarize them with the mission, training in emergency exit from the orbiter and launch pad, and a simulated main engine cut-off exercise. Other crew members on the mission are Mission Commander Curtis L. Brown , Pilot Steven W. Lindsey; Mission Specialists Scott E. Parazynski, Stephen K. Robinson, and Pedro Duque of Spain, representing the European Space Agency (ESA); and Payload Specialist Chiaki Mukai, representing the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA). The STS-95 mission includes research payloads such as the Spartan solar-observing deployable spacecraft, the Hubble Space Telescope Orbital Systems Test Platform, the International Extreme Ultraviolet Hitchhiker, as well as the SPACEHAB single module

ISS038-E-011798 (4 Dec. 2013) --- In the Cupola, NASA astronaut Mike Hopkins, Expedition 38 flight engineer, has his left hand on the controls of robotics aboard the International Space Station.

STS-132 CREW CEIT - ATLANTIS

STS031-101-053 (24-29 April 199) --- A 35mm camera equipped with a fish-eye lens captured this view on Discovery's flight deck featuring astronaut Kathryn D. Sullivan with a Hasselblad camera on forward flight deck and astronaut Loren J. Shriver, pen in hand, amending flight data on aft flight deck.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- STS-117 Commander Frederick Sturckow settles into his seat in the shuttle training aircraft, or STA, at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility. He will be making practice landings in the STA, which is a Grumman American Aviation-built Gulf Stream II jet that was modified to simulate an orbiter's cockpit, motion and visual cues, and handling qualities. In flight, the STA duplicates the orbiter's atmospheric descent trajectory from approximately 35,000 feet altitude to landing on a runway. STS-117 is scheduled to launch at 7:38 p.m. June 8. During the 11-day mission and three spacewalks, the crew will work with flight controllers at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston to install the 17-ton segment on the station's girder-like truss and deploy the set of solar arrays, S3/S4. The mission will increase the space station's power capability in preparation for the arrival of new science modules from the European and Japanese space agencies.

STS-132 TCDT - SUITED STA'S AT SLF

JSC2011-E-016869 (11 Feb. 2011) --- NASA astronaut Gregory H. Johnson (left), STS-134 pilot, along with European Space Agency astronaut Roberto Vittori (foreground) and NASAastronaut Michael Fincke, both mission specialists, participate in a simulation exercise in the motion-base simulator in the Jake Garn Simulation and Training Facility at NASA's Johnson Space Center.

NASA Dryden life support technician Jim Sokolik assists pressure-suited pilot Dee Porter into the cockpit of NASA's ER-2 Earth resources aircraft.

NASA astronaut Chris Ferguson, STS-135 commander, examines the thermal tiles of the orbiter after the space shuttle Atlantis landed at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida completing STS-135, the final mission of the NASA shuttle program, on Thursday, July 21, 2011. ( NASA Photo / Houston Chronicle, Smiley N. Pool )

NASA African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (NAMMA) DC-8 deployment to Cape Verde, Sal island, Africa

U.S. Air Force Capt. Ryan Adams, 9th Airlift Squadron pilot, prepares a C-5M Super Galaxy for takeoff at Buckley Space Force Base, Colorado, Jan. 22, 2024. Geostationary Operational Environmental Stationary - U will go through a series of electrical tests to confirm it is working properly and mechanical configurations to prepare it for launch.

A low ceiling of broken clouds offers opportunities for researches to sample clouds during part of the flight and clear air during other parts of the flight. --- The b a href= http //naames.larc.nasa.gov/ rel= nofollow North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study /a /b (NAAMES) is a five year investigation to resolve key processes controlling ocean system function, their influences on atmospheric aerosols and clouds and their implications for climate. Michael Starobin joined the NAAMES field campaign on behalf of Earth Expeditions and NASA Goddard Space Flight Centers Office of Communications. He presented stories about the important, multi-disciplinary research being conducted by the NAAMES team, with an eye towards future missions on the NASA drawing board. This is a NAAMES photo essay put together by Starobin, a collection of 49 photographs and captions.

