Vintage Industrial Processes

Engravings depicting historical industrial scenes, including bell foundries, sugar mills, and coal mining activities, showcasing 19th-century craftsmanship.

The interior of a mill house showing de Mornay's patent sugar-mill on the Carauna Estate, in Pernambuco, Brazil. Date: 1854

Cast room of a bell foundry, historical woodcut, circa 1870

The interior of a mill house showing de Mornay's patent sugar-mill on the Carauna Estate, in Pernambuco, Brazil. Date: 1854

Engraving depicting a warehouse on the London docks.

Coal Mining : Bottom of pit shaft with train of wagons waiting to be hoisted to surface. Flanged wheels on coal wagon. From W Fordyce 'A History of Coal, Coke, Coal Fields ...' London, 1860. Engraving.

Horse-powered threshing machine, illustration from L'Illustration, Journal Universel, No 431, Volume XVII, May 29-June 5, 1851.

Dry digging on the Turon, a sketch from the Turon gold fields, New South Wales. This proved to have the richest finds on the river yielding approximately 400 ounces, which included the largest nugget of gold found, weighing 53 ounces. Date: 1852

Pithead scene showing men and boys coming up from an underground shift. Note the female and child pithead workers. South Durham Coalfield, England. Engraving from The Graphic (London, 22 February 1871).

Crab pot, lobster pot and well-box.

Illustration of hemp being prepared to be threaded and twisted to make rope. Dated between 1751-1780

Children carrying loads of clay in the brickyards of the English Midlands. It was estimated that at this time there were between 20,000 and 30,000 children from 5 to 16 at work in British brickyards. From 'The Graphic', London, 27 May, 1871. Wood engraving.

An engraving depicting the cooling floor in a distillery, where grain is spread out, after being boiled in the mash tun. (c 1860)

Thurber & Co canning factory in Moorestown, New Jersey, here loading crates of canned goods onto a goods train, Historic, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original

Drift hearth, process in the smelter to separate gold and silver from added base metals, illustration from 1880, historical, digital reproduction of an original from the 19th century

Unloading frozen meat from Sydney, Australia, in South West India Dock, Millwall, London. Hold of the 'Catania', which sailed on 28 August with nearly 120 tons of meat. Fitted with Haslam's refrigeration machinery. Cargo sent by McIlwraith, McEacharn & Co who shortly before had sent first historic consignment in the 'Strathleven'. Wood engraving November 1881. Refrigeration offered Australia great opportunities to develop meat exports. Prior to this, majority of carcasses were rendered down and exported as by-products such as tallow.

An engraving depicting Devonshire cider: laying out the apples. This floor is immediately above the pound house, and the fruit would be fed into the horse-powered eider mill below through a chute. 1850

1800S Pittsburgh, Pa 1888 Workers At Coke Form Of Coal Ovens

Underground scene in a coal mine, 1860. Artist: Unknown

An engraving depicting the Turning of barley into malt: grain was first steeped in a tank at far end of a barn. after at least 40 hours, it vas placed in a rectangular heap or couch on the malting floor for about 96 hours, by which time, it had risen in temperature. English An engraving 1866

Zinkherstellung, Zinkschmelze, Rösten der Zinkerze im Flammenofen, 1875, Historisch, digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 1...

Engraving depicting workmen of the St Gotthard tunnel finishing work for the day.

Top: Sectional view of workings under East River, New York, during preparations to destroy Flood Rock, part of the Hell Gate Rocks complex which prevented large vessels reaching New York Harbour, and presented a hazard to smaller ones. Bottom: Placing dynamite cartridges in drill holes in roof of the excavations. From 'Le Journal de la Jeunesse', Paris, 1886.

Mules transporting coal in a mine, France. Europe, drawing by Alphonse de Neuville (1835-1885) Le Creusot et les mines de Saone-et-Loire, 1865 by Louis Laurent Simonin (1830-1886) Le Tour du Monde 1867

Loading of a coal steamboat in a harbour in England, coal is shovelled into the storage bunker, Historic, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th ce...