DATE: 10-25-13LOCATION: Bldg 16, Rm 1040SUBJECT: Expedition 42/43 crew members Samantha Cristoforetti, Barry Wilmore, Terry Virts during FF T&C/R Mini Sim 1 in the SES Alpha Cupola trainer.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- Space shuttle Discovery's STS-133 Pilot Eric Boe prepares to depart NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida in a T-38 training jet. Boe and his five crewmates will wait until at least Nov. 30 to launch to the International Space Station because a leak was detected at the Ground Umbilical Carrier Plate (GUCP) while Discovery's external fuel tank was being loaded for launch on Nov. 5. The GUCP is an attachment point between the external tank and a pipe that carries gaseous hydrogen safely away from the shuttle to the flare stack, where it is burned off. Engineers and managers also will evaluate a crack in the foam on the external tank.During the 11-day mission, STS-133 will deliver the Permanent Multipurpose Module, packed with supplies and critical spare parts, as well as Robonaut 2, to the orbiting laboratory. Discovery, which will fly its 39th mission, is scheduled to be retired following STS-133. This will be the 133rd Space Shuttle Program mission and the

OSIRIS-REx Sample Return Training. Members of the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Flight Operations team are seen during field rehearsals in preparation for the retrieval of the sample return capsule from NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission, Tuesday, Aug. 29, 2023, at the Department of Defense's Utah Test and Training Range. The sample was collected from the asteroid Bennu in October 2020 by NASAs OSIRIS-REx spacecraft and will return to Earth on September 24th, landing under parachute at the Utah Test and Training Range.

Astronauts John Young and Brewster Shaw in Shuttle Training Aircraft (STA), shot by National Geographic/Otis Imboden.

PHOTO DATE: 11/09/12 LOCATION: EFDSUBJECT: Expedition 37/38 astronaut Mike Hopkins and Exp. 41/42 astronaut Butch Wilmore preparing for T-38 flight

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla., Mark McManus makes a final inspection of the first stage aft skirt on the Pegasus XL rocket, the vehicle that will launch the High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (HESSI). The primary mission of HESSI is to explore the basic physics of particle acceleration and energy release in solar flares. The launch of PegasusXL/HESSI is scheduled for Feb. 5, 2002, from beneath the Orbital Sciences Corp. L-1011 aircraft seen here

STS-132 LAUNCH L-2 SUITED STA'S WITH COMMANDER & PILOT

NASA research pilot John A. Manke is seen here in front of the M2-F3 Lifting Body. Manke was hired by NASA on May 25, 1962, as a flight research engineer. He was later assigned to the pilot's office and flew various support aircraft including the F-104, F5D, F-111 and C-47. After leaving the Marine Corps in 1960, Manke worked for Honeywell Corporation as a test engineer for two years before coming to NASA. He was project pilot on the X-24B and also flew the HL-10, M2-F3, and X-24A lifting bodies. John made the first supersonic flight of a lifting body and the first landing of a lifting body on a hard surface runway.Manke served as Director of the Flight Operations and Support Directorate at the Dryden Flight Research Center prior to its integration with Ames Research Center in October 1981. After this date John was named to head the joint Ames-Dryden Directorate of Flight Operations. He also served as site manager of the NASA Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility.John is a member of

S116-E-07787 (21 Dec. 2006) --- Astronauts Mark L. Polansky (left) and William A. (Bill) Oefelein, STS-116 commander and pilot, respectively, look over procedures checklists on the forward flight deck of Space Shuttle Discovery during flight day 13 activities.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At center, STS-120 mission specialist Doug Wheelock checks out the tiles on the underside of space shuttle Discovery after its landing. The Discovery crew completed the 15-day mission STS-120, with an on-time landing at 1:01:16 p.m. Wheel stop was at 1:02:07 p.m. Mission elapsed time was 15 days, 2 hours, 24 minutes and 2 seconds. Mission STS-120 continued the construction of the station with the installation of the Harmony Node 2 module and the relocation of the P6 truss.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At the Shuttle Landing Facility at NASA's Kennedy Space Center, STS-122 Commander Steve Frick (right) and Pilot Alan Poindexter exit the crew transport vehicle. After a round trip of nearly 5.3 million miles, space shuttle Atlantis and crew returned to Earth with a landing at 9:07 a.m. EST. The shuttle landed on orbit 202 to complete the 13-day STS-122 mission. Main gear touchdown was 9:07:10 a.m. Nose gear touchdown was 9:07:20 a.m. Wheel stop was at 9:08:08 a.m. Mission elapsed time was 12 days, 18 hours, 21 minutes and 44 seconds. During the mission, Atlantis' crew installed the new Columbus laboratory, leaving a larger space station and one with increased science capabilities. The Columbus Research Module adds nearly 1,000 cubic feet of habitable volume and affords room for 10 experiment racks, each an independent science lab.

NASA Monsoon Multidisciplinary analysis (NAMMA) deployment, Sal Island, Cape Verde Africia

Hanksville, Utah, Researchers simulate living on Mars at the Mars Desert Research Station. 'Expedition Boomerang' brought Australian researchers to the station

Antarctic Dry Valleys expedition 1996 (Chris McKay party)

OSIRIS-REx Sample Return Training. The Department of Defense's Utah Test and Training Range is seen from the cockpit of a helicopter, Wednesday, July 19, 2023, as recovery teams participate in helicopter training in preparation for the retrieval of the sample return capsule from NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission. The sample was collected from the asteroid Bennu in October 2020 by NASAs OSIRIS-REx spacecraft and will return to Earth on September 24th, landing under parachute at the Utah Test and Training Range.

After landing at the Shuttle Landing Facility, STS-103 Pilot Scott J. Kelly (left) and Commander Curtis L. Brown Jr. (right) look at the tiles on orbiter Discovery. They and other crew members Mission Specialists Steven L. Smith, C. Michael Foale (Ph.D.), John M. Grunsfeld (Ph.D.), Jean-Francois Clervoy of France and Claude Nicollier of Switzerland, completed a successful eight-day mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope, spending the Christmas holiday in space in order to accomplish their mission before the end of 1999. During the mission, Discovery's four space-walking astronauts, Smith, Foale, Grunsfeld and Nicollier, spent 24 hours and 33 minutes upgrading and refurbishing Hubble, making it more capable than ever to renew its observations of the universe. Mission objectives included replacing gyroscopes and an old computer, installing another solid state recorder, and replacing damaged insulation in the telescope. Hubble was released from the end of Discovery's robot arm on C

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- STS-120 Pilot George Zamka disembarks from a Shuttle Training Aircraft, or STA, at NASA Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility. He and STS-120 Commander Pam Melroy were training for their upcoming space shuttle mission by practicing landings in STAs. Melroy is the second woman to command a shuttle mission. Also assigned to STS-120 are Mission Specialists Scott Parazynski, Stephanie Wilson, Doug Wheelock, Paolo Nespoli and Daniel Tani. Nespoli represents the European Space Agency. Tani will remain on the International Space Station as an Expedition 16 flight engineer after the STS-120 mission is complete. The mission will be the 23rd shuttle flight to the International Space Station, delivering the Italian-built U.S. Node 2, called Harmony. The crew arrived at Kennedy on Oct. 19 to prepare for launch aboard space shuttle Discovery at 11:38 a.m. EDT Oct. 23. The 14-day mission includes five spacewalks -- four by shuttle crew members and one by the

STS98-E-5203 (13 February 2001) --- Astronaut Mark L. Polansky, STS-98 pilot, checks out a detail in a flight plan at the pilot's station on the Space Shuttle Atlantis on February 13. This scene was recorded with a digital still camera.