The Linen Industry in the 18th Century; Breaking and Scutching by Machinery; Black and White Illustration;

Pulverising bark for tanning, Mexico. From Harper's New Monthly Magazine, New York, 1884.

Horse Butcher, Slaughterhouse in Berlin, Germany, Historic, digitally restored reproduction of an original 19th century painting, Europe

Engraving depicting the Bessemer process in action: manoeuvring the ladle into position to take the charge from the converter. The Bessemer method of making steel was invented by Henry Bessemer. Henry Bessemer (1813-1898) an English inventor. Dated 20th century

Whitney's cotton gin, 1793., December 18, 1869. Publisher, Harper's Weekly. Cotton, inventions, African American men, cotton machinery, slaves, United States, cotton gins. Eli Whitney (1765-1825). 12 cm x 21 cm

An engraving depicting a horse-powered mill used for shaving 60 men at a time. Dated 18th century

Wire drawing, brass wire, at the factory in Norrköping. Possibly Holmen's use.

Engraving depicting a footplate - the platform for the crew in the cab of a locomotive - as the crew shovel coal into the furnace. Dated 19th century

'Interior of a Smelting-House at Broseley, Shropshire', 1788, (1904). Artist: Unknown.

Loading of a coal steamboat in a harbour in England, coal is shovelled into the storage bunker, Historic, digitally restored reproduction of a 19th century original, exact original date unknown

Malting floor in an American brewery. Wood engraving 1885

Illustration, showing a bricklayer, with a wooden leg, carrying a Hod loaded with bricks up a ladder to a working platform. 1885

Flushing a London sewer. The men are dressed in oilskins and hold bull's eye lanterns to give them enough light to carry out their work. Engraving from 'London Labour and the London Poor' by Henry Mayhew (London, 1861).

Engraving depicting a cooling floor in a distillery, where the mash was cooled after being boiled in the mash tun. Dated 19th century

Gold miners in California, in 1880, America, digitally restored reproduction of an original 19th century painting, exact original date not known

Engraving depicting the threshing of corn, on a threshing floor, using a hand flail. Dated 19th Century

Ephrata, a woodcut showing a brother weaving cloth on old hand loom, circa 1890

'Turpentine Distillery, North Carolina', 1870.Artist: Edwin Austin Abbey

Pferdemetzger, Schlachthof in Berlin, Deutschland, Historisch, digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert

Welding a bicycle frame: France. Frame suspended over forge and operator applies welding rod. Wood engraving Paris 1896.

Platform of a coal mine in the Belgian industrial city of Borinage, Hainaut province. Belgium, Europe. Journey to Belgium by Camille Lemonnier. Old 19th century engraving from Le Tour du Monde 1906

Weighing cotton at Bombay for the English market, 1862. Here '...the bales are landed from Surat, Baroche, Cambay, and other parts of Guzerat, Kuttyawa, and Cutch...owing to the absence of good roads for vehicles, the ordinary means of conveyance was, until very recently, by pack-bullocks...This costly and tedious mode of conveyance has now, however, given place in a measure to the railway, although it still has to be employed for bringing the cotton-bales from outlying districts...to the nearest stations on the line of railway. The bale of cotton weighs about 7cwt., and, until compressed by t

Mine survey in the zinc mine of Vieille-Montagne in Belgium / Grubenvermessung in der Zinkmine der Vieille-Montagne in Belgien, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert,.

Steel manufacture by the Bessemer process in operation in Sheffield, England. Molten metal from the Converter, centre right, is being poured from the bottom of a ladle into moulds. From 'Great Industries of Great Britain' (London, c1880). Engraving.

Convicts are shown seated making carpets in the prison at Peshawar, dated 1885.