Bob Cabana, director of NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, begins an aerial survey of the center on Saturday. The survey was performed to identify structures and facilities that may have sustained damage from Hurricane Matthew as the storm passed to the east of Kennedy on Oct. 6 and 7, 2016. Officials determined that the center received some isolated roof damage, damaged support buildings, a few downed power lines, and limited water intrusion. Beach erosion also occurred, although the storm surge was less than expected. NASA closed the center ahead of the storms onset and only a small team of specialists known as the Rideout Team was on the center as the storm approached and passed.

In advance of a testing flight at NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, members of the test team prepare the engineering model of the Mars Science Laboratory descent radar on the nose gimbal of a helicopter. The yellow disks are the radar's antennae.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - NASA pilot Rick Hull and aerospace engineer Brian Barnett are strapped into their seats in the WB-57F aircraft that will take photos of Space Shuttle Discovery during its launch on Return to Flight mission STS-114. NASA approved the development and implementation of the aircraft-based imaging system, known as the WB-57 Ascent Video Experiment (WAVE). The WAVE provides both ascent and entry imagery and enables better observation of the Shuttle on days of heavier cloud cover and areas obscured from ground cameras by the launch exhaust plume. WAVE comprises a 32-inch-ball turret system mounted on the nose of two WB-57 aircraft. The turret houses an optical bench, providing installation of both HDTV and infrared cameras. Optics consist of an 11-inch-diameter, 4.2 meter fixed-focal-length lens. The system can be operated in both auto track and manual modes.

NASA Monsoon Multidisciplinary analysis (NAMMA) deployment, Sal Island, Cape Verde Africia

S117-E-06625 (9 June 2007) --- Astronauts Rick Sturckow (left) and Lee Archambault, STS-117 commander and pilot, respectively, look over procedures checklists on the flight deck of Space Shuttle Atlantis.

Astronauts Stuart A. Roosa, and Alfred M. Worden training a tRendezvous Docking Simulator NASA Langley. Worden was one of the 19 astronauts selected by NASA in April 1966. He served as a member of the astronaut support crew for the Apollo 9 flight and as backup command module pilot for the Apollo 12 flight.Colonel Roosa was one of the 19 astronauts selected by NASA in April 1966. He was a member of the astronaut support crew for the Apollo 9 flight.

NASA pilot Jim Less is assisted by life support as he is fitted with a Cobham designed VigiLOX pilot oxygen monitoring system. VigiLOX is a sensing system that is attached to a pilots existing gear to capture real-time physiological, breathing gas and cockpit environmental data.

. The ALOFT mission, Airborne Lightning Observatory for Flys eye simulator and Terrestrial gamma ray flashes, is a collaboration between NASA and the University of Bergen, Norway. NASA Armstrong Flight Research Centers ER-2 aircraft flies just above the height of thunderclouds over the Floridian and Caribbean coastlines to collect data about lightning glows and terrestrial gamma ray flashes. Scientists expect to collect more accurate data than ever before that can advance the study of high-energy radiation emissions from thunderstorms.

NASA astronaut Butch Wilmore, right, watches as teams work around Boeings CST-100 Starliner spacecraft after it landed at White Sands Missile Ranges Space Harbor, Wednesday, May 25, 2022, in New Mexico. Boeings Orbital Flight Test-2 (OFT-2) is Starliners second uncrewed flight test to the International Space Station as part of NASA's Commercial Crew Program. OFT-2 serves as an end-to-end test of the system's capabilities.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- At the Shuttle Landing Facility, STS-116 Pilot William Oelefein steps on the stairs to the shuttle training aircraft (STA) to practice landing the orbiter. The mission crew is at KSC for the terminal countdown demonstration test, which are prelaunch preparations that include a simulated launch countdown. STA practice is part of the TCDT. The STA is a Grumman American Aviation-built Gulf Stream II jet that was modified to simulate an orbiter's cockpit, motion and visual cues, and handling qualities. In flight, the STA duplicates the orbiter's atmospheric descent trajectory from approximately 35,000 feet altitude to landing on a runway. Because the orbiter is unpowered during re-entry and landing, its high-speed glide must be perfectly executed the first time.

jsc2017e038548 (March 30, 2017) --- At the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star city, Russia, Expedition 51 crewmember Fyodor Yurchikhin of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) strikes a reflective pose March 30 as he prepares to enter a Russian segment systems simulator as part of final crew qualification exams. Yurchikhin and Jack Fischer of NASA will launch April 20 on the Soyuz MS-04 spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for a four and a half month mission on the International Space Station.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - Inside Orbiter Processing Facility-1 at NASAs Kennedy Space Center in Florida, technicians prepare to install the shuttle orbiter repackaged galley (SORG) in the middeck of space shuttle Discovery.After Discoverys final mission, STS-133, the SORG was removed and sent to a United Space Alliance lab in Houston where it was cleaned and deserviced. Water in the microbial check valve and the orbiter water system was drained and dried. The SORG was returned to Kennedy Space Center. The work is part of the Space Shuttle Programs transition and retirement processing of shuttle Discovery, which is being prepared for display at Smithsonians National Air and Space Museum, Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, Va.

STS-84 crew members, from left, Mission Specialist Carlos I. Noriega, Commander Charles J. Precourt and Mission Specialist Jean-Francois Clervoy examine the tires of the Space Shuttle Atlantis after landing. Atlantis traveled about 3.6 million miles during the nine-day mission, which was the sixth of nine planned dockings of the Space Shuttle with the Russian Space Station Mir. The mission also included the exchange of STS-84 Mission Specialist C. Michael Foale for astronaut and Mir 23 crew member, Jerry M. Linenger, who spent the last four months on the Russian space station

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- STS-134 Pilot Greg H. Johnson prepares to perform touch-and-go landings aboard a Shuttle Training Aircraft (STA) on the Shuttle Landing Facility runway at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. An STA is a Gulfstream II jet that is modified to mimic the shuttle's handling during the final phase of landing. Kelly and Johnson will practice landings as part of standard training before space shuttle Endeavour's launch to the International Space Station. Endeavour and its crew will deliver the Express Logistics Carrier-3, Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-2 (AMS), a high-pressure gas tank and additional spare parts for the Dextre robotic helper to the station. This will be the final spaceflight for Endeavour.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Inside the orbiter mockup at NASA Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility, volunteer "astronaut" Jeremy Garcia, with United Space Alliance (USA), is helped with his launch and entry suit by USA Insertion Tech George Brittingham before a simulated emergency landing of a shuttle crew. Known as a Mode VI exercise, the operation uses volunteer workers from the Center to pose as astronauts. The purpose of the simulation is to exercise emergency preparedness personnel, equipment and facilities in rescuing astronauts from a downed orbiter and providing immediate medical attention.

Regions - Images Relating to the Discover-AQ Program - images and video clips relating to the Discover-AQ Program. Discover-AQ stands for Deriving Information on Surface conditions from COlumn and VERtically resolved observations relevant to Air Quality , Environmental Protection Agency

S85-E-5087 (14 August 1997) --- From the left, astronaut Stephen K. Robinson, mission specialist, aims a camera through Discovery's aft windows facing the cargo bay while Robert L. Curbeam Jr., mission specialist, and Kent V. Rominger, pilot, look on. Clouds over Earth are visible in the background through the overhead windows.

NASA research pilot Wayne Ringelberg wears a U.S. Air Force configuration of the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California prototype mask, which uses laser sensors to determine levels of carbon dioxide and water exhaled inside the mask. This prototype was tested in conjunction with the current VigilOX system, which measures the pilots oxygen concentration, breathing pressures and flow rates. This and the U.S. Navy configuration was used in the Pilot Breathing Assessment program at NASAs Armstrong Flight Research Center in California.