A woodcut engraving depicting the testing of the strength of a rope. The labourers turn the capstan while the (natural) philosophers adjust the steelyard (left) and watch the test the length against a rule. Dated 18th century

South Durham miners or pit-men at work at the coal face. On the floor, centre left, is a Clanny safety lamp which had a thick glass round the flame, while on the right the miner is holding up a Davy lamp which had wire gauze round the flame. On the right the boy with a pit pony is waiting for the miners to fill the wagon with coal so that he can hitch up the pony which will drag the wagon along the rails to the bottom of the pit shaft. Engraving from 'The Graphic' (London, 28 January 1871).

Miner working a seam with a pick 'scuffling' out the coal. Pit props and safety lamp. Wood engraving, 1864

Mining, Above ground part of a drilling rig, Mulot and Saint-Inst-Dru system, France, 1868 / Bergbau, Oberirdischer Teil eines Bohrapparat, System Mulot und Saint-Inst-Dru, Frankreich, 1868, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digitale Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert,.

Engraving depicting a French cheese workshop in Gruyere France. Dated 19th Century

Engraving depicting the 'Great Eastern' used during the creation of the Atlantic Telegraph. The men are searching the cable for a fault after its recovery from the bottom of the Atlantic. Dated 19th Century

Iraq/Mesopotamia: Austen Henry Layard (1817 - 1894), archaeologist and excavator of the ancient cities of Nimrud and Niniveh, supervises the removal of a lamassu or winged bull from Nimrud, engraving, 1852

mining mine mine elevator woodcut from ""Vom Bergwerk"" (About the Mine) by Georgius Agricola (born Georg Bauer 1494 - 1555) 1557,

Foundry of a bell foundry, historical woodcut, circa 1870, digitally restored reproduction of an original from the 19th century, exact original date not known, coloured

Tunneling the Hoosac tunnel: work at the heading. Illustration from a magazine printed in 1870

Voluntary Rescue Society in Vienna, Austria. Helping a scaffold to collapse, Historical, digital reproduction of an original from the 19th century

Power-operated jacquard looms in Ackroyd's worsted mill, Halixfax, Yorkshire, England.

Illustration depicting the hold of the Royal Albert during construction. Dated 19th Century

Engraving depicting a small portable fire engine carrying an initial charge of 36 gallons of water thus enabling it to attack a blaze without a delay of being attached to a hydrant or filled on spot. The discharge lasted for 6 minutes and would then be refilled. Dated 19th century

The Leycett Colliery Disaster: friends of the miners waiting at the pit mouth, 1880. '...explosion at the Leycett Colliery, near Newcastle-under-Lyne, Staffordshire, on Wednesday of last week, by which sixty or seventy lives were lost...View of the distressed friends, wives, and children, or parents, brothers, and sisters, of the unfortunate men who were known to have been at work below, despondently awaiting the result of a continued search in the subterranean galleries and recesses. That part of the Leycett Colliery, belonging to the Crewe Iron and Coal Company, in which this disaster took

Convicts are shown seated making carpets in the prison at Peshawar, dated 1885.

An engraving depicting men cutting turf (peat) while women pile it into stacks. Bog of Allen, Ireland.

Preparation of Flax, winding, warping and weaving, 18th cent. Industrial Revolution, England.

industry metal Krupp Essen steelwork 1000 hundredweight Nielsen steam hammer ""Fritz"" wood engraving 1891,

Postal ship, Mail ship, mail shipping from Europe to New York, stowing the mail bags in the ship's packing room / Postschiff, Postschiffahrt von Europa nach New York, verstauen der Briefsäcke im Packraum des Schiffes, Historisch, historical, digital improved reproduction of an original from the 19th century / digital restaurierte Reproduktion einer Originalvorlage aus dem 19. Jahrhundert, Originaldatum nicht bekannt.

A horse-drawn circular cider mill. Process print after a painting by E. Borough Johnson.

Casting Mortars at a London ironworks, from 'The Illustrated London News', 1855.