NASA astronauts Jessica Watkins and Bob Hines, Crew-4 Mission Specialist and Pilot respectively, are pictured looking out a window inside the SpaceX Dragon Freedom crew ship during their journey to the International Space Station.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - STS-121 Mission Commander Steven Lindsey is the first of the crew to exit the crew transport vehicle brought alongside the orbiter Discovery after landing. Behind him can be seen Mission Specialist Michael Fossum. The rest of the crew are Pilot Mark Kelly and Mission Specialists Piers Sellers, Lisa Nowak and Stephanie Wilson. Mission Specialist Thomas Reiter, who launched with the crew on July 4, remained on the station to join the Expedition 13 crew there. Discovery's smooth and perfect landing was on time at 9:14 a.m. EDT on Runway 15 of NASA's Shuttle Landing Facility after traveling 5.3 million miles on 202 orbits. Mission elapsed time was 12 days, 18 hours, 37 minutes and 54 seconds. The landing is the 62nd at Kennedy Space Center and the 32nd for Discovery.

S133-E-007907 (1 March 2011) --- Russian cosmonaut Alexander Kaleri (bottom), Expedition 26 flight engineer; along with NASA astronauts Alvin Drew (top) and Steve Bowen, both STS-133 mission specialists, are pictured in the newly-installed Permanent Multipurpose Module (PMM) of the International Space Station while space shuttle Discovery remains docked with the station.

STS030-S-131 (8 May 1989) --- Crewmembers who spent just over four full days in space aboard Space Shuttle Atlantis egress their temporary home for a welcome meeting with terra firma. Astronaut David M. Walker, mission commander, shakes hands with Rear Admiral Richard H. Truly, acting NASA Administrator. Astronaut Ronald J. Grabe (center frame), pilot, is greeted by Dale D. Myers, Deputy Administrator. Pictured behind Grabe, from bottom of steps to top, are astronauts Norman E. Thagard, Mary L. Cleave and Mark C. Lee, all mission specialists. Minutes earlier, the spacecraft s landing gear came to a stop at 12 44 33 P.M. (PDT), 8 May 1989. It landed on runway 22, a concrete facility, like a number of other NASA flights. Still others have landed on unpaved dry lakebed stripes.

In the bunker at Launch Pad 39B, STS-103 Mission Specialist Jean-François Clervoy of France, who is with the European Space Agency (ESA), tries on an oxygen mask during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities. The TCDT provides the crew with emergency egress training, opportunities to inspect their mission payloads in the orbiter's payload bay, and simulated countdown exercises. Other crew members taking part are Commander Curtis L. Brown Jr. and Mission Specialists Steven L. Smith, C. Michael Foale (Ph.D.), John M. Grunsfeld (Ph.D.), plus Claude Nicollier of Switzerland, who is also with ESA. STS-103 is a "call-up" mission due to the need to replace and repair portions of the Hubble Space Telescope, including the gyroscopes that allow the telescope to point at stars, galaxies and planets. The STS-103 crew will be replacing a Fine Guidance Sensor, an older computer with a new enhanced model, an older data tape recorder with a solid-state digital recorder, a failed spare

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- In the Space Station Processing Facility, Steve Thomas (center), looks at a model of the International Space Station being held by a worker. Thomas is host of the television series "This Old House." In the foreground and at right are crew members of the television series.; They are at KSC to film an episode of the series

ISS034-E-055887 (25 Feb. 2013) --- Inside the Cupola of the International Space Station, Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield, Expedition 34 flight engineer, sits in for a refresher session with the controls of the Canadian-built Space Station Remote Manipulator System or Canadarm2. In less than a week, the crew will receive a welcome visit by the SpaceX Dragon vehicle, which is scheduled to bring supplies up to the orbital outpost during the first week of March. After being docked to the station for several days, Dragon will return to Earth with a different batch of materials and hardware.

Frame of color news-released stills. This was a Tail Cone Off Mission. Crew was made up of Astronauts Engle and Truly. Astronauts Engle, Truly egress Orbiter following flt. DFRC, CA

Astronaut Mark Polansky, STS-127 mission commander, poses for a photograph by the front wheel of the space shuttle Endeavour shortly after it and its crew landed, Friday, July 31, 2009 at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Fla., completing a 16-day journey of more than 6.5 million miles. Endeavour delivered the final segment to the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's Kibo laboratory and a new crew member to the International Space Station.

NASA African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (NAMMA) DC-8 deployment to Cape Verde, Sal island, Africa

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - Exiting from the crew transport vehicle at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, STS-127 Commander Mark Polansky is greeted by NASA Administrator Charles Bolden. Behind Polansky is Pilot Doug Hurley. The crew returned to Earth on space shuttle Endeavour to complete the 16-day, 6.5-million mile journey on the STS-127 mission to the International Space Station. Main gear touchdown was at 10:48:08 a.m. EDT. Nose gear touchdown was at 10:48:21 a.m. and wheels stop was at 10:49:13 a.m. Endeavour delivered the Japanese Experiment Module's Exposed Facility and the Experiment Logistics Module-Exposed Section to the International Space Station. The mission was the 29th flight to the station, the 23rd flight of Endeavour and the 127th in the Space Shuttle Program, as well as the 71st landing at Kennedy.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla. -- Practicing emergency egress from Launch Pad 39A, STS-118 crew members climb into a slidewire basket. They are taking part in terminal countdown demonstration test activities that included a simulated launch countdown. The crew comprises Commander Scott Kelly, Pilot Charlie Hobaugh and Mission Specialists Dave Williams, Barbara R. Morgan, Rick Mastracchio, Tracy Caldwell and Alvin Drew. Williams represents the Canadian Space Agency. Morgan joined NASA's Teacher in Space program in 1985 and was selected as an astronaut in 1998. The STS-118 mission on Space Shuttle Endeavour is the 22nd flight to the International Space Station and will carry a payload including the S5 truss, a SPACEHAB module and external stowage platform 3. STS-118 is targeted for launch on Aug. 7.

An operator dons a Self-Contained Atmospheric Protective Ensemble (SCAPE) suit inside a room in the Multi-Payload Processing Facility (MPPF) at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Oct. 31, 2018. SCAPE operators, wearing the suits, will participate in a hypergolic systems hot flow test at the MPPF. The test will serve as operational validation of the hypergol subsystem and demonstrate that the hypergols subsystem can service the Orion spacecraft, flow fuel at the required rates, drain and de-service the system, and meet the intended timeline. SCAPE suite are used in operations involving toxic propellants and are supplied with air either through a hardline or through a self-contained environmental control unit.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- During emergency egress training, part of Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test activities at the pad, STS-107 Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla and David Brown share a slidewire basket. The TCDT also includes a simulated launch countdown. STS-107 is a mission devoted to research and will include more than 80 experiments that will study Earth and space science, advanced technology development, and astronaut health and safety. Launch is planned for Jan. 16, 2003, between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. EST aboard Space Shuttle Columbia..

NASAs SpaceX Crew-4 Splashdown. ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti is helped out of a helicopter in Jacksonville, Florida just a few hours after she and NASA astronauts Kjell Lindgren, Jessica Watkins and Robert Hines landed in their SpaceX Crew Dragon Freedom spacecraft in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida, Friday, Oct. 14, 2022. Lindgren, Hines, Watkins, and Cristoforetti are returning after 170 days in space as part of Expeditions 67 and 68 aboard the International Space Station.

NASA engineer Wayne Peterson from the Johnson Space Center reviews postflight checklists following a spectacular flight of the X-38 prototype for a crew recovery vehicle that may be built for the International Space Station. The X-38 tested atmospheric flight characteristics on December 13, 2001, in a descent from 45,000 feet to Rogers Dry Lake at the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center/Edwards Air Force Base complex in California.