Four women and a man making needles in a workshop in 18th century France. Date: Circa 1760

Workers strike in Jumet (Belgium) on 26 March 1886. Strikers destroying an smelter in the H. Bandoux glass factory. Engraving.

Mine drainage. Man in centre left of picture is boring lengths of wood with borers and augers to form pipes. Man on centre right is working the piston rod of a suction pump to raise water from a mine. In the left foreground are lengths of pipe to be joined, and various internal pump parts. From De r

The foundry or cast house, Butterley Ironworks, Derbyshire. Tapping the furnace and casting iron into 'pigs'. Manager in top hat and tail coat watches the procedure. Wood engraving 1844

Engraving depicting the 'Great Eastern' used during the creation of the Atlantic Telegraph. The intermediate paddle-shaft being lowered on to the deck. Dated 19th Century

Small engineering works in which the Tangy brothers made machine tools in the 1850s. From 'One and All' by Richard Tangye (London, c1889). Richard Tangye (1833-1906) English engineer of Cornish Quaker origin, supplied hydraulic jacks for the launch of the SS Great Eastern. He instituted Saturday half holiday for his factory workers.

Engraving depicting basket makers weaving osiers.

Engraving depicting a small engineering works from Richard Tangye's 'One and All'. Richard Tangye (1833-1906) a British manufacturer of engines and other heavy equipment. Dated 19th Century

The Linen Industry in the 18th Century; Wash Mill, Rubbing Boards, Beetling Engine (for glazing) & Boiler House;

Engraving depicting the baking of large, flat loaves in a farm oven house. Dated 19th century

Barefoot girls sifting dust in a brickyard. Dust was coal, or iron and coal dust. It was estimated that at this time there were between 20,000 & 30,000 children aged 5 to 16 at work in British brickyards. Wood engraving 1871.

Men and women sorting refuse in a Paddington Green dust yard, London. The barge in the background is on the Regents Canal.

Workers in underground galleries putting cartridges of dynamite into position in preparation for the blowing up Flood Rock, part of the Hell Gate Rocks complex which prevented large vessels reaching New York Harbour, and presented a hazard to smaller ones. Dynamite was the explosive used. From 'The Illustrated London News', 1885. Wood engraving.

Labor Inspectorate Photo Collection. 9x12 former mining. undated

An engraving depicting the Huntley & Palmer's factory, Reading. Dated 19th century

View of New York street and manhole beneath, showing a telephone cable being laid. The electric telephone, New York, 1890.

The forge in the workshop of the International Exhibition building, London Date: 1862

Engraving depicting a sash-bar finishing machine used during the building of the Crystal Palace. Dated 19th century

Laying out the cable from the Blazer for the successful Dover to Calais telegraph cable - Dated Christmas Day 1851.

Illustration showing belt-driven brushes used to groom a horse. 1881

Havana, Cuba. The new Machina at the San Fernando dock. On 21 November 1882, work was carried out to install the structure, of English construction, under the direction of the first boatswain of the Spanish Navy, Mr. Antonio Menjibar. It was a crane-tower used for the placement of masts and different rigging on ships. The dock was occupied by dependencies of the Spanish Navy. Engraving by Tomas Carlos Capuz. La Ilustracion Espanola y Americana (The Spanish and American Illustration), 1883.

Lowering a horse at the Le Creusot colliery, France Date: 1869

Lime Kilns: burning limestone to produce lime for cement and mortar, and for agricultural use. Wood engraving 1872

Illustration showing Cross-section showing men working in a caisson used to build one of the piers of the Brooklyn Bridge. During the work, there were 110 cases of Caisson disease. 1883

food sugar extraction out of sugar cane in the West Indies copper engraving by Theodore de Bry 1595,

A chaotic scene of ships, dockers and warehouses Date: 1870

Engraving depicting workmen unloading barrels of sugar, Bristol.

An engraving depicting the crushing of grapes for wine. France 1870

Blind Basket-makers

Men employed chopping firewood in the casual ward of a London workhouse. 1895.

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