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- United Space Alliance Aft Technician Bobby Wright checks is the gaseous nitrogen pressure regulator in the left Orbital Maneuvering System pod on Space Shuttle Endeavour. The component showed pressure differentials during the launch count May 30, 2002, and mission managers elected to replace it after the launch was scrubbed due to weather concerns. The launch of Endeavour on Mission STS-111, Utilization Flight 2 to the International Space Station, has been rescheduled for June 5, 2002

. NASA Armstrongs Student Airborne Research Program celebrates 15 years of success in 2023. An eight-week summer internship program, SARP offers upper-level undergraduate students the opportunity to acquire hands-on research experience as part of a scientific campaign using NASA Airborne Science Program flying science laboratoriesaircraft outfitted specifically for research projects. Students onboard NASAs DC-8 aircraft, the largest flying science laboratory in the world, help scientists from NOAA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration with a science project investigating air quality and non-vehicular pollution sources called AEROMMA, which measures Atmospheric Emissions and Reactions Observed from Megacities to Marine Areas. In 2023, NASA also introduced a sister program, SARP East to complement the West Coast program.

Phillip Wellner from Life Support conducts a spirometry test on NASA Pilot Nils Larsen before a Pilot Breathing Assessment flight at NASAs Armstrong Flight Research Center in California.

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. - Technicians and engineers at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California mate the Pegasus XL rocket with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, solar observatory to the Orbital Sciences L-1011 carrier aircraft.Scheduled for launch from Vandenberg on June 26, 2013, IRIS will open a new window of discovery by tracing the flow of energy and plasma through the chromospheres and transition region into the suns corona using spectrometry and imaging. The IRIS mission will observe how solar material moves, gathers energy and heats up as it travels through a largely unexplored region of the solar atmosphere. The interface region, located between the sun's visible surface and upper atmosphere, is where most of the sun's ultraviolet emission is generated. These emissions impact the near-Earth space environment and Earth's climate.

NASA astronaut Sunita Suni” Williams, commander of Boeing’s Starliner-1 mission, arrives aboard a T-38 jet aircraft at the Launch and Landing Facility at Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Dec. 17, 2020. She is at Kennedy to prepare for her flight to the International Space Station on Boeing’s CST-100 Starliner, as part of the agency’s Commercial Crew Program.

NASAs Student Airborne Research Program invites Dr. Ann Marie Carlton, Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Irvine and White House Office of Science and Technology Policy fellow, to fly aboard the DC-8 to measure air quality on June 23, 2022.

Outside the Integration Facility at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, Expedition 48-49 crewmember Kate Rubins of NASA tries out a pair of binoculars June 25 as she prepares for launch July 7, Baikonur time, on the Soyuz MS-01 spacecraft with Takuya Onishi of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and Anatoly Ivanishin of Roscosmos for a planned four-month mission on the International Space Station.NASA/Alexander Vysotsky

iss054e005591 (Dec. 24, 2017) --- NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei "stirs" in the orbital house that is the International Space Station on Christmas Eve.

DC-8 NAMMA MISSION TO CAPE VERDE, AFRICA Principlal investigator Eastwood Im (l), co-principal investigator Simone Tanelli (c )and RF Engineer William Chun (r) of JPL look at data coming off their APR-2 (Airborne 2nd Generation Precipitation Radar) instrument onboard NASA's DC-8 during a NAMMA science flight

DATE: 3-15-11LOCATION: Building 9 - ISS MockupSUBJECT: Expedition 28/29 crew members during Docking Timeline Training.

Hanksville, Utah, Researchers simulate living on Mars at the Mars Desert Research Station. 'Expedition Boomerang' brought Australian researchers to the station. A patch on a crew member's coveralls commemorates the expedition

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